• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.22-26
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• 2018

The goal of this study was to find out whether early maladaptive schemas (EMS) can be differentiated between the gifted adolescents and delinquent adolescents. Two groups of adolescents were recruited as participants to be surveyed. 144 gifted adolescents were taken from a gifted science and math education center, and 115 delinquent adolescents who had committed crime were taken from 4 police stations in the area of Gyungnam province in Korea. The Korean version of the Schema Inventory for Children was used to measure the level of the early maladaptive schemas (EMS). Stepwise discriminant function analysis yielded a function containing 5 maladaptive schemas (failure, unrelenting standards, vulnerability to harm and illness, loneness/mistrust/abuse, and subjugation), classifying 75.29 accurately into either gifted adolescents or delinquent adolescents. These results suggested that the types of adolescents (gifted adolescents, and delinquent adolescents) can be predicted based on early maladaptive schemas. The findings are discussed from the perspective of Schema Therapy and school counseling.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.1 s.79
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• pp.31-41
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• 2006

This study was to investigate differences in peer attachment, emotion regulation style and depression perceived by adolescents according to age and gender of adolescents. Also, aim that identifies variables which have influences on adolescents' depression. The subjects were 2279 middle and high school students(male 1150, female 1129) who live in Seoul and Kyonggi. All respondents answered by self-report questionnaire. The scales of emotion regulation style consist of three parts: support-seeking, avoidance/distraction, and active problem-solving. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, t-tset and stepwise multiple regression. The major findings were as follows. First, older male and female adolescents perceived less peer attachment than younger adolescents. Specially female adolescents showed more differences between older adolescents and younger adolescents. Second, male adolescents showed more avoidance/distraction style and active problem-solving style but less support-seeking style than female adolescents. Third, older adolescents perceived more depression than younger adolescents. Fourth, peer attachment, age, avoidance/distraction style, active problem-solving style, support-seeking style and gender had a significant effect on adolescents' depression. In other words, adolescents who had more avoidance/distraction style and support-seeking style, who had less peer attachment and active problem-solving style, who had more avoidance/distraction style and support-seeking style, who had less peer attachment and active problem-solving style, who was older adolescents than younger adolescents, and who was female adolescents than male adolescents perceived more depression. The study results suggest that the degree of peer attachment was the most powerful predictor of adolescents' depression.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.49-60
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to explore the nature of adolescents' relationships with intimate and important people in their lives who are seniors to them. A sample of 1,220 adolescents was surveyed with a questionnaire. The questionnaire included questions on perceived support from non-parental senior figures as well as on adolescents' self-esteem. The results showed that. (a) Adolescents perceived their relatives to be more important than their teachers. (b) Male adolescents perceived support from a larger number of relatives than their female counterparts, whereas female adolescents perceived more support from their close senior figures than their male counterpart. (c) Adolescents' perception of support was different by their father's occupational status. (d) Overall, male adolescents's self-esteem was higher than female adolescents. The adolescents whose fathers held higher-status occupations had higher self-esteem than the adolescents whose fathers held lower-status occupations. (e) Male adolescents' self-esteem was affected by their GPA, father's occupational status, and the number of seniors whom they met on internet, and the amount of perceived support. Female adolescents' self-esteem was affected by father's occupational status and the amount of perceived support.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.363-373
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• 2015

This study examined the direct and indirect influences of parental behavioral control on adolescents' school related adjustment by exploring pathways between parental behavioral control, adolescents' anxiety, and school related adjustment. Participants were composed of 319 high school 1st graders (153 male and 165 female students) from the Seoul area. They completed questionnaires on parental behavioral control, adolescents' anxiety, and adolescents' school related adjustment. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients, Factor Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling. It was adapted to SPSS version 19.0 and Amos version 21.0 for Windows. The results indicated that adolescents' anxiety partially mediated the association of parental behavioral control and adolescents' school related adjustment. More concretely, direct effect of adolescents' anxiety on adolescents' school related adjustment were slightly greater than the direct/indirect effects of parental behavioral control on adolescents' school related adjustment. The effect of adolescents' anxiety on adolescents' school related adjustment was the greatest among all associations between research variables. The findings of this study have implications for research and practice that highlights the important considerations for proper parental behavioral control and reducing adolescents' anxiety that should be emphasized to improve adolescents' school related adjustment. We believe that improved parental behavioral control needs to be emphasized when designing prevention and parent intervention education programs for adolescents' psychological problem and school related adjustment.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.101-112
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• 2007

The primary purpose of this study was to explore the parent and peer attachment of both American parenting and nonparenting adolescents. Do parenting adolescents differ from nonparenting adolescents in their attachment to their parents and peers? A convenience sample of 190(81 parenting and 109 nonparenting) adolescents were recruited and participated in the current study. The short form of The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment(IPPA) developed by Armsden and Greenberg(1987) was used to measure attachment to their parents and peers. Overall, both parenting and nonparenting adolescents had more positive relationships with their peers than their mothers and only one significant difference in attachment between parenting and nonparenting adolescents were found in the present study. Parenting adolescents reported having less communication with their peers/friends than nonparenting adolescents. Implications and recommendations for future research are presented.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the postural habits, body image, and peer attachment of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and healthy adolescents, and to examine the correlation between body image and peer attachment in each group. Methods: Eighty-three adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and 83 healthy adolescents were recruited from 4 middle schools located in W city. Data were collected from November 22 to December 6 2010 using a structured questionnaire including items about postural habits, body image, and peer attachment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, $X^2$-test, independent t-test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results: Compared to healthy adolescents, adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis were more likely to use one hand, to lean back while seated, and to put weight on one leg while standing. The score for body image was significantly lower for adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis compared to healthy adolescents, but peer attachment was not significantly different between the two groups. Body image was significantly correlated with peer attachment only for the adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Conclusion: Interventions to promote balanced postural habits in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis are needed. Information on body image and peer attachment for these adolescents should also be considered when developing interventions.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.140-145
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• 2009

Objectives : This study explored the differences in their ego defense mechanisms between adolescents with conduct disorder and normal adolescents. Methods : Subjects were 35 adolescents with conduct disorder and 44 normal adolescents. The Ewha Defense Mechanism Test (EDMT), consisting of 200 items and 20 scales, was administered, to examine the defense mechanisms of both groups of adolescents. Results : Normal adolescents presented statistically significantly higher scores on the reaction formation, controlling, suppression, anticipation, dissociation, and distortion scales than did adolescents with conduct disorder. Zn addition, adolescents with conduct disorder used neurotic defense mechanisms of both neurotic and mature levels less frequently than normal adolescents did. Factor analysis revealed that, normal adolescents had higher scores on ego-expansive factor scales and behavior control factor scales thanadolescents with conduct disorder did. Conclusion : The results suggest adolescents with conduct disorder use mature and ego-expansive defense mechanisms less frequently than do normal adolescents.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2013

This study examined the factors that influenced school adaptation by adolescents from non-military families and military families; subsequently, our research targeted 387 middle school children located in Chungnam province. Questionnaires were used and data analysis was conducted by t-tests and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: First, adolescents from non-military families perceived higher levels of attachment to fathers and self-esteem than adolescents from military families. However, the stress level for adolescents from military families was higher than adolescents from non-military families and adolescents from non-military families adapted better to school than adolescents from military families. Secondly, family dynamic, attachment to fathers, and stress influenced school adaptation by adolescents of non-military families and family dynamic and the attachment to friends influenced the adaptation to school by adolescents from military families.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.99-107
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• 2015

This study purposed to analyze difference in experience of life in Korea among adolescents whose immigrant backgrounds were different (Korean-born children of multicultural families and foreign-born immigrant children) using the data of the 2012 National Survey of Multicultural Families (adolescent children aged between 9 and 24). According to the results of analysis, first, multicultural adolescents with immigrant backgrounds experienced 'difficulty in using the Korean language (speaking, listening, reading, and writing),' 'school dropout,' and 'school violence' more frequently than Korean-born multicultural adolescents. Second, with regard to social discrimination (friends, teachers, relatives, neighbors, and unknown people), multicultural adolescents with immigrant backgrounds experienced 'discrimination by teachers,' 'discrimination by relatives,' 'discrimination by neighbors,' and 'discrimination by unknown people' more frequently than Korean-born multicultural adolescents. By analyzing these differences, this study suggested directions for differentiated support policies and specific strategies for adjustment to life in Korea by multicultural family adolescents with different backgrounds.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.113-122
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• 2004

This study examined. the acculturation type and adjustment of 914 Korean-Chinese adolescents living in Shenyang and Harbin, China. Adolescents completed a questionnaire consisted of items regarding acculturation, school adjustment, expectation of education, and internal locus of control: The results are summarized as follows: 1) Adolescents in Shenyang spoke more chinese and showed lower internal locus of control than adolescents in Harbin. 2) Adolescents in Shenyang showed more integration and assimilation types, while adoelscents in Harbin showed more separation type. 3) Adolescents in Shenyang showed difference in their adjustment across acculturation types, while adolescents in Harbin did not. In Shenyang, adolescents of integration and assimilation showed higher expectation of education, and adolescents of separation revealed higher internal locus of control.