• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2015

Objectives This study was carried out to investigate the experimental effects of Lonicerae Caulis and Bee-venom Acupuncture in Yanglingquan (陽陵泉, GB34) that have clinical efficacy in the Rheumatoid Arthritis. Methods Materials of present study are Lonicerae Caulis Extracts (LCE), Bee-Venom Acupuncture (BVP), Sprague-dawley rats (250 g or so, ♂), and various kinds of needing experimental studies. We measured several experimental items of the rats with the arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (0.2 ml/kg), such as body weight, rate of paw edema, analgesic effect by hot plate method, WBC, TNF-${\alpha}$ cytokine and IL-10 cytokine. Rats were divided into four groups; Normal group that was treated with normal saline 1.0 ml (o.p) and $15{\mu}l/kg$ (GB34) to normal rats, Control group that was treated with normal saline 1.0 ml (o.p) and $15{\mu}l/kg$ (GB34) to pathologic model rats induced by Freund's complete adjuvant 0.2 ml/kg, Experimental group A that was treated with LCE 1.0 ml (o.p) and normal saline $15{\mu}l/kg$ (GB34) to pathologic model rats induced by Freund's complete adjuvant 0.2 ml/kg and Experimental group B that was treated with LCE 1.0 ml (o.p) and BVP $15{\mu}l/kg$ (GB34) to pathologic model rats induced by Freund's complete adjuvant 0.2 ml/kg, and the experiment took over after 28 days. The results were analysed using SPSS for windows 12.0. Results Experimental group A showed the increase in body weight, paw licking times and IL-10 cytokine compared to Control group. Also it was decreased in rate of paw edema, WBC, and TNF-${\alpha}$ cytokine compared with Control group. Experimental group B showed the increase in body weight, paw licking times, and IL-10 cytokine compared to Control group, and showed the decrease in rate of paw edema, WBC and TNF-${\alpha}$ cytokine compared to Control group. Especially TNF-${\alpha}$ cytokine and rate of paw edema were accepted statistical significance compared with Control group. Conclusions It is suggested that Lonicerae Caulis (o.p) and Bee-venom Acupuncture (GB34) can be used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.736-744
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• 2021

강화사자발쑥(Artemisia princeps Pampanini)은 항산화, 항염증 및 항균제와 같은 면역 기능 관련 질병에 널리 사용되는 약초이다. 이 연구에서 우리는 RAW 264.7 세포에서 AP 추출물의 항염증 효과를 조사하고 관련 메커니즘을 평가하였다. AP 추출물의 효과는 complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) 유도 관절염 및 lipopolysaccharide(LPS) 유도 마우스 모델에서도 평가되었다. RAW 264.7 세포에서 AP 추출물은 LPS에 의해 유도 된 산화질소(NO) 생성과 inducible NO synthase 및 cyclooxygenase-2 단백질 발현을 현저하게 억제했다. RAW 264.7 세포에서 LPS로 유도된 mitogen-activated protein kinase 와 nuclear factor-κB의 인산화 또한 AP 추출물에 의해 유의하게 억제되었다. AP 추출물의 경구 투여는 CFA 처리 마우스 그룹에 비해 발의 부종 및 비장 지수 증가를 억제하였다. 조직학적으로 CFA 처리 마우스 군에서는 cartilage와 synovium에서 염증 세포의 침윤이 증가한 반면 AP 추출물 투여군에서는 억제되었다. 더욱이, AP 추출물은 염증성 사이토카인으로 알려진 tumor necrosis factor-α 수준을 CFA 및 LPS 처리 마우스 모델에서 현저하게 감소시켰다. 결론적으로, AP 추출물의 항염증 및 항 관절염 효과는 in vitro 및 in vivo 모델 모두에서 확인되었으며, 이는 Artemisia princeps Pampanini가 관절염 치료의 후보 물질이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.4683-4688
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• 2014

Background: Breast conservation treatment (BCT) has long been recognised to provide survival outcomes equivalent to mastectomy for the treatment of breast cancer. However, published reports of BCT rates in Asian communities are lower than those from Western countries. This study sought to investigate the eligibility and utilisation of BCT in a predominantly Asian population. Materials and Methods: All patients treated surgically by a single surgeon at a private medical facility between 2009 and 2011 were included in the study. Patients were deemed to have successful BCT if they underwent breast conserving surgery with pathologic clear margins and completed all recommended adjuvant treatment. Those who did not complete adjuvant treatment were excluded from the analysis. Results: Data from a total of 161 patients who underwent treatment during the study period were analysed. The mean age was 48.8 years. One hundred and six patients (65.8%) were of Chinese ethnicity, 12 were Indian (7.5%), 11 were Malay (6.8%), 18 were Caucasian (11.2%) and 14 (8.7%) were of other Asian ethnicity. One hundred and thirty-eight women (85.7%) underwent BCT. Of the 23 (14.3%) who underwent mastectomy, 8 (5.4%) elected to undergo a mastectomy despite being eligible for BCT. In total, it was assessed that 146 of 161 patients (90.7%) were eligible for BCT and utilisation was 94.5%. Conclusions: In this study, eligibility, utilisation of BCT and eventual successful breast conservation rates are similar to published rates in Western communities. Additional research is needed to investigate the reasons for the lower published BCT rates in Asian countries and determine ways to improve them.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1994

Despite optimal local therapy such as surgery and/or radiotherapy, the long term outcome is poor for patients with advanced squamous cell carcinomma of head and neck, due to frequent loco-regional recurrence and distant metastases. We studied to determine whether the combination chemotherapy, especially as an adjuvant chemotherapy, would improve the survival of these patients. Between January, 1986 and December, 1992, 57 patients with previously untreated, locally advanced squamous cell arcinoma of head and neck were assigned to receive 2-3 cycles of induction chemotherapy consisting of 5-fluorouracil(F) and cisplatin(P) every 3 weeks and standard local therapy such as surgery and/or radiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with the same FP regimens. Of the 57 enroled patients, 45 patients were evaluable. The obtained results were as following: 1) Among 45 evaluable patients, 18 patients finished all treatment protocol including adjuvant chemotherapy and 27 patients had no adjuvant chemotherapy. The difference of age, sex, performance status, disease stage, and tumor differentiation was not significant statistically between adjuvant chemotherapy group and no-adjuvant chemotherapy group. 2) After induction chemotherapy, 7/45(15.4%), 30/45(67%) achieved complete remission and partial remission respectively with 82.4% overall response rates in entire patients. 3) The 4year progression free survival was 43.3% in adjuvant chemotherapy group and 24.1% in no-adjuvant chemotherapy group(p>0.05). The 4year overall survival was 56.9% and 25.5% respectively(p>0.05). There was no significant different in the patterns of local recurrence and distant metastasis between the two groups. 4) Adverse reactions from combination chemotherapy included nausea, vomiting, mucositis, diarrhea and hematologic bone marrow depression. These were mild and tolerated by patients, and these was no episode of any life threatening toxicities. In conclusion, adjuvant chemotherapy after induction chemotherapy and local therapy did not show statistically significant survival improvement, but there was trend of prolongation of survival when compared to no adjuvant chemotherapy. Thus, large scale phase III randomized controlled studies are strongly recommended.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Purpose: This study reviewed articles related to breast cancer, cognitive function and chemotherapy available in 4 databases. Methods: The researcher reviewed 32 pieces of literature that were published between January 2001 and November 2011. Results: Within the last decade, several studies have investigated whether adjuvant treatment of breast cancer affects cognitive function. A number of prospective studies have reported inconsistent results regarding whether chemotherapy affects cognitive function. Approximately half of the studies reported subtle cognitive decline in a wide range of domains among some breast cancer patients following chemotherapy, and others did not. Conclusion: Breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy showed the most deterioration and the most persistent decline in cognitive function. Since cognitive impairment is subtle, if evident at all, discrepant findings are due to hormonal, physiological, psychological or temporal confounding variables and differences in study design. Especially, that chemotherapy may impair memory, executive function, attention and visuospatial function in women with breast cancer.

• 생약학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.86-92
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• 1998

Chang-Back-San and Chil-Mi-Chang-Back-San have been used for the treatment of neuralgia and arthritis in traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory activities of Chang-Back-San and Chil-Mi-Chang-Back-San water extract (CBSE and CCBSE) on the carrageenin induced edema, Corton oil induced granuloma pouch, and adjuvant arthritis in rats were examined. The analgesic effects of the CBSE and CCBSE were also investigated utilizing acetic acid induced writhing syndrome in mice. The oral administration of CBSE and CCBSE showed to have the anti-inflammatory activities in 1% carrageenin induced edema in rats. They also showed significant inhibitory effects on granuloma and exudate formation in rats. In the method of adjuvant arthritis, they orally administered for 19 days, inhibited the hind paw edema in rats from 3rd day to 19th day, especially CCBSE has the efficacy more than CBSE. They significantly decreased the number of writhing syndromes induced by acetic acid in mice. In the present study, CBSE and CCBSE were indicated to have the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.187-201
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was to investigate the effect of high frequency electro-acupuncture (EA) at $ST_{36}$ acupoint on the Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis in rats. Methods : Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of FCA into base of tail. Experimental groups were divided into 4 groups; Normal, Control, $ST_{36}$ and Non-Acupoint (NA). $ST_{36}$ group was treated by 120Hz EA at $ST_{36}$ acupoint. Body weight, paw edema volume and ankle joint thickness were measured after treatment. And we investigated the effects of 120Hz EA via WBC count, segmen neurophil, lymphocyte, PGE2 assay and NADPH-d histochemistry. Results and Conclusions : The mean of body weight and ankle joint thickness of $ST_{36}$ group was increased compared with control group. The mean of paw edema volume, WBC count, segment neutrophil and lymphocyte of were not decreased with control group. The mean of PGE2 concentration ($1,851.00{\pm}160.11$) and NADPH-d positive neurons ($13.12{\pm}1.23$) were changed significantly (p

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2012

To examine the potentiation of Macrolepiota procera extracts (MPE-4) to act as adjuvant enhancing the tumor specific anti-tumor immune response, tumor vaccine prepared by boiling (HK vaccine) admixed with MPE-4 and immunized in mice. Vaccination of mice with HK vaccine in combination with MPE-4 resulted in higher inhibition in tumor metastasis compared with the mice of HK vaccine alone treatment against live syngeneic tumor cell challenge. The splenocytes from mice immunized HK vaccine mixed with MPE-4 was able to elicit a stronger cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response as compared with HK vaccine alone. In addition, the splenocytes from MPE-4 admixed HK vaccine immunized mice secreted a higher concentration of Th1 type cytokine such as IFN-${\gamma}$, and GM-CSF. Furthermore, the adoptive transfer of splenocytes from mice immunized HK vaccine and MPE-4 led to a more robust anti-tumour response than the HK vaccine alone. Overall, these results indicate that MPE-4 is a good candidate adjuvant of anti-tumor immune response.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 1996

Recent advances in imaging techniques, surgery and combination anti-cancer chemotherapy have brought high survival rates in osteosarcoma. To investigate the survival rate, local recurrence and complications in treatment, we analysed 25 osteosarcoma cases who had been treated with preoperative neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, surgery and post operative chemotherapy at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Catholic University. From May 1988 to April 1995, 42 cases of stage IIB osteosarcoma were admitted in Department of Orthopedic Surgery. Among them, 17 cases who didn't follow our treatment guidance were excluded in this study. The average age were 19 years. There were 21 males and 4 females. The involved sites were 4 humerus, 10 femur, 10 tibia and 1 talus. Eleven cases had received intraarterial cisplatin and intravenous adriamycin chemotherapy, and 7 T-10 protocol and 7 intravenous ifosfamide, ADR, methotrexate, cisplatin. Twenty-three cases were treated with limb salvage surgery, and 2 amputation. The average follow-up was 35 months(3~82). There were 14 cases of continuous disease free, 9 cases of died of disease, 1 case of alive with disease, and 1 case of no evidence of disease at final follow-up. There were three cases of local recurrence at 6,8 and 12 months after operation. The estimated Kaplan-Meier's 5 year survival rates for all, ADR-cisplatin group, T-10 protocol group, and ifosfamide regimen group were 6%, 73%, 44% and 72%, respectively.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.174-181
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• 2006

Objective : Based on the immunological dysfunction in RA and the immunological feature of Clematis mandshurica Maxim. herbal acupuncture solution (CM-HAS), this study examined whether subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of CM-HAS has anti-inflammatory effects on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in the rat. Methods : Complete Freund's adjuvant was used to induce AA in rats. Secondary paw swelling of AA rats was measured, and polyarthritis index was scored. The administration of CM-HAS (2, 5, 10 mg/kg) to the Sinsu-hyul (BL 23) acupuncture point subcutaneously (s.c.) inhibited the inflammatory response and restored the weight of body and immune organs of AA rats. In this study. inhibitory effect of CM-HAS on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was evaluated. The plant material selected for this study has been used in Korean medicine for the treatment of various diseases that are considered as inflammatory in nature, e.g. asthma, arthritis, rheumatism, fever, edema, infections, snakebite and related inflammatory diseases. Results : There were significant secondary inflammatory reactions in AA rats, accompanied with the simultaneous decrease of body and immune organs weight. The administration of CM-HAS (2, 5, 10 mg/kg, s.c.) improved the above changes significantly. CM-HAS showed inhibitory activity against COX-2, which supports their traditional uses. In this study, aspirin and indomethacin were used to contrast with CM-HAS as the COX-2 inhibitors. Conclusion: The findings of this study may explain at least in part why CM-HAS has been traditionally used for the treatment of inflammatory conditions in traditional Korean and Chinese medicine.