• 음성과학
• /
• 제3권
• /
• pp.5-17
• /
• 1998

Botulinum toxin, a neurotoxin derived from Clostridia Botulinum, has been injected into the target muscle(s) for the treatment of several kinds of voice and speech disorders at the Voice Clinic, Yonsei Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics since December 1995. Criteria for the diagnosis and method of injection for spasmodic dysphonia, mutational dysphonia, muscle tension dysphonia, dysphonia after total laryngectomy, and stuttering were summarized. Among 144 patients with adductor type spasmodic dysphonia, who were injected one time to maximum 8 times during the 27 months, 90% were recognized as having better than slight improvement. Even though the injected cases were small, not only the abductor type spasmodic dysphonia, but also the intractable mutational dysphonia or muscle tension dysphonia resistant to voice therapy revealed that botulinum toxin injection would be another options for treatment. Patients who cannot phonate after total laryngectomy and some forms of adulthood stutterers can also be candidates for the injection of botulinum toxin.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.219-222
• /
• 2022

Muscle injuries caused by indirect trauma during exercise are common. Most of these injuries can be managed conservatively; however, further treatment is required in extreme cases. Although transcatheter arterial embolization is a possible treatment modality, its role in traumatic muscle injuries remains unclear. In this case series, we present three cases of exercise-induced muscle hemorrhage treated by transcatheter arterial embolization with successful outcomes. The damaged muscles were the rectus abdominis, adductor longus, and iliopsoas, and the vascular injuries were accessed via the femoral artery during the procedures.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.354-358
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the effects of bridge exercise with resistance to one hip joint adductor muscle on the thickness of external and internal oblique abdominal muscles, transversus abdominis muscle, and erector spinae muscle. Methods: The subjects were divided into two exercise groups: 15 for Bridge Exercise Group (BEG) and 15 for One Hip joint Adduction Bridge Exercise Group (OHABEG). The study used an ultrasonic instrument to measure trunk muscle thickness. OHABEG performed a bridge exercise with one hip Joint adduction. BEG performed a bridge exercise without resistance. Results: The external oblique abdominal, internal oblique abdominal, and the transversus abdominis muscles showed a significant increase by period and time in intra-group interactions (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference in inter-group changes (p>0.05). The erector spinae muscle had a significant increase in each period (p<0.05) but no significant difference in time, intra-group interactions, and in inter-group changes (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that bridge exercise with one hip joint adduction had positive effects on trunk muscle thickness. These results confirm that a bridge exercise with one hip joint adduction has a positive effect on the muscle thickness of trunk, suggesting the possibility of using it as a rehabilitation treatment for a lumbar stabilization exercise and as a basic data.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.333-339
• /
• 2012

Freezing of gait is a severely problem in people with Parkinson's disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activities of adductor longus, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior using Noraxon 8 channels EMG system during stop task in patients with Parkinson's disease. Seven parkinson's patients and age matched normal participants were recruited in the study. Filtered EMG signals were rectified, smoothed and integrated. To control for the altered timing and magnitude of activity, iEMG was normalized for time and peak value. The results indicated that the patients with Parkinson showed decreased gait cycle, stance phase, swing phase time, swing phase time ratio and increased stance phase time ratio than normal participants. The patients with Parkinson showed decreased gastrocnemius muscle activity time ratio, while increased tibialis anterior muscle activity time ratio than normal participants. During stance phase before stop, the patients with Parkinson showed relatively lower average and peak iEMG in anterior tibialis and gastrocnemius muscle than normal participants. During swing phase before stop, the patients with Parkinson showed relatively higher average iEMG in gastrocnemius muscle than normal participants. During stop phase, the patients with Parkinson showed relatively lower average and peak iEMG in anterior tibialis and gastrocnemius muscle than normal participants.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2009

Objective : The Meridian sinew is one of the meridian subsystems, which includes muscles distributed on the twelve meridian. This study was performed to understand which muscle is falling under 'Foot lesser yin meridian sinew'. Methods : We have studied the literatures on meridian sinew theory and searched muscles which correspond to 'Foot lesser yin meridian sinew' in anatomical muscular system. And we researched myofascial pain syndrome about the symptoms of the muscles falling under 'Foot lesser yin meridian sinew'. Lastly we compared 'Foot lesser yin meridian sinew' with 'Deep Frontal Line' - one of the anatomical trains. Results & Conclusion : 1. It is considered that 'Foot lesser yin meridian sinew' includes flexor digitorum brevis muscle, abductor hallucis muscle, medial head of gastrocnemius muscle, flexor digitorum longus muscle, adductor muscle, iliopsoas muscle, erctor spinae muscle. 2. The symptoms of 'Foot lesser yin meridian sinew' are similar to the myofascial pain syndrome with referred pain of the muscles falling under 'Foot lesser yin meridian sinew'. 3. 'Deep frontal line' is similar to 'Foot lesser yin meridian sinew', but not exactly in neck & pelvic muscles.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.145-150
• /
• 2018

Background: This study evaluated the shoulder girdle muscle characteristics of elite archery athletes and provides suggestions for archery training programs. Methods: This study enrolled 15 cases of high level archery athletes (7 males, 8 females) and 30 cases of (15 males, 15 females) sex, age-matched, healthy, non-athletic individuals. We measured peak torques of flexion (FL), extension (EX), abduction (ABD), adduction (ADD), external rotation (ER) and internal rotation (IR) of both shoulders at an angular velocity of $30^{\circ}/sec$, $60^{\circ}/sec$, and $180^{\circ}/sec$. The peak torques and peak torque ratios of FL/EX, ABD/ADD, and ER/IR of the two groups were compared. Results: The archer group had a greater peak torque of IR and ADD, but only in the left shoulder (p<0.05). In the same group, both shoulders had greater peak torque of EX and lower peak torque of FL. The peak torque ratios of FL/EX of both shoulders were significantly lower in the archer group at all three angular velocities (p<0.05). The peak torque ratios of ABD/ADD were significantly greater in only the left shoulder of the archer group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The prominent characteristics of the shoulder girdle muscles of an elite archer are stronger adductor muscles of the bow shoulder and stronger extensors of both shoulders, as compared to healthy, non-athletic individuals. These muscle groups of the shoulder probably contribute a major role in maintaining the accuracy and stability during archery shooting. Hence, a training program that selectively enhances the adductor and extensor muscles could prove helpful in enhancing the archery skills of the athlete.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.151-159
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the activation of the contralateral upper and lower extremities and trunk muscle during ipsilateral upper extremity diagonal isokinetic exercise. Methods: Twenty-one healthy male subjects with no history of shoulder injury undertook ipsilateral diagonal isokinetic exercise at 60, 120, and $180^{\circ}/sec$, utilizing a standard Biodex protocol. Muscle activation amplitudes were measured in the upper trapezius, pectoralis major, biceps brachii, rectus abdominis, external oblique, rectus femoris, adductor longus, and biceps femoris muscles using electromyography. A one-way analysis of variance and paired t-tests were conducted, and the data were analyzed using SPSS, version 21.0. Results: The results revealed no statistically significant interaction between motion and angular velocity and no statistically significant contralateral muscle activation according to angular velocity (p>0.05). However, they revealed statistically significant contralateral muscle activation according to motion (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that the movements involved in contralateral upper extremity diagonal isokinetic exercise can enhance muscle strength in patients affected by stroke, fracture, burns, or arthritis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of plank exercises with resistance of one-sided hip adduction on abdominal muscle thickness. Methods: Thirty subjects were divided into a group that underwent plank exercises with one-sided hip adduction resistance (n=15) and a group that underwent plank exercises only (n=15). Their changes in abdominal muscle thickness before the experiment (n=15) and three and six weeks after the experiment were analyzed using a two-way repeated analysis of variance at a statistical significance level of ${\alpha}=0.05$. When there was any interaction between the time of measurement and each group, post hoc t-tests were conducted at a statistical significance level of ${\alpha}=0.01$. Results: The results of the experiment showed statistically significant differences in the thickness of the rectus abdominis, internal oblique muscle, and transversus abdominis, depending on the time of measurement and the interaction between the time of measurement and each group (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed in the thickness of the external oblique, depending on the time of measurement, the interaction between the time of measurement and each group, and variances between the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that plank exercises with resistance of one-sided adduction are effective for increasing abdominal muscle thickness. The study's overall findings will likely be used as basic data for lumbar stabilization exercises and rehabilitation treatment.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.79-81
• /
• 2014

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a chronic, focal, speech-induced, action-specific dystonia, resulting strained voice. Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) may also result in a strangled, strained voice quality, usually as a result of compensation for underlying laryngeal disease such as glottal insufficiency. Patients with SD and MTD were suffered from the severely limiting people's communication, especially via telephone and in noisy backgrounds. SD is usually of the adductor type characterized by glottic contractions causing tightness and voice breaks, which is difficult to distinguish from MTD. In this review article, we present the characteritics and management of SD and MTD.

• 한국패류학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.215-223
• /
• 2012

한국 서해안 해역에서 2011년 9월부터 2012년 1월까지 수평망식으로 양성한 굴의 산란기 이후 생태 생리학적 변화를 조사하였다. 조사 지역은 충남 태안 연안의 의항, 신두리, 이원의 두 곳을 선정하여 생식소지수, 조직학적 분석, 생식소와 폐각근 내의 RNA/DNA의 양과 비, condition index (CI), 연체부지수 등을 분석하여 건강도를 판정하였다. 연구결과 의항에서 수평망식으로 양식한 굴은 다른 지역의 굴과 생리학적 차이를 보였다. 즉, 폐각근 내 RNA/DNA의 양 및 비가 조사기간 동안 지속적으로 감소하였고 가장 낮은 CI와 연체부지수를 보였다. 이원지역의 St. 1과 2에서 양식한 굴은 산란기 이후 빠른 회복력을 보여 RNN/DNA가 증가하였고, 연체부지수와 CI 또한 10월까지 급격히 증가한 이후 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 신두리 지역의 굴은 연체부지수와 CI가 10월까지 급격하게 감소하였다. 그러나 이러한 건강도 판정요소와는 다르게 폐각근 내 RNA/DNA 비는 단백질의 증가 양상처럼 10월까지 지속적으로 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다. 특이한 점은 신두리와 이원의 St. 1에서는 12월까지도 부분방출기의 개체가 관찰이 되었다. 모든 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 본 연구에서 사용된 RNA/DNA 양과 비의 변화, 연체부지수, CI 등의 간단한 지표만으로도 양식 굴의 건강상태, 산란 후 회복과정에 관한 정보 취득이 가능하였다. 따라서 이와 같은 자료를 통하여 우량종패 생산을 위한 굴 어미관리가 가능하고, 또한 소비자들이 선호할 수 있는 양질의 굴 생산이 가능할 것으로 판단되므로 향후에도 다년간 연구조사가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.