• 제목/요약/키워드: Advanced stomach cancer

검색결과 179건 처리시간 0.036초

External Radiation Therapy Combined with Hyperthermia in the Carcinoma of Extrahepatic Biliary System (간외 담관계암의 방사선치료와 온열치료의 병용요법)

  • Bae, Hoon-Sik
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
    • /
    • 제10권1호
    • /
    • pp.49-58
    • /
    • 1992
  • From January 1985 to September 1990, 7 patients with carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary system received external radiaiton therapy combined with hyperthermia. Of the 3 patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer, two were primary cholangiocarcinoma and one was metastatic peripancreatic carcinoma. Of the 4 patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder, two were locor-egionally advanced and unresectable carcinoma and the remaining two were local-regional recurrence after cholecystectomy. They were all pathologicallly proven adenocarcinoma. The radiation dose received ranged from 3000 cGy/2weeks to 5040 cGy/7 weeks. The hyperthermia was done once or twice a week and 4 to 12 sessions in total. The tumor response was confirmed by T-tube cholangiography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and CT scan. 6 out of 7 ($86\%$) showed partial regression of the tumor. The median survival time was 7 months (range $4\~11$ months).6 out of 7 patients were dead: one died of septicemia, 4 of primary disease, one of distant metastases. Only one out of 7 patients is still alive but new metastatic lesion was found. There was not any treatment related deaths. There was also no evidence of treatment related problems with liver, stomach and duodenum, although the observation period was short.

  • PDF

A Case of Giant Gastric Schwannoma Accompanied with Bleeding (출혈을 동반한 거대 위 신경초종 1예)

  • Kim, Je-Yeon;An, Ji-Yeong;Choi, Min-Gew;Noh, Jae-Hyung;Sohn, Tae-Sung;Kim, Sung
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
    • /
    • 제6권1호
    • /
    • pp.47-51
    • /
    • 2006
  • The origin of a submucosal tumor is difficult to determine by endoscopic biopsy. One type of submucosal tumor, which originates in Schwann cell, a schwannoma represents 0.2% of all gastric tumors. We experienced the case of a 57-year-old female patient with a gastric schwannoma presenting with melena and anemia. Computed tomography and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a protruded huge mass from 3 cm below the cardia to angle. Seven endoscopic biopsies indicated only necrotic debri and granulation tissue, chronic gastritis. Because we suspected an advanced gastric cancer, or lymphoma with bleeding, It was performed an operation for an exact diagnosis and a treatment for bleeding. A-post-operative histopathological, immunohistochemical examination led to the final diagnosis of a gastric schwannoma.

  • PDF

A Randomized Phase III Study of Patients With Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma Without Progression After Six Cycles of XELOX (Capecitabine Plus Oxaliplatin) Followed by Capecitabine Maintenance or Clinical Observation

  • Guk Jin Lee;Hyunho Kim;Sung Shim Cho;Hyung Soon Park;Ho Jung An;In Sook Woo;Jae Ho Byun;Ji Hyung Hong;Yoon Ho Ko;Der Sheng Sun;Hye Sung Won;Jong Youl Jin;Ji Chan Park ;In-Ho Kim;Sang Young Roh;Byoung Yong Shim
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
    • /
    • 제23권2호
    • /
    • pp.315-327
    • /
    • 2023
  • Purpose: Oxaliplatin, a component of the capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) regimen, has a more favorable toxicity profile than cisplatin in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, oxaliplatin can induce sensory neuropathy and cumulative, dose-related toxicities. Thus, the capecitabine maintenance regimen may achieve the maximum treatment effect while reducing the cumulative neurotoxicity of oxaliplatin. This study aimed to compare the survival of patients with advanced GC between capecitabine maintenance and observation after 1st line XELOX chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Sixty-three patients treated with six cycles of XELOX for advanced GC in six hospitals of the Catholic University of Korea were randomized 1:1 to receive capecitabine maintenance or observation. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), analyzed using a two-sided log-rank test stratified at a 5% significance level. Results: Between 2015 and 2020, 32 and 31 patients were randomized into the maintenance and observation groups, respectively. After randomization, the median number of capecitabine maintenance cycles was 6. The PFS was significantly higher in the maintenance group than the observation group (6.3 vs. 4.1 months, P=0.010). Overall survival was not significantly different between the 2 groups (18.2 vs. 16.5 months, P=0.624). Toxicities, such as hand-foot syndrome, were reported in some maintenance group patients. Maintenance treatment was a significant factor associated with PFS in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 0.472; 95% confidence interval, 0.250-0.890; P=0.020). Conclusions: After 6 cycles of XELOX chemotherapy, capecitabine maintenance significantly prolonged PFS compared with observation, and toxicity was manageable. Maintenance treatment was a significant prognostic factor associated with PFS.

A Comparative Study of Stenting versus Surgical Bypass in Gastric Outlet Obstruction Caused by Gastric Cancer (위암 날문부 폐쇄 환자에게 시행한 치료의 비교고찰: 위-공장 우회술과 금속성 자가팽창성 스텐트 삽입술)

  • Jo, Seung-Jin;Yoon, Ki-Young;Choi, Kyung-Hyun;Park, Moo-In;Park, Seun-Ja;Ko, Ji-Ho;Lee, Sang-Ho
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
    • /
    • 제7권2호
    • /
    • pp.82-87
    • /
    • 2007
  • Purpose: In gastric cancer patients with gastric outlet obstruction, there are several complications such as malnutrition and vomiting. Palliative enteral stenting is a less invasive procedure as compared with a gastrojejunostomy. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was a significant difference between patients that undergone palliative enteral slanting and patients that had received a bypass gastrojejunostomy. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients underwent palliative entering stenting and 3f patients were subjected to a surgical bypass gastrojejunostomy. We reviewed the medical records of the patients with gastric outlet obstruction secondary to far advanced gastric cancer that were diagnosed using a gastrofibroscope, UGI and abdominal CT, and were admitted to our institution between January 2000 and August 2006. The outcome of stent placement for gastric outlet obstruction was compared with palliative gastrojejunostomy during the same period. We excluded patients with recurrent gastric cancer and double cancer from this study. Results: There were significant differences between the group of patients that underwent slanting and the group of patients that received a gastrojejunostomy regarding the age of patients ($67{\pm}12$ vs. $57{\pm}9$, P<0.001) but not between the sex of the patients (M : F, 2 : 1 vs. 2 :1, P=0.637). The most common complication of stenting was tumor ingrowth (16/100, 16%) and the second most common complication was stent migration (14/100). Failure of the procedure occurred in only three patients. Twenty-three patients underwent re-slanting and one patient required open conversion with a gastrojejunostomy. The median time to the first meal was $4{\pm}2$ days in the stent group of patients and $6{\pm}2$ days in the gastrojejunostomy group of patients (P=0.001). The median postoperative hospital stays were 9 days in the stent group of patients and 15 days in the gastrojejunostomy group of patients (P=0.003). The mean survival periods were 11 months in the stent group of patients and 10 months in the gastrojejunostomy group of patients (P=0.937). Conclusion: There were no significant differences In the mean survival rates. An earlier first meal and a shorter hospitalization stay were found in the slanting group of patients compared to the bypass gastrojejunostomy group of patients. However, re-slanting was a concern due to tumor ingrowth and stent migration.

  • PDF

Atherosclerotic Aneurysm of the Right Proximal Subclavian Artery - A case report - (우측 근위부 쇄골하동맥에 발생한 동맥경화성 동맥류 - 1예 보고 -)

  • Kim, Duk-Sil;Kim, Sung-Wan;Kim, Byung-Ki;Lee, Hyeon-Jae;Lee, Gun;Lim, Chang-Young
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • 제42권5호
    • /
    • pp.649-652
    • /
    • 2009
  • A 75-year-old man presented with worsening dyspnea and intermittent dysphagia of one month's duration. A plain chest X-ray showed severe tracheal indentation by the right superior mediastinal mass. A chest CT established the diagnosis of a saccular aneurysm arising from the right proximal subclavian artery. Resection of the aneurysm and arterial revascularization was done through a median sternotomy with supraclavicular extension. Aneurysm wall and thrombus culture results were negative and pathology showed an atherosclerotic aneurysm. After the operation, dyspnea and dysphagia were reduced, but he died of advanced stomach cancer 8 months later.

Lower Extremity Edema in Terminal Cancer Patients (말기 암 환자에서의 하지 부종)

  • Shim, Byoung-Yong;Hong, Seok-In;Park, Ji-Chan;Hong, Sug-Hui;Choi, Gang-Heun;Cho, Hong-Joo;Kim, Seon-Young;Han, Sun-Ae;Lee, Ok-Kyung;Kim, Hoon-Kyo
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
    • /
    • 제8권2호
    • /
    • pp.152-155
    • /
    • 2005
  • Purpose: The lower extremity edema (LEE) is a common distressful symptom in advanced cancer patients and is hard to manage. We analyze the characteristics of LEE in patients with advanced cancer to provide the basic information of causes and adequate management. Methods: Physical examination, assessment of the location and severity of edema, blood chemistry (albumin, creatinine), Doppler Sono for patients with suspecting deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and abdomen CT scan for patient with suspecting lymph edema were performed. Severity of edema was classified according to NCI lymph edema scaling and improvement was defined as lowering at least 1 grade of edema after management. Results: Among 154 patient who had been admitted to Hospice Ward from Mar 2003 to Jan 2004, 33 had LEE, and 6 had both upper extremity edema and LEE except generalized edema. Their underlying cancers were stomach (7), lung (6), biliary tract (5), liver (5), colorectal (5), pancreas (2), and others (9). There were 12 patient with grade I, 20 patients with grade II, and 7 patients with grade III edema. The causes were hypoalbuminemia (11), lymph edema (10), DVT (7), obstruction of inferior vena cava (IVC) or portal vein (6), and dependent edema (5). The common managements were including leg elevation and diuretics. Elastic stocking was applied for patients with DVT and leg massage and pneumatic compression was used for lymph edema. The 2/3 patients were improved after management. Conclusion: The incidence of LEE in terminal cancer pts was high (25.3%) and their causes were variable including lymph edema, DVT, hypoalbuminemia and dependent edema. Active noninvasive management according to causes could result in good palliation.

  • PDF

A Clinical Evaluation of Splanchnic Nerve Block (내장신경차단에 관한 임상적 연구)

  • Kim, Soo-Yeoun;Oh, Hung-Kun;Yoon, Duek-Mi;Shin, Yang-Sik;Lee, Youn-Woo;Kim, Jong-Rae
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
    • /
    • 제1권1호
    • /
    • pp.34-46
    • /
    • 1988
  • Intractable pain from advanced carcinoma of the upper abdomen is difficult to manage. One method used to control pain associated with these malignancies is to block off the splanchnic nerve. In 1919 Kappis described a technique by which the splanchnic nerve of the upper abdomen could be anesthetized, using a percutaneous injection. This method has been used for the relief of upper abdominal pain due to hematoma and cancer of the pancreas, stomach, gall bladder, bile duct, and colon. During the Period from November 1968 to January 1986, this method was used in 208 cases of malignancy at Severance Hospital and clinically evaluated. Patients were retroactively grouped according to the stage of development of technique used. Twelve patients who received the treatment in the period from November 1968 to March 1977 were designate4i as group 1, 26 patients from April 1977 to April 1979 as group 2, and 170 from May 1979 to January 1986 as group 3. The results are as follows: 1) The number of patients receiving splanchnic nerve block has been increasing since 1977. 2) A total of 208 patients, including 133 males and 75 females, ranging in age from 18 to 84 and averaging 51. 3) The causes of pain were stomach cancer 90, pancreatic cancer 69, and miscellaneous cancer 49 cases respectively. 4) There were 57.7% who had surgery. and 3.7% of whom had chemotherapy before the splanchnic nerve block was done. 5) These blocks were carried out with the patient in the prone position as described by Dr. Moore. For group 2 and 3, C-arm image intensifier was used. In group 1, a 22 gauze loom long needle was inserted at the lower border of the 12th rib on each aide about 7\;cm from the midline. The average distance from the midline was $6.60{\pm}0.61\;cm$ on the left side and $6.60{\pm}0.83\;cm$ on the right side in group 2, and $5.46{\pm}0.76\;cm$ on the left side and $5.49{\pm}0.69\;cm$ on the right side in group 3. The average depth to which the needle was inserted was $8.60{\pm}0.52\;cm$ on the left side and $8.74{\pm}0.60\;cm$ on the right side in group 2, and $8.96{\pm}0.63\;cm$ on the left side and $9.18{\pm}0.57\;cm$ on the right side in group 3. 6) The points of the inserted needles were positioned in the upper quarter anteriorly, 51.8% on the left side and 54.4% n the right side of the L1 vertebra by lateral roentgenogram in group 3. The inserted needle points were located in the upper and anterolateral part, of the L1 vertebra 68.5% on the left side and 60.6won the right side, on the anteroposterior rentgenogram in group 3. The needle tip was not advanced beyond the anterior margin of the vertebral body. 7) In some case of group 3, contrast media was injected before the block was done. It shows, the spread upward along the anterior mal gin of the vertebral body. 8) The concentration and the average amount of drug used in each group was as follows: In group 1, $39.17{\pm}6.69\;ml$ of 0.5% -l% lidocaine or 0.25% bupivacaine were injected for the test block and one to three days after the test block $40.00{\pm}4.26\;ml$ of 50% alcohol was injected for the semipermanent block. In group 2, $13.75{\pm}4.88\;ml$ of 1% lidocaine were used as the test block and followed by $46.17{\pm}4.37\;ml$ of 50% alcohol was injected as the semipermanent block. In group 3, $15.63{\pm}1.19\;ml$ of 1% lidocaine for test block followed by $15.62{\pm}1.20\;ml$ of pure alcohol and $16.05{\pm}2.58\;ml$ of 50% alcohol for semipermanent block were injected. 9) The result of the test block was satisfactory in all cases. However the semipermanent block was 83.3 percent of the patients in group 1 who received relief from pain for at least 2 weeks after the block, 73.1% in group 2, and 91.8% in group 3. In these unsuccessful cases, 2 cases in group 1 were controlled by narcotics but 7 cases in group 2 and 14 cases in group 3 received the same splanchnic nerve block 1 or 2 times again within 2 weeks. But, in some cases it was 3 to i months before the 2nd block and in 1 cases even 7 years. 10) The most common complications of splanchnic nerve block were hypotensino(25.5%) occasional flushing of the face, nausea, vomiting, and chest discomfort. 11) For the patients in group 3, the supplemental block most commonly used was a continuous epidural block; it was used as a diagnostic block and to afford relief from pain before the splanchnic nerve block was done. 12) The interval between the receiving of the alcohol block and discharge was from 5 to 8 days in 61 cases(31.1%) and from 1 to 2 days in 48 cases(24.5%). From the above results, it can be concluded that the splanchnic nerve block done in the prone position with pure and 50% alcohol immediately after an effective test block with 1% lidocaine under C-arm fluoroscopic control is satisfactory and reliable. How to minimize the repeat block is still a problem to be solved.

  • PDF

Endobronchial Metastasis of Extrapulmonary Malignancies (폐외 악성 종양의 기관지내 전이)

  • Kim, Do-Hoon;Park, Moo-Suk;Chung, Jae-Ho;Cheong, Jae-Hee;Kim, Se-Kyu;Chang, Joon;Kim, Sung-Kyu;Kim, Young-Sam
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • /
    • 제53권3호
    • /
    • pp.285-293
    • /
    • 2002
  • Background : The lung is the most common site for a metastasis of extrapulmonary malignant tumors. however, reports on an endobronchial metastasis are rare. An endobronchial metastasis is defined as a documented extrapulmonary neoplasms metastatic to the segmental or more proximal central bronchus within a bronchoscopically visible range. The purpose of this study was to define the clinical characteristics of an endobronchial metastasis of extrapulmonary malignancies. Materials and Methods : The clinical features and treatment outcomes of 27 endobronchial metastatic cancer cases were reviewed from June, 1991 to May, 2001 in the Severance Hospital. Results : The patients' age ranged from 18 to 75. There were 17 men and 10 women. The primary tumors included the colorectum in 7, the uterine cervix in 4, the stomach and the breast in 3 patients each, and an osteosarcoma in 2 patients. The main complaint of most patients was coughing and a chest X-ray revealed a hilar mass, a parenchymal, and an atelectasis. The mean recurrence interval time was 45.5 months. The median and mean survival times were 10 and 12.3 months, respectively. Conclusion : An endobronchial metastasis is an ominous finding, and is associated with advanced-stage diseases. It requires differential diagnosis with a primary bronchogenic carcinoma. If atypical clinical features are present or an atypical cell type is discovered by a biopsy of the lesion in the lung mass, the appropriate diagnostic studies should be undertaken.

Methylation of P16 and hMLH1 in Gastric Carcinoma (위암에서 P16 및 hMLH1 유전자의 메틸화)

  • Sung, Gi-Young;Chun, Kyung-Hwa;Song, Gyo-Yeong;Kim, Jin-Jo;Chin, Hyung-Min;Kim, Wook;Park, Cho-Hyun;Park, Seung-Man;Lim, Keun-Woo;Park, Woo-Bae;Kim, Seung-Nam;Jeon, Hae-Myung
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
    • /
    • 제5권4호
    • /
    • pp.228-237
    • /
    • 2005
  • Purpose: We investigated the impacts of the methylation states of the P16 and the hMLH1 genes on pathogenesis and genetic expression of stomach cancer and their relationships with Helicobater pylori infection, and with other clinico-pathologic factors. Material and Methods: In our study, to detect protein expression and methylation status of the P16 and the hMLH1 genes in 100 advanced gastric adenocarcinomas, used immunohistochemical staining and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and direct automatic genetic sequencing analysis. Results: Methylation of the P16 gene was observed in 19 out of 100 cases (19%) and in the 18 of those cases (94.7%) loss of protein expression was seen. We were sble to show that loss of P16 gene expression was related to methylation of the P16 gene (kappa coefficient=0.317, p=0.0011). Methylation of the hMLH1 gene was observed in 27 cases (27%), and in 24 cases of those 27 cases (88.8%), loss of protein expression was seen, which suggested that loss of protein expression in the hMLH1 gene is related to methylation of hMLH1 gene (kappa coefficient=0.675, P<0.0001). Also methylation of the hMLH1 gene was related to age, size of the mass, and lauren's classification. Conclusion: We found that methylation of DNA plays an important role in inactivation of the P16 and the hMLH1 genes. The methylation of the hMLH1 genes is significantly related to age, size of the mass, and lauren's classification.

  • PDF