• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.447-456
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• 2021

State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) are business entities that are owned mainly by the state. Good financial governance (GFG) is as important for SOEs as for the private sector companies. Prudence and GFG can affect the value of the company. This research aims to test the impact of macroeconomics, investment decisions, and financing decisions on prudence, Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD), dividend policy, and company value of SOEs registered on the IDX from 2014-2019. GFG and financing decisions are moderating variables. The population in this study is 16 SOEs listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014-2019. The research method is quantitative and uses Partial Least Squares (PLS), which is an approach to Structural Equation Models (SEM) that allows researchers to analyze the relationships simultaneously. The results showed that macroeconomic factors, investment decisions, financing decisions, and prudence directly affect the company's value. However, CSRD and dividend policy directly do not affect the company's value. Prudence can mediate the influence of financing decisions on company value. GFG moderates the relationship between prudence and company value. Thus, GFG is key to producing compliant regulatory reports and disclosures. GFG aims at facilitating effective monitoring and efficient control of the business. Its essence lies in fairness and transparency in operations and enhanced disclosures for protecting the interest of different stakeholders.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.1-1
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• 1993

The cosmetic industry is dynamic, ever changing. New product are constantly evolved, old and obsolete products are replaced as the industry adopts to an ever changing market. Cosmetics are products 1the society. They often reflect the changing needs, values, and the lifestyles of the people and serve as an indicator of the political climate and economic state of a nation. Thus, it is likely the recent change in 11head of the U.S. government will strongly impact the cosmetic industry. The United States is the world`s largest market for cosmetics and toiletries, Many U.S. cosmetic and toiletry manufacturers, such as P & G, Colgate, Avon, Revlon and Estee Lauder, market their Products worldwide. Consequently, what happens in the U.S. often, sooner or later, affect markets and industries in other parts of the world. Frequently, changes that occur first in the U.S. with subsequently take place in other nations within a few years. The success and failure of the new economic policies of the Clinton Administration and the expected tightening of government regulations on environmental protection, and consumer protection will undoubtedly affect the industry. Possible changes in foreign policy will not only affect U.S. companies but also cosmetic manufacturers in other nations. This lecture will focus on possible changes in the cosmetic industry in America and how they will impact on Korea and foreign companies doing business in United States. It will also review important changes in federal and state regulations. New marketing trends, new raw materials and successful new products will be discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.855-858
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• 2001

The stress induced leakage currents of thin silicon oxides is investigated in the VLSI implementation of a self learning neural network integrated circuits using a linearity synapse transistor. The channel current for the thickness dependence of stress current, transient current, and stress induced leakage currents has been measured in oxides with thicknesses between 41 ${\AA}$, 86${\AA}$, which have the channel width ${\times}$ length 10 ${\times}$1${\mu}$m, 10 ${\times}$0.3${\mu}$m respectively. The stress induced leakage currents will affect data retention in synapse transistors and the stress current, transient current is used to estimate to fundamental limitations on oxide thicknesses. The synapse transistor made by thin silicon oxides has represented the neural states and the manipulation which gaves unipolar weights. The weight value of synapse transistor was caused by the bias conditions. Excitatory state and inhitory state according to weighted values affected the channel current. The stress induced leakage currents affected excitatory state and inhitory state.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07a
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• pp.143-145
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• 1998

This paper presents the shape optimization algorithm of magnetic systems with, state variable constraints using the Finite Element Method. In the design' of electromagnetic systems, sometimes we have to consider the state variables when they seriously affect the performance of electromagnetic systems. So we should define that some design problems have the constraints of the state variables. We use the gradient of constraints and sensitivity analysis in order to consider the state variable constraints and obtain an optimal shape. The optimal shape must be satisfied constraints, so we take the gradient projection method as a kind of optimization methods. In this paper a numerical example with state variable constraints uses the superconducting electromagnet that has another constraint which the volume of the superconductor should be constant.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1443-1449
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• 2003

Primary goal of adaptive observers would be to estimate the true states of a plant. Identification of unknown parameters is of secondary interest and is achieved frequently with the persistent excitation condition of some regressors. Nevertheless, two problems are linked to each other in the classical approaches to adaptive observers; as a result, we get a good state estimate once after a good parameter estimate is obtained. This paper focuses on the state estimation without parameter identification so that the state is estimated regardless of persistent excitation. In this direction of research, Besancon (2000) recently summarized that most of adaptive observers in the literature share one common canonical form, in which unknown parameters do not affect the unmeasured states. We enlarge the class of linear systems from the canonical form of (Besancon, 2000) by proposing an adaptive observer (with additional dynamics) that allows unknown parameters to affect those unmeasured states. A recursive algorithm is presented to design the proposed dynamic observer systematically. An example confirms the design procedure with a simulation result.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2014

Objective : This study was aimed to discover the correlation between those getting tattoos and their psychopathology relating to their delinquent behavior and emotional problems. Methods : Data for this study was collected from 19-year-old men who were receiving a physical examination for conscription at the Military Manpower Administration. 400 data sheets were collected among them. All of the subjects were evaluated on the following measures : sociodemographic variants, Juvenile delinquency scale, State-trait anger expression inventory, Beck depression inventory, State-trait anxiety inventory, and Positive affect and negative affect schedule. Results : In comparison with those without tattoos, those with a tattoo scored higher in the scales that were related to delinquency, anger, depression, and negative emotion. Furthermore, there were positive correlations between the number of tattoos and the scores for the Juvenile delinquent tendency and behavior scale as well as on the, State-trait anxiety scale. Conclusion : Those with tattoos had experienced anger, anxiety and depression more strongly in comparison with those without tattoos. These results recommend that tattooed males should be evaluated more on their regarding psychopathology compared to those without tattoos.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.199-209
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• 2024

This study explored how temperature, time, and moisture content affect the rheological properties (apparent viscosity, flow behavior index, and consistency coefficient) of stored tomato and pepper purees. These purees were prepared with moisture contents of 85%, 90%, and 95% (w/v) using the hot-break method and tested over 6 days at 2-day intervals and temperatures of 5℃, 10℃, and 15℃. Results displayed distinct ranges for apparent viscosity, consistency coefficient, and flow behavior indices: tomato puree (2,519.9-4,324.6 mPa·s, 258.0-550.6 mPa·Sn, 1.80-0.48) and pepper puree (2,105.6-4,562.0 mPa·s, 268.4-580.4 mPa·Sn, 0.22-0.48). The temperature and storage time had significant (p≤0.05) effects, but moisture content did not affect these properties. Flow behavior and consistency coefficients demonstrated relative variation with apparent viscosity, indicating pseudoplastic behavior. Optimal processing and storage conditions were identified within specific ranges: 13.21-14.42℃ for 2 days with 92.22-94.23% (w/v) moisture content for pepper, and 8.42-11.77℃ for 2-6 days with 85% (w/v) moisture for tomato.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.343-365
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of learner variables on triggering state curiosity and state anxiety in confronting scientific task situation for fifth to sixth grades of elementary school. Science curiosity, interest, need for cognition, science self-concept, science anxiety, prior knowledge, and perceived difficulty were selected as learner variables that are expected to affect state curiosity and state anxiety. As a result of this study, the variables that had a significant influence on evoking state curiosity in confronting scientific task situation were in the order of interest, need for cognition, science curiosity, and prior knowledge, and all of these variables had a positive effect. In addition, the variables that significantly affect on evoking state anxiety in confronting scientific task situation were in the order of science anxiety, perceived difficulty, need for cognition, science self-concept, and prior knowledge. Of these, only prior knowledge had a negative effect on evoking state anxiety, and the other variables had a positive effect. The results of this study are expected to broaden the comprehension of students' emotional states in science education, and provide a theoretical foundation for the studies of state curiosity and state anxiety in science learning.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.605-613
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• 2022

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of increasing supplementation of Yarrowia lipolytica (YL) up to 3.0% replacing 1.6% poultry fat and 0.9% blood plasma for growth performance, intestinal health and nutrient digestibility of diets fed to nursery pigs. Methods: Twenty-four pigs weaned at 24 d of age (initial body weight at 7.2±0.6 kg) were allotted to three dietary treatments (n = 8) based on the randomized complete block. The diets with supplementation of YL (0.0%, 1.5%, and 3.0%, replacing poultry fat and blood plasma up to 1.6% and 0.9%, respectively) were fed for 21 d. Feed intake and body weight were recorded at d 0, 10, and 21. Fecal score was recorded at every odd day from d 3 to 19. Pigs were euthanized on d 21 to collect proximal and distal jejunal mucosa to measure intestinal health markers including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-8, immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G. Ileal digesta was collected for apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of nutrients in diets. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS. Results: Supplementation of YL (1.5% and 3.0%) replacing poultry fat and blood plasma did not affect growth performance, fecal score and intestinal health. Supplementation of YL at 1.5% did not affect nutrient digestibility, whereas supplementation of YL at 3.0% reduced AID of dry matter (40.2% to 55.0%), gross energy (44.0% to 57.5%), crude protein (52.1% to 66.1%), and ether extract (50.8% to 66.9%) compared to diets without supplementation. Conclusion: Yarrowia lipolytica can be supplemented at 1.5% in nursery diets, replacing 0.8% poultry fat and 0.45% blood plasma without affecting growth performance, intestinal health and nutrient digestibility. Supplementation of YL at 3.0% replacing 1.6% poultry fat and 0.9% blood plasma did not affect growth performance and intestinal health, whereas nutrient digestibility was reduced.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1669-1674
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• 2005

Maximum likelihood methodology was applied to analyze the efficiency and statistical power of interval mapping by using a threshold model. The factors that affect QTL detection efficiency (e.g. QTL effect, heritability and incidence of categories) were simulated in our study. Daughter design with multiple families was applied, and the size of segregating population is 500. The results showed that the threshold model has a great advantage in parameters estimation and power of QTL mapping, and has nice efficiency and accuracy for discrete traits. In addition, the accuracy and power of QTL mapping depended on the effect of putative quantitative trait loci, the value of heritability and incidence directly. With the increase of QTL effect, heritability and incidence of categories, the accuracy and power of QTL mapping improved correspondingly.