• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6421-6423
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• 2014

Background: Recent studies have revealed a prognostic impact of the MPV (mean platelet volume)/platelet count ratio in terms of survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. However, there has been no direct analysis of the survival impact of MPV in patients with mCRC. The aim of the study is to evaluate the pretreatment MPV of patients with metastatic and non-metastatic colorectal cancer (non-mCRC) and also the prognostic significance of pretreatment MPV to progression in mCRC patients treated with bevacizumab-combined chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Fifty-three metastatic and ninety-five non-metastatic colorectal cancer patients were included into the study. Data on sex, age, lymph node status, MPV, platelet and platecrit (PCT) levels were obtained retrospectively from the patient medical records. Results: The MPV was significantly higher in the patients with mCRC compared to those with non-mCRC ($7.895{\pm}1.060$ versus $7.322{\pm}1.136$, p=0.013). The benefit of bevacizumab on PFS was significantly greater among the patients with low MPV than those with high MPV. The hazard ratio (HR) of disease progression was 0.41 (95%CI, 0.174-0.986; p=0.04). In conclusion, despite the retrospective design and small sample size, MPV can be considered a prognostic factor for mCRC patients treated with bevacizumab-combined chemotherapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.489-494
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• 2013

Background: Lung cancer is one of the commonest and most lethal cancers throughout the world. The epidemiological and pathological profile varies among different ethnicities and geographical regions. At present adenocarcinoma is the commonest histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in most of the Western and Asian countries. However, in India squamous cell carcinoma has been reported as the commonest histological type in most of the series. The aim of the study was to analyze the current clinico-pathological profile and survival of lung cancer at our centre. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 434 pathologically confirmed lung cancer cases registered at our centre over a period of three years. They were evaluated for their clinical and pathological profiles, treatment received and outcome. The available histology slides were reviewed by an independent reviewer. Results: Median age was 55 years with a male:female ratio of 4.6:1. Some 68% of patients were smokers. There were 85.3% NSCLC and 14.7% SCLC cases. Among NSCLCs, adenocarcinoma was the commonest histological subtype after the pathology review. Among NSCLC, 56.8% cases were of stage IV while among SCLC 71.8% cases had extensive stage disease. Some 29% of patients did not receive any anticancer treatment. The median overall and progression free survivals of the patients who received treatment were 12.8 and 7.8 months for NSCLC and 9.1 and 6.8 months for SCLC. Conclusions: This analysis suggests that adenocarcinoma may now be the commonest histological subtype also in India, provided a careful pathological review is done. Most of the patients present at advanced stage and outcome remains poor.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.150-158
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• 1992

연구배경 : 수술을 시행했던 비소세포폐암에서 유체세포계산법(flow cytometry)으로 DNA ploidy를 측정했을때 aneuploid 종양이 diploid 종양 보다 생존기간이 짧은 것으로 보고되어 있는데, 소세포폐암을 포함한 폐암에서 기관지 솔질에 의한 세포학적 표본을 이용하여 측정한 DNA ploidy가 치료에 대한 반응을 잘 예측할 수 있을 것인지 알아보고자 연구를 하였다. 방법 : 기관지내시경검사시에 기관지 솔질을 해서 얻은 표본으로 DNA ploidy 검사를 시행하였고 조직학적으로 폐암으로 확진되었던 109예를 대상으로 해부적 생리적 병기와 DNA ploidy와의 관계를 검토하였고, 치료를 시작한지 8주 이상 지나서 반응을 검토할 수 있었던 58예를 대상으로 DNA ploidy에 따른 반응의 차이를 검토하였다. 결과 : 1) 세포 형태에 따라 aneuploid 혹은 고증식력(S+G2M>22%)의 발현 빈도는 차이가 없었다. 2) DNA ploidy와 해부적 생리적 병기는 유의한 관계에 없었으나 비소세포폐암에서 고증식력군때는 저증식력군에 비해 해부적 병기가 진행된 경우가 많았다(p<0.05). 3) 치료에 대한 반응은 해부적 병기에 따라 차이가 있었으며(소세포폐암 p=0.10, 비소세포폐암 p<0.005), 생리적 병기에 따라서는 비소세포폐암에서만 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 4) DNA ploidy와 증식력에 따라서는 치료에 대한 반응에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 기관지 솔질 표본을 이용하여 시행한 DNA ploidy 검사는 고증식력 유무가 해부적 병기와 관계가 있었으나 치료에 대한 단기 반응을 예측하는 데는 해부적 생리적 병기만큼 유용하지는 않았다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제73권6호
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• pp.303-311
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• 2012

Background: This study was designed to analyze the efficacy of gefitinib as a second-line therapy, according to the clinical characteristics in Korean patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: In this Phase IV observational study, we recruited patients, previously failed first-line chemotherapy, who had locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC, and who were found to be either epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive or satisfied 2 or more of the 3 characteristics: adenocarcinoma, female, and non-smoker. These patients were administered with gefitinib 250 mg/day, orally. The primary endpoints were to evaluate the objective response rate (ORR) and to determine the relationship of ORRs, depending on each patient's characteristics of modified intent-to-treat population. Results: A total of 138 patients participated in this study. One subject achieved complete response, and 42 subjects achieved partial response (ORR, 31.2%). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that the ORR was significantly higher in patients with EGFR mutation-positive, compared to that of EGFR mutation-negative (45.8% vs. 14.0%, p=0.0004). In a secondary efficacy variable, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.7 months (95% confidence interval, 3.9~8.4 months) and the 6-month PFS and overall survival were 49.6% and 87.9%, respectively. The most common reported adverse events were rash (34.4%), diarrhea (26.6%), pruritus (17.5%), and cough (15.6%). Conclusion: Gefitinib was observed in anti-tumor activity with favorable tolerability profile as a second-line therapy in these selected patients. When looking at EGFR mutation status, EGFR mutation-positive showed strong association with gefitinib by greater response and prolonged PFS, compared with that of EGFR mutation-negative.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.591-602
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• 2018

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common type of malignancy worldwide, and the survival rate of patients with advanced-stage gastric cancer is low, even after receiving chemotherapy. Here, we validated neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) as a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer. We compared NTSR1 expression levels in sixty different gastric cancer-tissue samples and cells, as well as in other cancer cells (lung, breast, pancreatic, and colon), by assessing NTSR1 expression via semi-quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemistry and western blot. Following neurotensin (NT) treatment, we analyzed the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and further determined the effects on cell migration and invasion via wound-healing and transwell assays. Our results revealed that NTSR1 mRNA levels were higher in gastric cancer tissues than non-cancerous tissues. Both of NTSR1 mRNA levels and expression were higher in gastric cancer cell lines relative to levels observed in other cancer-cell lines. Moreover, NT treatment induced MMP-9 expression and activity in all cancer cell lines, which was significantly decreased following treatment with the NTSR1 antagonist SR48692 or small-interfering RNA targeting NTSR1. Furthermore, NT-mediated metastases was confirmed by observing epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers SNAIL and E-cadherin in gastric cancer cells. NT-mediated invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells were reduced by NTSR1 depletion through the Erk signaling. These findings strongly suggested that NTR1 constitutes a potential therapeutic target for the inhibition of gastric cancer invasion and metastasis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.776-784
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• 1997

서 론 : 비소세포폐암은 전체 폐암의 약 75%를 차지하고 있으며 조기 발견에 이은 외과적 절제가 유일한 완치방법으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 병기 III기에서는 정립된 치료방법이 없고 여러 종류 및 조합의 치료방법이 시도되고 있다. 이에 연구자들은 수술이 불가능한 병기 IIIA 및 악성흉수를 제외한 병기 IIIB의 과거 치료력이 없는 비소세포폐암 환자에서 cisplatin, etoposide 이용한 복합화학요법을 동시에 시행하여 그의 효과 및 순응성을 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1995년 10월부터 1996년 12월까지 원자력병원에 입원하여 조직학적으로 비소세포폐암으로 진단된 병기 III기의 환자중 수술이 불가능한 IIIA 및 IIIB의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 복합화학요법은 cisplatin 30mg/$m^2$/D, etoposide 80mg/$m^2$/D를 방사선요법과 동시에 시작하여 3일간 투여후 4주 간격으로 총 3회 투여하였고, 방사선요법은 5940cGy까지 진행후 치료효과를 평가하였다. 결 과 : 총 대상환자 32명 중 조기종료한 3명을 제외한 29명에서 평가가 가능하였으며, 완전관해는 없었고 부분관해 22명(75.9%), 불변 5명(17.2%), 치료중 진행하였던 경우가 2명(6.9%)으로 전체관해율은 75.9%, 중앙 생존기간 12.1개월, 1년 생존률은 50.6%로 나타났다. 치료에 의한 주된 독성은 백혈구감소로 WHO기준으로 3등급이상이 13명(45%)에서 나타났고 혈소판감소는 3등급이상이 3명(11%)에서 나타났으나 모두 회복되었고, 그밖에 오심과 구토는 대부분의 환자에서 2등급이하이었으며 방사성폐렴은 13명(46%)에서 나타났다. 결 론 : 수술이 불가능한 병기 IIIA 및 악성흉수를 제외한 병기 IIIB기 비소세포폐암환자에서 EP 복합화학요법과 방사선요법을 동시 병행한 치료는 비교적 안전하면서 효과적이었으며, 이에 대한 평가는 방사선요법을 단독으로한 치료와의 3상 연구를 요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.672-683
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• 2004

배경: 현재 폐암은 절제술, 항암약물치료, 방사선 요법 혹은 병합요법이 시도되고 있다. 그러나 진행 된 폐암의 경우는 치료의 결과가 만족스럽지 못하다. 예후를 예측하는 데 있어서도 현재 통용되는 TNM 분류에 의한 예후 예측에는 부족함이 있다. 폐암을 다른 측면에서 연구하여 원인 및 예후를 예측하는 것이 필요하리라 사료된다. 저자들은 세포의 자멸사에 관계하는 주요 조절자인 p53 유전자와 폐암 환자의 예후가 어떤 관계가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 폐암종으로 수술한 359명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. p53 유전자변이에 의해서 발현되는 p53 단백질의 축적을 면역조직화학적으로 염색하여 관찰하였다. 환자들의 임상정보를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: p53 단백질이 세포내 5% 이상 축적된 양성인 세포가 평균 약 40%에서 관찰되었다. p53 단백질밀도는 남자에서 44%, 여자에서 25%, 편평세포암종에서 49%, 선암종에서 38%이었다. 평편세포암종에서는 p53 단백질과 환자의 사망률과 유의한 관계를 가지고 있었다(p=0.025). TNM I 병기의 환자에서 p53 단백질과 추적기간이 유의한 관계를 가지고 있었다(p=0.010). 단일폐엽절제술을 시행한 군에서는 p53 단백질과 추적기간과 유의한 관계가 있었다(p=0.043). p53 단백질밀도는 단일폐엽절제술을 시행한 군과 전폐절제술을 시행한 군과는 유의한 차이가 있었다(p=0.044). 그리고 p53 단백질밀도는 종양세포의 분화도에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.009). 결론: 저자들은 일부 분류군에서 p53 단백질이 환자의 예후인자와 유의한 관계가 있음을 알게 되었고, p53 단백질의 밀도가 폐암종 환자 예후의 지표로서 가능성이 있음을 제안한다.5), 대동맥판막 폐쇄부전증의 정도는 평균 2.8$\pm$1.3도로 수술 직후에 비해 진행하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 추적관찰기간 중 6명(17.1%)의 환자에서 평균 38.3$\pm$21.8개월 째 대동맥판막에 대한 재수술이 시행되었으며, 2년, 5년, 8년 재수술 없이 생존할 확률은 각각 96.9$\pm$3.1%, 79.5$\pm$5.5%, 56.8$\pm$11.4%였다. 적절한 판막기능의 개선, 재수술 여부와 재수술 없이 생존할 확률과 관련하여 나이, 판막 협착 여부, 술 전 판막의 협착 정도나 폐쇄부전 정도, 판막의 형태 등을 분석하였을 때 유의한 인자는 없었다. 걸론: 대동맥판막 성형술은 수술에 따른 위험이 높지 않고 판막의 해부학적 구조에 따라 적절히 시행하면 훌륭한 단기 수술 결과를 가져올 수 있다. 소아 연령에서 대동맥 판막성형술은 장기적으로 실패율이 높지만 이 경우에도 술 후 일정 기간 적절한 판막 기능을 유지할 수 있어, 대동맥 판막 치환술 혹은 Ross 술식을 안전하게 할 수 있는 시기까지 수술을 연기할 수 있다. 판단된다.군인 폴리우레탄 인조 혈관 및 봉합편에 비해 일부 우수한 양상을 보였지만 본 실험의 범위내에서는 통계적 정량적 차이를 제시할 수는 없었다. 향후 보다 광범위한 동물 실험이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.된다.하고도 완전교정술 도달 확률이 높은 치료전략이라는 사실을 입증하였으며 주대동맥폐동맥혈관부행지의 크기나 숫자가 단일화하기 쉬운 형태학적 특징을 지닌 경우에는 조기에 일단계완전교정술을 시행하여 양호한 결과를 얻을 수 있다는 사실을 발견하였다. 반면 본 환아군 중 단일화술을 먼저

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.140-143
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• 2007

심한 암통증을 호소하는 폐암 환자에서 고용량 펜타닐 첩포($600{\mu}g/hr$)를 이용하여 통증의 완화를 경험하였기에 이를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.5697-5701
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• 2015

Background: Medicinal plants, especially examples rich in polyphenolic compounds, have been suggested to be chemopreventive on account of antioxidative properties. Punica granatum (PG) (pomegranate) is a well known fruit in this context, but its cytotoxicity in cancer cells has not been extensively studied. Here, we investigated the antiproliferative properties of a peel extract of PG from Iran in different human cancer cells. Materials and Methods: A methanolic extract of pomegranate peel (PPE) was prepared. Total phenolic content(TPC) and total flavonoid conetnt (TFC) were determined by colorimetric assays. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity. The cytotoxicity of different doses of PPE (0, 5, 20, 100, 250, 500, $1000{\mu}g/ml$) was evaluated by MTT assays with A549 (lung non small cell cancer), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), SKOV3 (ovarian cancer), and PC-3 (prostate adenocarcinoma) cells. Results: Significant (P<0.01) or very significant (P<0.0001) differences were observed in comparison with negative controls at all tested doses (5-$1000{\mu}g/ml$). In all studied cancer cells, PPE reduced the cell viability to values below 40%, even at the lowest doses. In all cases, IC50 was determined at doses below $5{\mu}g/ml$. In this regard, MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells were the most responsive cells to antiprolifreative effects of PPE with a maximum mean growth inhibition of 81.0% vs. 69.4%, 79.3% and 77.5% in SKOV3, PC-3 and A549 cells, respectively. Conclusions: Low doses of PPE exert potent anti-proliferative effects in different human cancer cells and it seems that MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells are the most cells and SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells the least responsive in this regard. However, the mechanisms of action need to be addressed.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2014

Purpose: To evaluate the predictive value of the early response of $^{18}F$-flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: FDG PET was performed before and during CCRT for 13 NSCLC patients. Maximum standardized uptake value ($SUV_{max}$), mean standardized uptake value ($SUV_{mean}$), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured and the changes were calculated. These early metabolic changes were compared with the standard tumor response by computed tomograms (CT) one month after CCRT. Results: One month after the completion of CCRT, 9 patients had partial response (PR) of tumor and 4 patients had stable disease. The percent changes of $SUV_{max}$ ($%{\Delta}SUV_{max}$) were larger in responder group than in non-responder group ($55.7%{\pm}15.6%$ vs. $23.1%{\pm}19.0%$, p = 0.01). The percent changes of $SUV_{mean}$ ($%{\Delta}SUV_{mean}$) were also larger in responder group than in non-responder group ($54.4%{\pm}15.9%$ vs. $22.3%{\pm}23.0%$, p = 0.01). The percent changes of MTV ($%{\Delta}MTV$) or TLG ($%{\Delta}TLG$) had no correlation with the tumor response after treatment. All the 7 patients (100%) with $%{\Delta}SUV_{max}{\geq}50%$ had PR, but only 2 out of 6 patients (33%) with $%{\Delta}SUV_{max}$ < 50% had PR after CCRT (p = 0.009). Likewise, all the 6 patients (100%) with $%{\Delta}SUV_{mean}{\geq}50%$ had PR, but only 3 out of 7 patients (43%) with $%{\Delta}SUV_{mean}$ < 50% had PR after CCRT (p = 0.026). Conclusion: The degree of metabolic changes measured by PET-CT during CCRT was predictive for NSCLC tumor response after CCRT.