• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2303-2307
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• 2014

Background: Renal cancer is a serious public health problem which may be under reported and registered in our setup, since the Karachi cancer registry documented only 43 cases out of 4,268 incident cancer cases over 3 year duration. Therefore we aimed to determine the clinicopathologic characteristics of adult renal tumors in our setup. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in histopathology department, Liaquat National Hospital and included total of 68 cases of adult renal tumors over 4 years. Detailed histopathologic characteristics of tumors were analyzed. Results: Mean age of patients was 56.4 (18-84) years. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was the most common cell type (78%) cases; followed by transitional/urothelial carcinoma (12.5%), leiomyosarcoma (4.7%), oncocytoma (1.6%), squamous cell carcinoma (1.6%) and high grade pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma (1.6%). Among 50 RCC cases; 62% were conventional/clear cell RCC (CCRCC) type followed by papillary RCC(PRCC), 24%; chromophobe RCC(CRCC), 6% and sarcomatoid RCC(SRCC), 8%. Mean tumor size for RCC was 7.2 cm. Most RCCs were intermediate to high grade (60% and 40% respectively). Capsular invasion, renal sinus invasion, adrenal gland involvement and renal vein invasion was seen in 40%, 18%, 2% and 10% of cases respectively. Conclusions: We found that RCC presents at an earlier age in our setup compared to Western populations. Tumor size was significantly larger and most of the tumors were of intermediate to high grade. This reflects late presentation of patients after disease progression which necessitates effective measures to be taken in primary care setup to diagnose this disease at an early stage.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 1994

his study was conducted to Investigate the occurrence of small brown planthopper (SBPH), LaodeIpahx striatellus Fallen, and the ind~cence 01 rice virus diseases by d~fferent seeding dates in dryseeded rice. The occurrerlce of SBPH was the highest an nce seeded in May 11, followed byMay 1, May 21 and May 31. However. SBPH dld not occur on the rice seeded in June 10 duelo the rice was emerged after peak occurrence of first generailon adult of SBPH. The occurrenceof the first generation adult of SBPH was May 11 and it was 3-day earlier than that of infantnce transplanting. The ~nd~cencofe rice vlrus diseases, rice stripe vilus (RSV) and rice black-streakeddwarf virus (RBSDV), was the most severe at seeding date May 11. and then followed by May1, May 21 and May 31 Thus the incidence of "ce virus diseases was closely related with thedensity of the first generat~on adult of SBPH Rice yield was decreased by later seeding dates, although rice yield from May 1 to May 21 was relatively stable and hqii compared with laterseeding dates. Accordingly, there was slgniilcant relatlonsh~p between rice yield and seeding datesice yield and seeding dates

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.1 s.32
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• pp.228-238
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• 2007

Objectives ; Sasang Constitional Medicine is a part of Korean traditional Medicine, and classify human constitution into four types. Scalp and hair is a part of skin. Skin is one of constitutional charasteristic element. So we researched a correlation between Sasang constitutions and Korean adult scalp and hair condition. This is a basic study to find constitution can be a important factor to care scalp and hair. Methods ; We examined Sasang constitutions and scalp and hair condition of 80 human who aged from 20-50. Scalp disease, dandruff was observed by video micro scope and sebum tape diagnosis. Thickness of hair was measured by Laser Scan Micrometer(LSM-3100). Itching sense and life habit was also investigated. Constitution diagnosis and scalp, hair diagnosis was investigated seperately as a blind test and the data was statistically analyzed with chi-square test, correlation analysis, one-way analysis of varience. Results ; 1. In Sasang Constitution, Taeumin group had significant tendency of oilily scalp. 70% of Taeumin group had oilily scalp. 2. The group of dry or oilily scalp had more itching sense and more sensativity of scalp compaired to neuter scalp group. 3. There was no correlation between height, weight, thickness of hair, itching sense, scalp disease and Sasang constitution. 4. There was correlation between loss of hair and drinking alcohol, obesity, curly hair, soft scalp. Conclusions ; Korean adult scalp and hair condition had correlation with Sasang constitution.

• BMB Reports
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.202-207
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• 2023

We investigated the neuroprotective effects of deca nano-graphene oxide (daNGO) against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y and in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced Parkinsonian rat model. An MTT assay was performed to measure cell viability in vitro in the presence of 6-OHDA and/or daNGO. The intracellular ROS level was quantified using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. daNGO showed neuroprotective effects against 6-OHDA-induced toxicity and also displayed ROS scavenging properties. We then tested the protective effects of daNGO against 6-OHDA induced toxicity in a rat model. Stepping tests showed that the akinesia symptoms were improved in the daNGO group compared to the control group. Moreover, in an apomorphine-induced rotation test, the number of net contralateral rotations was decreased in the daNGO group compared to the control group. By immunofluorescent staining, the animals in the daNGO group had more tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells than the controls. By anti-Iba1 staining, 6-OHDA induced microglial activation showed a significantly decrease in the daNGO group, indicating that the neuroprotective effects of graphene resulted from anti-inflammation. In conclusion, nano-graphene oxide has neuroprotective effects against the neurotoxin induced by 6-OHDA on dopaminergic neurons.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.187-192
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• 2023

Background: This study aimed to present the short- and midterm outcomes after complete atrioventricular canal defect (CAVC) repair using a single-patch technique. Methods: This study included 30 children who underwent surgical correction of the CAVC using a single-patch technique. Results: The median age of the patients was 5.7 months (interquartile range [IQR], 5.0-7.5 months), and 23 patients (76.7%) had type A CAVC. Fourteen patients (46.7%) were female and 17 (56.7%) had been diagnosed with Down syndrome. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0%. No deaths were observed during a median follow-up of 4 years (IQR, 3.5-5.0 years). Patients without Down syndrome were associated with late moderate mitral regurgitation (MR) (p=0.02). Late MR less than moderate degree was observed in 96.6%, 78.5%, and 50% of patients after 2, 4, and 5 years of follow-up, respectively, while late tricuspid valve regurgitation less than moderate degree was observed in 96.7%, 85.9%, and 59.0% of patients after 2, 4, and 6 years of follow-up, respectively. After a median follow-up of 4 years, only one patient had required surgical repair of a left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, which occurred 26 months after the first operation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for the type of CAVC, sex, Down syndrome, age, and weight revealed that the absence of Down syndrome was a risk factor for late moderate MR (MR-2) (odds ratio, 0.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.006-0.50; p=0.01). Conclusion: A single-patch technique for CAVC surgical repair is a safe method with acceptable short- and midterm results.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.88-93
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• 2013

Alexander disease (ALXD) is a rare demyelinating disease of the white matter of the brain that is caused by a mutation in the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) gene. The overexpression of GFAP in astrocytes induces a failure in the developmental growth of the myelin sheath. The neurodegenerative destruction of the myelin sheath of the white matter is accompanied by an accumulation of abnormal deposits of Rosenthal fibers in astrocytes, which is the hallmark of ALXD. The disease can be divided into four groups based on the onset age of the patients: neonatal, infantile, juvenile, or adult. Early-onset disease is more severe, progresses rapidly, and results in a shorter life span than late-onset cases. Magnetic resonance imaging and genetic tests are mostly used for diagnostic purposes. Pathological tests of brain tissue for Rosenthal fibers are definitive diagnostic methods. Therapeutic strategies are being investigated. Ceftriaxone, which is an enhancer of glial glutamate transporter (GLT-1) expression, is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of patients with ALXD. To date, there are no clinically available treatments. The cause, pathology, pathophysiology, inheritance, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of ALXD will be reviewed comprehensively.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.580-588
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine effects of decreased locomotor activity on mass, Type I and II fiber cross-sectional areas of ipsilateral and contralateral hindlimb muscles 21 days after establishing the Parkinson's disease rat model. Methods: The rat model was established by direct injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 50 ${mu}g$) into the left substantia nigra after stereotaxic surgery. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of two groups; the Parkinson's disease group (PD; n=17) and a sham group (S; n=8). Locomotor activity was assessed before and 21 days after the experiment. At 22 days after establishing the rat model, all rats were anesthetized and soleus and plantaris muscles were dissected from both ipsilateral and contralateral sides. The brain was dissected to identify dopaminergic neuronal death of substantia nigra in the PD group. Results: The PD group at 21 days after establishing the Parkinson's disease rat model showed significant decrease in locomotor activity compared with the S group. Weights and Type I and II fiber cross-sectional areas of the contralateral soleus muscle of the PD group were significantly lower than those of the S group. Conclusion: Contralateral soleus muscle atrophy occurs 21 days after establishing the Parkinson's disease rat model.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.74 no.2
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• pp.51-55
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• 2013

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a severe and rapidly progressive lung disease that can cause fatal respiratory failure. Since this disease exhibits totally different clinical features to other eosinophilic lung diseases (ELD), it is not difficult to distinguish it among other ELDs. However, this can be similar to other diseases causing acute respiratory distress syndrome or severe community-acquired pneumonia, so the diagnosis can be delayed. The cause of this disease in the majority of patients is unknown, even though some cases may be caused by smoke, other patients inhaled dust or drugs. The diagnosis is established by bronchoalveolar lavage. Treatment with corticosteroids shows a rapid and dramatic positive response without recurrence.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.341-344
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• 2020

Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) is a rare neurological genetic disease caused by deletion of the peripheral myelin protein 22 gene and presents in childhood or young adulthood. We report four cases of HNPP with typical and rare presentations, reflecting the broad clinical spectrum of this disease. Two patients presented with mononeuropathies that are frequently observed in HNPP; the remaining two presented with bilateral neuropathy or mononeuropathy anatomically present in the deep layer. This reflects the broad clinical presentation of HNPP, and clinicians should differentiate these conditions in young patients with monoparesis or bilateral paresis. Although HNPP is currently untreatable, early diagnosis in the emergency department can lead to early detection, eventually resulting in less provocation and recurrence which may cause early motor nerve degeneration.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.329-339
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• 2000

I got the following result from the bibliographic study of disease in relation to sexual psychology. The results are follows. 1. Sexual disorder is divided sexual disfunction, paraphilias, gender identity disorder, homosexuality and that is subdivided fetishism, transvestic fetishism, pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyerism, sexual masochism, sexual sadism, frotteurism, gender identity disorder of childhood, gender identity disorder of youth and adult, intersexual disorders. 2. In korean oriental medicine mainly refer to sexual disfunction, and sexual psychological disorder include Hwajeon(花癲), Buinmongio(婦人夢交), Guabusani disease(寡婦師尼病). 3. Social psychologic cause and, oedipus complex, sexual hormone induce sexual psychological disorder but in korean oriental medicine, recognized sexual psychological disorder place under the category of sexual disfunction. 4. The latest medicine has various medical treatment in sexual disorder as avoidence conditioning, medication, role playing, behavior modification, psychoanalysis theraphy but in korean oriental medicine has only medication theraphy, so need more introduction of medical treatment.