• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2010

Tic disorders, including Tourette syndrome, are known as neurobiologic disorders and as such, much emphasis has been placed on isolating genetic determinants. Although previous reports involving studies of discordance among monozygotic twins have shown the importance of genetic predisposition, they have also supported a role for environmental factors in the development of tic disorders. Therefore, it is important to consider that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to their clinical expression. The goal of this article was to review recent reports regarding the role of environmental factors in development and progression of tics. Specific environmental factors associated either with a more severe course of illness or improved outcomes were discussed. Given that accumulating evidence had suggested the usefulness of behavior therapies in the suppression of tic disorders, particular emphasis was placed on the impact of several contextual factors.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2012

Early detection and intervention is critical in improving prognosis of developmental disorders. Developmental delay can have many different causes and the clinical features of developmental delay are diverse according to its etiologic causes and severity. The vast and rapid growth of the child's neurobehavioral repertoire from birth through adolescence requires the physician's abundant experience, knowledge, and understanding of development. Here, we summarize instruments for use in neurodevelopmental assessment of infants and toddlers, focusing on motor development, which is the most frequent complaint listed in the developmental clinic.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권8호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2010

The major purpose of this study was to explore mediating effects of narcissism on the relationship between paternal maternal psychological control, over-expectation, and adolescent aggression. This study's participants were 678 boys and girls selected from second and third graders at middle schools in Busan. The major findings were as follows. First, there were gender differences in paternal psychological control, fathers' over-expectation, mothers' over-expectation, and adolescents' overt aggression. Second, boys' overt aggression indirectly affected fathers' psychological control and mothers' over-expectation through boys' narcissism. Third, girls' relational aggression indirectly affected fathers' psychological control and mothers' over-expectation through girls' narcissism and directly affected fathers' psychological control. Finally, girls' overt relational aggression indirectly affected fathers' and mothers' over-expectation through girls' narcissism.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권9호
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• pp.113-123
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate how parenting and peer relationships influence the development of adolescent self-concept by using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). The subjects were 198 first graders (94 male and 104 female) from four high schools within the Seoul area. Descriptive and comparative statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS (Version10.0), while AMOS (Version 4.0) was used to assess structural equation modelling of parenting, peer relationship and the self-concept. Results showed that, in terms of correlation, more positive parenting behaviors induced more positive self-concept. In addition, better peer relationships demonstrated more positive self-concept. Regression analysis showed that peer relationships explained the variance in adolescents' self-concept more effectively than parenting behavior. This was confirmed by the SEM.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.79-81
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• 2021

The film "The World of Us (2016)" shows the acquisition and loss of friendship that occur in the process of interpersonal shifts in latency school girls. Connection to the peer group helps compensate for the latency child's loss of parent-child intimacy and the ensuing feelings of loneliness. The protagonists realize that the relationship is not for retaliation or for victory, but for playing together. However the reality that lies in front of them will not be so easy. Watching this film reminds one of childhood.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.319-346
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• 2006

본 연구는 청소년들의 음주 관련 상황을 탐색하고 한국적 상황에 적합한 청소년 음주예방프로그램의 기초 자료를 제공하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 포커스집단 연구방법을 활용하고 지속적 비교방법을 통하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 청소년의 음주 관련 상황은 술 마시는 이유, 술 마시지 않는 이유, 음주 상황, 첫 음주 경험 등 4개의 상위 범주로 분류되었고, 16개의 하위 범주와 93개의 개념이 도출되었다. 제시된 개념을 중심으로 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청소년들이 술을 마시는 이유는 개인의 심리적 상태, 술에 대한 긍정적 인식, 가족 영향, 또래 영향, 교사 영향, 술에 대한 사회적 태도로 나타났다. 둘째, 청소년들이 술을 마시지 않는 이유는 개인의 건강 상태, 술에 대한 부정적 인식, 부모감독, 경제적 상황, 술 구입의 어려움으로 확인되었다. 셋째, 청소년들이 술을 마시는 상황은 가족 상황, 학교, 또래 모임으로 나타났다. 넷째, 첫 음주 동기는 어른의 권유와 또래 모임, 음주 장소는 집, 공공장소 등으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 청소년 음주예방프로그램을 위한 실천적 방법들이 제시되었다.

• 신경정신의학
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.190-208
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• 2018

Objectives To initiate and develop a treatment guideline in multidisciplinary approaches for related professions who are either working and/or living with children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders who show behavioral problems. Methods To collect and reflect opinions from multiple professions who assumedly have different interventions or mediations on behavioral problems, a self-report survey and Focus Group Interview (FGI) were conducted for a group of child and adolescent psychiatrists, behavioral therapists, special education teachers, social welfare workers, and caregivers. Results According to a self-report survey and FGI results from multiple professional groups, aggressive behavior is the mostly common behavioral problem necessitating urgent interventions. However, both mainly used intervention strategies and effective treatment methods were different depending on professional backgrounds, such as pharmacological treatment, parent training, and behavior therapy, even though they shared an importance of improving communication skills. In addition, there was a common understanding of necessity to include parent training in a guideline. Lastly the data suggested lack of proper treatment facilities, qualified behavior therapists, and lack of standardized treatment guideline in the field needed to be improved for a quality of current therapeutic services. Conclusion It is supported that several subjects should be included in the guidelines, such as how to deal with aggressive behavior, parent training, and biological aspects of neurodevelopmental disorders. Also, it is expected that publishing the guideline would be helpful to above multiple professions as it is investigated that there are lack of treatment facility and qualified behavioral therapists compared to need at the moment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.47-66
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• 2002

성학대는 여러 종류의 아동학대 유형들 중 가장 심각한 정서적-인지-행동 상의 휴유증을 남긴다고 알려져 있다. 최근 $4{\sim}5$년간 아동과 청소년에 대한 성폭력과 성학대에 대한 사회적 관심이 국내에서도 크게 늘고 있고, 실제 임상에서도 성학대나 성폭력을 당한 소아-청소년을 자주 접하게 된다. 그러나 아직까지 이들에 대한 적절한 치료와 가이드를 제공하고 있지는 못하고 있는 것 같다. 이에 본 고에서는 성학대의 개념을 고찰하고, 정신병리로 연결되는 병태생리를 폭넓게 고찰하였으며, 성학대로 인한 단기 및 장기 휴유증에 대해 살펴보았고, 성학대 아동에 대한 적절한 초기치료전략과 현재까지의 치료결과에 대한 보고들을 종합하였다. 향후 성학대 및 성폭력에 희생된 아동과 그 부모를 위한 치료프로그램의 개발과 국가적 예방 및 치료사업에 소아-청소년 정신과 의사들의 적극적인 참여를 기대해 본다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.110-119
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• 1996

1908년에 Heller는 일정한 기간 동안 정상적인 발달 과정을 밟다가 발달적 퇴행을 하는 소아를 관찰한 후 '유아기 치매'라고 명명하여 보고하였다. 그러나 후속 연구가 부족하여 정확한 개념 정립이 안된 상태에서 그 명칭도 유아기 치매, Heller 증후군, 붕괴성 정신병, 붕괴성 장애, 소아기 붕괴성 장애 등 여러가지로 사용되어 왔다. 최근에 DSM-IV및 ICD-10에 의해 소아기 붕괴성 장애라는 독립된 진단명으로 자리잡게 되면서 이에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있지만, 지금까지 이에 대한 연구가 부족하여 그 개념, 특성, 자폐증 및 유사한 다른 병들과의 관련성, 그리고 병의 치료 및 예후 등에 대한 지식이 충분하지 못한 상태다. 따라서 국내에서는 아직 이 병에 대한공식적인 보고가 없는 실정이다. 본 저자들은 소아기 붕괴성 장애로 생각되는 1례를 경험하였기에 이것을 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare two subtypes of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and controls in their attention using ADHD diagnostic system (ADS), a kind of continuous performance test. Methods : Subjects of this study were 8 children with ADHD-predominantly inattentive type, 28 children with ADHD-combined type and 20 control children. Ages ranged from 5 to 14 years. The Korean Educational Development Institute version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (KEDI-WISC) and the ADS were administered to all subjects to provide measures of intelligence and attention. Results : Significant differences were found in the ADS variables for the three groups. When compared with controls, the ADHD-predominantly inattentive type children scored significantly higher on the omission error at middle stage and later stage and ADHD-combined type children scored significantly higher on the omission error and reaction time at later stage. When compared with the other two groups, the ADHD-combined type children scored significantly higher on the commission error at all three stages. Conclusion : Our results suggest that the two subtypes of ADHD have different features in attention deficit. And there was a possibility that commission error is available variable to show cognitive characteristics of ADHD-combined type than any other ADS variables. Further studies are needed to evaluate this finding.