• Korean Security Journal
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• no.17
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• pp.53-68
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate about security service history as enlightenment period from the provisional government to 1920s. This study used materials by historical facts for the regulations and books in provisional government, newspapers in 1920s. There are four parts conclusion of this study: police department of provisional government, security service agency in the provisional government, security service agents of an independence movement, the general society of Korea. Firstly, Kim Gu, a prominent Korean nationalist leader, was understand of security service which was to protect provisional government from the enemy. So, Kim Gu participated in training of security service agents in the police department of provisional government. Secondly, there was security service agency in the provisional government. In 1920s, security service agency and agents appeared for the first time in regulations of the provisional government. At the beginning of the security service agency's appearance was influenced on background and circumstances for Korean independence activist who helped the independence of Korea from Japan. Thirdly, security service agents leaded an active for independence movement of the private organizations in 1920s. They carried on an independence movement in defiance of Japanese coercion as nationalist in Korea history. Fourthly, security service came out the general society of Korea in 1920s. The security service was not just for safety, but also for its security system and peace of mind, which were influenced by the political situation, social environment in 1920s. For the this reason, now security service has safety perception in Korea despite the historical progress.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 1997

This thesis is a study on the properties of new religious ritual dress in Korea to help understand new religions more completely. A new religion means 'Newly born religions'and it is an opposite conception of the existing religion. The new religions in Korea have been established, changed and become extinct beginning with 'Dong-Hak'movement by Choi Jea Woo in 1860. Sometimes they've caused social problems with their number increasing after the rapid industrialization in 1970's. There are about 350 new religions and 2,000,000 christians in Korea now. Some of theme are pseudo religions wearing the mask of religion and also there are great new religions that will contribute to our spiritual history. The latter shows the thoughtful properties of the union of religion, postnatal creation, nation's independence, and human's centralization. There are properties of pluralism, nation's independence, symbolism, and thoughts in a new religious ritul dress.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.01a
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• pp.165-166
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• 2000

Spatial independence and temporal stability of flat-panel LCD monitor, LG StudioWorks 500LC, were evaluated. The luminance and chromaticity of stimulus color were measured according to the variation of the size, background color, and location on the screen. The spatial independence at center location is very good and not a limiting factor in its colorimetric characterization, however the spatial non-uniformity is a little severe. The warmup time to stabilize after initial power is about 100 minutes and short-term variance of white stimulus is within 0.1 ${\Delta}E^*\;_{ab}$.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.279-288
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• 2018

As a result of the technological advances in the E / E system, automotive system can provide advanced functions for safety and comfort. In addition, mechanical systems is changed to the electronic system. And the systems perform cooperative functions through communication. So the E / E system becomes more complicated as the size of the system increases. In order to secure the safety of complicated E / E system, ISO26262 standard require that Freedom from Interference and Sufficient Independence be met. In this paper, we propose a software scheduling method that can guarantee the independence between decomposed components after software decomposition and software development of ASIL D level EPB (Electronic Parking Brake) system.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-89
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• 2023

This research explores the fall of pre-independence Sultanates and its continued political, economic, and cultural influence in post-colonial Indonesia. By using qualitative and historical methods, this paper compares the Sultanates of Mataram in Yogyakarta and Al-Kadrie in Pontianak, which represent different historical paths supporting the struggle for independence during the mid-20th century. Sultan Hamid II of the Al-Kadrie was a supporter of federalism whereas Sultan Hamengkubowono IX of Yogyakarta was an advocate of the republican system. Eventually, Indonesia became a Republic, and the idea of federalism was sidelined, which led to the abolition of sultanates in the rise of the = Indonesian nation-state, except for the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. After the 1998 Reform, the current development of democracy created political opportunities for the Al-Kadrie to reclaim its authority through engagement with various civic organizations. Meanwhile, the Sultanate of Yogyakarta faces internal friction because of succession concerns.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.251-262
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• 1999

This study is designed to evaluate the effects of aggressive fine motor exercise of unaffected hand in the hemiplegic patients. The 36 hemiplegic patients were classified into two groups: The experimental 18, who were treated by aggressive fine motor exercise in unaffected hand and the control, 18, who were treated by conventional exercise program. We evaluate the effects of aggressive fine motor exercise by Functional Independence Measure(FIM) and Jebsen Hand Function Test(JHFT) after 6 weeks program. After exercise program, the experimental group showed score change from $43.05{\pm}15.68$ to $58.05{\pm}17.12$ in FIM score and from $24.12{\pm}22.03$ to $55.44{\pm}21.50$ in Jebsen, and the control showed score change from $51.11{\pm}22.61$ to $57.50{\pm}23.66$ in FIM score and from $40.88{\pm}21.17$ to $52.77{\pm}19.42$ in Jebsen. The experimental group had significantly higher score in FIM and JHFT than that of the control group. The aggressive fine motor exercise is beneficial in unaffected hand in the hemiplegic patients.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.59-67
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• 2010

Mortality rates from stroke have been declining. Because of this, more people are living with residual disability. Rehabilitation plays an important role in functional recovery of stroke survivors. In stroke rehabilitation, early prediction of the obtainable level of functional recovery is desirable to deliver efficient care, set realistic goals, and provide appropriate discharge planning. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of functional outcome after stroke using inpatient rehabilitation as measured by Functional Independence Measure (FIM) total scores. Correlation and stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed on data collected retrospectively from two-hundred thirty-five patients. More than moderate correlation was found between FIM total scores at the time of hospital admission and FIM total scores at the time of discharge from the hospital. Significant predictors of FIM at the time of discharge were FIM total scores at the time of hospital admission, age, and onset-admission interval. The equation was as follows: expected discharge FIM total score = $76.12+.62{\times}$(admission FIM total score)-$.38{\times}(age)-.15{\times}$(onset-admission interval). These findings suggest that FIM total scores at the time of hospital admission, age, and onset-admission interval are important determinants of functional outcome.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.105-114
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• 2021

A 38-year-old Korean man without any other history was diagnosed with myelopathy due to a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula. Following embolization and high-dose steroid therapy, the patient was treated with complex Korean medical therapies including acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, electro-acupuncture, Chuna manual therapy, herbal medicine, and cupping therapy in addition to conventional treatment. To assess the patient's improvement, international standard for neurological classification of spinal cord injury, Korean version of modified Barthel index, functional independence measure, spinal cord independence measure III, walking index for spinal cord injury II, modified Ashworth scale were used. After treatment, the muscle strength and sensory function of the lower extremities were improved, and the spasticity was reduced, resulting in a rapid improvement in performance of daily activities. These results suggest that complex Korean medical therapies may be effective for myelopathy, and further clinical studies are needed to clarify their effects.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was designed to explore quality of life (QOL) in patients with stomach cancer by using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) Instrument- Korean version. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one (31) patients with stomach cancer after curative resection were recruited with informed consent. Age- and gender-matched hospital staff served as controls. The 100-item WHOQOL Instrument, including physical domain, psychological domain, social domain, independence domain, environment domain, and spiritual domain, was employed for the all subjects. Results: In patients with stomach cancer after operation, only two domains, physical and independence, were associated with worse quality of life. In those domains, patients with advanced stage, with total gastrectomy, with adjuvant chemotherapy, and early or late postoperative period ($\leqq$2 years or >5 years after operation), could be perceived of having a worse quality of life. Conclusion: Not only scientific objective success but also individual subjective perception of condition could be important for managing patients with stomach carcinomas after curative resection. In this context, the WHOQOL reflecting multi-dimensional state of well being could be a useful tool across a variety of cultural and value systems in the world.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

The use of a gym ball is becoming more popular for dynamic balance exercises. However, little is known about the effects of the dynamic ball exercises in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to compare balance and functional mobility after dynamic balance exercises using a gym ball to reduce the risk factorfor falls. All of the 15 subjects were women between the ages of 68 and 91 (mean age=79.9 yrs, SD=5.87) at anursing home in Wonju. Seven of fifteen subjects were placed in the experimental group and the others in the control group. Three clinical tests were used to determine the degree of balance and functional mobility before beginning the exercise program, after 4 weeks of gym ball exercise, and after 8 weeks of gym ball exercise. These three tests included Timed Up & Go (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Dynamic ball exercises training for 8 weeks (5 days per week) included side stretching, prone walking, bridging, marching and opposite arm and leg lifting. There were significant differences found before the gym ball exercise program began and after 4 weeks and then 8 weeks in the experimental group (p<.05). Significant differences between the groups were shown for TUG and BBS (p<.05). No significant difference was noted between the groups for FIM. Therefore, gym ball exercises can improve dynamic balance and may be recommended to include in a therapeutic program to help the elderly reduce their risk of a fall.