• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제12권sup1호
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• pp.62-71
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• 2009

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of pediatric liver disease. Similar to NAFLD in adults, NAFLD in children is associated with obesity and insulin resistance and requires liver histology for diagnosis and staging. However, significant histological differences exist between adult and pediatric NAFLD. The rise in childhood obesity has been accompanied by an increase in pediatric NAFLD. Age, gender and race/ethnicity are significant determinants of risk, and sex hormones, insulin sensitivity and adipocytokines are implicated in the pathogenesis of pediatric NAFLD. There is no consensus for treatment of NAFLD, however, data suggest that diet, exercise and some pharmacological therapies may be of benefit. To evaluate and effectively treat pediatric NAFLD, the pathophysiology and natural history of the disease should be clarified and non-invasive methods for screening, diagnosis, and longitudinal assessment developed.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.292-296
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• 1994

Main tobacco diseases were surveyed on tobacco plants in the northern Kyeongbuk area to evaluate the effectiveness of current disease control techniques from 1993 to 1994. The major disease in seedlings was the anthracnose (Colletotrichum tabacum) but the mosaic (TMV) in adult plants. Wild fire (Psedomonas syringae pv. tabaci) and hollow stalk (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora) were more severe in 1993 than those in 1994 because of more rain. Establishment of drain-outlet at the bottom of the temporary transplanting pot gave a significant reduction in anthracnose severity. Most farmers have ignored the protection effect of using milk during transplanting and the removal of diseased roots from the fields on mosaic (TMV). It was considered that the educating program on disease diagnosis and fungicide application might help farmers for the proper use of chemicals.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2017

Pediatric onset Crohn's disease (CD) tends to have complicated behavior (stricture or penetration) than elderly onset CD at diagnosis. Considering the longer duration of the disease in pediatric patients, the accumulative chance of surgical treatment is higher than in adult onset CD patients. Possible operative indications include perianal CD, intestinal stricture or obstruction, abdominal abscess or fistula, intestinal hemorrhage, neoplastic changes and medically untreatable inflammation. Growth retardation is an operative indication only for pediatric patients. Surgery can affect a patient's clinical course, especially for pediatric CD patient who are growing physically and mentally, so the decision should be made by careful consideration of several factors. The complex and diverse clinical conditions hinder development of a systemized treatment algorithm. Therefore, timing of surgery in pediatric CD patients should be determined with individualized approach by an experienced and well organized multidisciplinary inflammatory bowel disease team. Best long-term outcomes will require proactive post-operative monitoring and therapeutic modifications according to the conditions.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2022

Objectives The purpose of this case study is to report the improvement of hand foot and mouth disease after using Galgeunhaegi-tang Methods A Taeumin patient suffering from painful hand foot and mouth disease was treated with herb medicine Galgeunhaegi-tang, acupuncture and cupping therapy. Rhei radix et rhizoma was added or removed from herb medicine according to patient's stool condition. Severity of pain and general symptom was measured using Numerical Rating Scale(NRS), and the picture of patient's hand and foot was taken. Results & Conclusions After taking Galgeunhaegi-tang, symptoms including pain, rash, blisters, and general conditions improved as patient's stool condition improved from constipation to normal. In conclusion, this case report shows that Galgeunhaegi-tang can be effective to Taeumin hand foot and mouth disease patients.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2020

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is generally considered a childhood disease that exhibits various nonspecific clinical and radiological manifestations that mimic infection or malignancy. Here, we present a case of LCH involving the rib in an adult patient. CT and MRI revealed an expansile lytic lesion with periosteal reaction on the left 8th rib, suggesting a malignant bone tumor. Surgical resection was performed and histopathological examination was consistent with LCH. Owing to its rare occurrence in adults and nonspecific aggressive features, LCH should be included in the differential diagnosis of an aggressive-appearing rib lesion in both adults and children.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.64-74
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate what contents nurses want in the intensive major course of junior nursing college. Data were collected for four months from October 2002 to February 2003 by structured questionnaires. Subjects were 240 registered nurses in working at five hospitals and four public health centers and elementary or middle schools in the capital and its suburbs and country. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 8.0 program. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. Nurses working at hospitals want the programs which involve the contents as follows : emergency nursing/CPR, infection control, critical care, caner pt. care, pain control, hospice, pulmonary disease pt. care, analysis of lab. exam, heart disease pt. care, chronic disease pt. care, DM pt. care, digestive-system disease pt. care, nervous-system disease pt. care, elderly pt. care, immune-system disease pt. care, endocrine-system disease pt. care. 2. Nurses working at public health centers want the programs which involve the contents as follows : home nursing, family nursing, management of DM, HT, degenerative disease, and chronic liver disease, elderly pt. care, health education, maternity nursing, rehabilitation nursing. 3. Nurses working at elementary or middle schools want the programs which involve the contents as follows : prevention of drug abuse or misuse, sex education and consultation, health education, consultation technique, emergency care, prevention of child obesity, prevention and management of adult disease in children, teaching method, method of school health room management.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.33.1-33.7
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• 2023

Background: Laminitis is a complex and debilitating disease of horses. Numerous predisposing factors contribute to laminitis development, however the exact pathogenesis remains undetermined. Serum T4, cortisol, and histamine are components of the innate stress response and could play a causative or contributory role. Stress hormone concentrations in laminitis are largely unknown. Objective: To evaluate parameters associated with stress response in horses with laminitis, and compare these to healthy horses and horses with gastrointestinal (GI) disease. Methods: Thirty-eight adult horses presenting for non-medical conditions, GI abnormalities, or clinical laminitis were prospectively enrolled. Horses were assigned to the appropriate disease group (healthy, GI disease, and laminitis) and had blood drawn on presentation to the hospital. Samples were analyzed for plasma endogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone (eACTH), serum cortisol, serum thyroid hormone, and plasma histamine. Results: Stress hormone concentrations were significantly different between horses in the laminitis and GI disease groups. Plasma histamine levels were highest in horses with laminitis, compared with GI disease and controls. Both horses with laminitis and GI disease had increased plasma eACTH when compared to healthy horses. Horses with GI disease had higher serum cortisol concentrations than horses with laminitis or controls. Serum T4 was lower in horses with GI disease than in horses with laminitis and controls. Conclusions: Horses with laminitis had relative increases in both plasma histamine and eACTH concentrations. Serum T4 and cortisol concentrations of horses with laminitis did not differ significantly when compared to healthy horses. The role of stress hormones in equine disease warrants further investigation.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.53-55
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• 2021

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are rare genetic disorders characterized by weakness and fatigue resulting from impaired neuromuscular transmission. Genetic testing can confirm the diagnosis for some types of CMS; however, variations in genotype, clinical phenotypes, age at disease onset, and responses to treatment make diagnosis very difficult. Here we present two adult patients who had significant decremental responses in repetitive nerve stimulation testing and multi-minicore pathology, and who responded to treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.48-60
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to evaluate alcohol consumption and nutritional status in patients with alcoholic liver disease. The subjects were 80 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and 12 patients with alcoholic fatty liver. Also 57 alcoholics without liver disease, 32 patients with viral liver cirrhosis and 194 normal men were included as control groups. Data on anthropometric index, socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, dietary habits and dietary intakes were collected by individual interview. Alcoholic liver disease group had significantly lower triceps skinfold thickness and mid-uppr-arm circumferences than other groups. Socioeconomic status of alcholoci subjects was middle class or lower than that. The amount, duration and frequency of alcohol consumption were significantly higher and the quality of side dishes consumed with alcoholic beverage was significantly poorer in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis than others. Patients with alchololic liver disease ingested approximately 40% of daily caloric intake as alcohol and all alcoholic subjects had lower average intakes of protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins and minerals as compared with Korean adult average intakes. The results suggest that alcohol and poor dietary intake could cause malnutrition and might be two of the important risk factors to develop alcoholic liver disease in alcoholics. But other factors like genetic and immunological factors should be also considered in elucidating the causes of alcoholic liver disease. An extensive nutritional education should be emphasized for alcohol consuming population to prevent development of alcoholic liver disease.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2020

Objective : To analyze trends in the incidence and treatment of diseases associated with ischemic stroke, namely, cerebral infarction (CI), cerebral arterial stenosis (CASTN), and moyamoya disease (MMD), based on Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) data from 2008 to 2016. Methods : Data was extracted from the national health-claim database provided by the NHIS for 2008-2016 using International Classification of Diseases codes. The crude and age-standardized incidences of each disease (CI, CASTN without a history of CI, and MMD) were calculated; additional analyses were conducted according to age and sex. Trends in the number of patients undergoing treatment according to treatment method were analyzed for each disease using the Korean Classification of Diseases procedure codes. Results : In 2016, the total number of adults with newly diagnosed CI was 83939, reflecting a 9.4% decrease from that in 2008. The age-standardized incidence of CI in adults was 153.2 per 100000 person-years in 2016, reflecting a 37.2% decrease from that in 2008, while that of CASTN was 167.3 per 100000 person-years in 2016, reflecting a 73.3% increase from that in 2008. Among treated cases, the number of patients who underwent intra-arterial (IA) treatment, including IA fibrinolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, showed the most prominent increase, increasing at an annual rate of 25.8%. For CASTN, the number of cases treated with carotid artery stenting or balloon angioplasty (CAS) showed the most prominent increase, increasing at a rate of 69.8% over the 9-year period. For MMD, the total number of patients with newly diagnosed MMD and that with adult MMD demonstrated significantly increasing trends, while the number of pediatric patients with newly diagnosed MMD declined by 18.0% over the 9-year period. The age-standardized incidences of pediatric and adult MMD in 2016 were 2.4 and 3.4 per 100000 person-years, respectively. Conclusion : Although the incidence of CI showed a declining trend over a 9-year period, the number and proportion of patients treated for CI increased. Meanwhile, the incidence of CASTN and the number of patients treated for CASTN have demonstrated increasing trends since 2008. On the other hand, the number of patients diagnosed with pediatric MMD decreased, despite no significant change in the incidence. In contrast, the number of patients and the incidence of adult MMD increased. These trends reflect changes in the population structure, gains in the accessibility of imaging examinations, and the development of endovascular techniques.