• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.381-385
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• 2005

Aeromonas hydrophilia infection was diagnosed in captive Jackass penguins (Spheniscus demersus). Seven Jackass penguins showed clinical signs including depression and anorexia with greenish vomiting, but four penguins were died although extensive treatment was carried out. At necropsy, the penguins appeared to have hemorrhage and catarrhal inflammation of the small and large intestines and severe enlargement of the right hepatic lobe, elongation of the gall bladder and pyloric ulceration of the stomach. The ovaries observed atrophy and congestion. Microscopically, there were congestion, fat droplet within the cytoplasm of the hepatic cell, infiltration of lymphocytes in the stomach, vilous detachment and destroyed glandular epithelium in the small and large intestines. Aeromonas hydrophilia was isolated from the liver and small intestines. This case is the first report of an occurrence of Aeromonas hydrophilia infection at Jackass penguins in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.563-568
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• 2005

The present study was conducted to investigate biochemical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of Aeromonas hydrophilia isolated from Jackass penguins (Spheniscus demersus) of zoo and capelins (Mallotus villosus). Seven of Jackass penguins showed anorexia, depression with seriously greenish vomiting for a few days, but resulted in 4 deaths although extensive treatment was carried out by zoo veterinarians. From the 18 samples composed of organs or feces from dead or live Jackass penguins and capelins, 4 (22.2%) Aeromonas hydrophilia were isolated and Bacillus spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus auricularis, Staphylococcus cohnii and Enterobacter aminigenus were also identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests of Aeromonas hydrophilia showed that all isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, norfloxacin and trimethoprim- sulfadimethoxazole. However, all isolates were resistant to the following antimicrobials; ampicillin, bacitracin, c ephalothin, cefazolin, noboviocin, penicillin and vancomycin.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.233-237
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• 2001

Kawasaki Disease, an acute systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in many parts of the world. It predominantly affects children under 5 years of age and has many clinical symptoms. We experienced a case of gas forming enterocolitis associated with Kawasaki Disease. Aeromonas hydrophilia was isolated from her stool culture. So, we report the case with a brief review of its literature.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.273-285
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of antibacterial substances produced by probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against biogenic amines-producing bacteria and the influence of culture conditions on the antibacterial activity of bacteriocin and organic acid. The bacteriocin solutions of Lactobacillus plantarum FIL20 (64 AU/ml) and Lactobacillus paracasei FIL31 (128 AU/ml) showed strong antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens CIH09 and Aeromonas hydrophilia RIH28, respectively. And the lactic acid contents in the cell-free culture supernatants (CFCS) obtained from FIL20 and FIL31 strains were $107.3{\pm}2.7mM$ and $129.5{\pm}4.6mM$, respectively. Therefore, the bacteriocin solution (200 AU/ml) and the CFCS ($200{\mu}l/ml$) produced by L. plantarum FIL20 and L. paracasei FIL31 significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the bacterial numbers and histamine and tyramine production ability of S. marcescens CIH09 and A. hydrophilia RIH28. The amounts of histamine and tyramine produced by the CIH09 strain under conditions of low initial pH (5.0) and incubation temperature ($15^{\circ}C$) was significantly reduced by treatment with bacteriocin solution and CFCS obtained from L. plantarum FIL20. In addition, the bacterial counts and biogenic amines contents of CIH09 strain were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) when sodium chloride (5%) or potassium nitrite (200 mg/g) were mixed with the antibacterial substances of L. plantarum FIL20. Consequently, the bacteriocin and organic acid solution of L. plantarum FIL20 and L. paracasei FIL31 can be used as a biological preservation to effectively control the production of biogenic amines by the application of hurdle technology.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.239-246
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• 1982

Nonhuman primate에 자연 발생하는 신장질병에 대한 병리학적 연구를 위해 Macaque (200), Sanquinus mystax (15), Saimiri sciureus (80) 등 8종에서 총 504두를 일반 병리부검에 의해 조사하였다. 가장 빈발하는 신장 질병은 화농성, 간질성, 신장염이며 다음은 독성 신세뇨관염, 신사구체신염 및 신우신염 등이었다. 도표 3에서 비교된 바와 같이 nonhuman primate의 각 종류에 따라서 특징적인 신장염 소견을 보여주었다. 야외 원숭이 사육장에서 기르는 원숭이 군에서는 Aeromonas hydrophilia가 처음으로 중요한 본 질병의 원인체로 발견되었다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 1988

Reviewing the results of the blood cultures performed at Yeungnam University Hospital during 4-year-period through January. 1, 1984 to December 31, 1987, the following results were obtained. 1) Out of 808:3 blood specimens cultured microorganisms grew in 582 specimens with positivity rate of 7.20%. Polymicrobial bacteremia was found in 16 patients. 2) Among 582 positive specimens, Gram-positive cocci grew in 189 specimens, and Gram-negative bacilli, in 393 specimens. Clinically significant microorganisms consisted of 82 Staphylococcus aureus, and 20 Strptococcus species in Gram-positive cocci group, 80 Salmonella typhi, 72 Escherichia coli, 72 Salmonella paratyphi A in Enterobacteriaceae, and 46 Pseudomonas cepacia, and 16 Pseudomonas aeruginosa in glucose non-fermentating microorganisms. 3) Increasing incidence of Serratia, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas species as major nosocomial infection source is noteworthy. They showed increased tendency from 6.3% of 1984 to 17.7% of 1987 of total positive blood cultures. 4) High isolation rate of Pseudomonas species and Aeromonas hydrophilia was noted in summer, while Salmonella typhi showed high prevalence from May to September and in January. 5) In susceptibility tests of isolated organisms, staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to basic antimicrobial agents except for ampicillin. The glucose non-fermentating microorganisms showed high resistance to basic antimicrobial agents in 32.2%. In conclusion, considering the relatively higher incidence of growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis than ideal level indicates that sampling technique should be improved. Secondly, all the hospital staffs in cooperation with Hospital Infection Committee are desirable to pay efforts to decrease the nosocomial infection.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.352-364
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• 2016

In this study, we examined in vitro the potential probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) obtained from the fish intestine and their ability to degrade histamine through the production of diamine oxidase (DAO) enzymes and bacteriocin. Among 97 LAB strains isolated from the intestine of croaker, flatfish, pollack, and rockfish, CIL08, CIL16, FIL20, FIL31, PIL45, PIL49, PIL52, and RIL60 isolates exhibited excellent survival rates under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, high adhesion ability to HT-29 epithelial cells, and resistance to the antibiotics such as amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, penicillin G, streptomycin, tetracycline, or vancomycin. In addition, these strains did not produce histamine in decarboxylating broth containing histidine. In particular, 4 strains (CIL08, FIL20, PIL52, and RIL60) that may produce DAO were significantly able to degrade histamine. The bacteriocins produced by FIL20, FIL31, and PIL52 LAB inhibited the growth and histamine production of Enterococcus aerogenes CIH05, Serratia marcescens CIH09, Enterococcus faecalis FIH11, Pediococcus halophilus FIH15, Lactobacillus sakei PIH16, Enterococcus faecium PIH19, Leuconostoc mesenteroides RIH25, or Aeromonas hydrophilia RIH28. Histamine-producing strains isolated from fish intestine were found to reduce histamine accumulation during co-culture with CIL08, FIL20, PIL52, and RIL60 LAB showing histamine degradation or bacteriocin production ability. The probiotic strains preventing histamine formation were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus CIL08, Lactobacillus plantarum FIL20, Lactobacillus paracasei FIL31, Lactobacillus sakei PIL52, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides RIL60 with high similarity based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 2000

Over the past several years, countless patients have benefitted from the use of leeches in microsurgery. As we know, leeches are used to overcome the problem of venous congestion by creating prolonged localized bleeding uniquely characteristics of leech bite. Venous congestion, a common complication of digital replantation, often has been treated through surgical repair like arteriovenous anastomosis. The leech produces a number of important substances which contribute to the special property of the bite, including an anticoagulant, a local vasodilator and local anesthetics. The bite usually bleeds for 1 to 2 hours and under special circumstances may bleed for up to 24 hours. So venous congestion is relieved. However, leeches increase the possibility of infection through their gut content. Infection associated medical leech application is significant risk. Other risk include allergic reaction, adverse psychologic reaction and blood loss requiring transfusion. The 65 cases of medical leech application were performed between August, 1997 and May, 2000 according to an established protocol. The complication were 18 cases ; infection (13 cases), hemorrhage (2 cases), allergic reaction (1 case), psychologic problem (1 case) and hypochromic anemia (1 case). Then our study was performed on the base of indication. As a result, Aeromonas hydrophilia was cultured from gut of medical leech and Klebsiella, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were cultured from media. We present the clinical risk-benefit of the medical leech therapy through several cases following digital replantation.