• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.74-88
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 인천광역시 청량산의 생태적 특성과 식생구조의 변화를 분석하여 도시림의 건강성 회복 및 식생 보전을 위한 관리방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 청량산의 신갈나무는 참나무시들음병 방제로 세력이 감소하였고, 때죽나무와 팥배나무의 세력은 확대되었다. 천이경향은 대부분 현상태를 유지할 것으로 판단되며, 향후 소나무군집은 산벚나무군집으로, 신갈나무군집은 졸참나무군집으로 변화 잠재성이 있었다. 리기다소나무림은 산벚나무군집으로, 아까시나무림은 졸참나무군집으로 변화 가능성은 있으나, 천이의 진행이 양호하지 않은 것으로 판단되었다. 토성은 대부분 사양토(sandy loam) 또는 양질사토(loamy sand)였으며, 토양 pH는 4.26~4.86이었고, 평균 4.59이었다. 유기물함량(O.M)은 2.18~9.60%이었고, 평균 4.33%이었다. 청량산의 종다양성 증진을 위해서는 토양산성화 방지, 자생수종을 선정하여 조림하고, 도시화 영향에 의해 출현하는 수종의 지나친 세력 확대 방지, 하층식생과 호습성 수종 보호, 다층구조의 숲 유도 관리를 제시하였다.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 1979

The basic problem of the broiler industry is that of fluctuating prices, mainly thanks to unstable supply of and inelastic demand for products as usually indicated as a peculiarity of agricultural commodities. This particularly brings the producer to a great economic risk, because he has to sell products under the condition of pure competition, whereas others from whom he has to buy deal under the condition of oligopoly or even monopoly. Therefore, producers economic position is generally placed in the worst comparing others dealing with, which results in unbalanced economic status of elements involved in broiler operation and further obstruction of industry development as a whole. A certain type of business coordination to overcome such a problem should be measured in order to improve the efficiency of entire operation and thus assure the balanced industry development. The concept of the economic integration developed in modern business system had been adapted to U.S. poultry industry which became common later around the world as a means of stabilizing producers price and whole industry as well. There are two main typos of integration; horizontal and vertical The former refers to the general grouping of similar business units, eg. a hatchery tying with other hatchery, while the latter refers to the knitting together of two or more stages of economic activities, eg. tying together among units of hatching, fled milling, production, processing and marketing. By having the industry integrated, risk and uncertainty involved in various stages of operation could be diversified. The typo of integrating contract between producers and integrators include the share of profits, flat fee payment, feed conversion payment and salary basis. In the U.S., extensive changes in production, processing, and marketing during the last few decades have changed the thicken broiler industry from one of small, widely scattered farms to one that is largo, concentrated and efficient. More than 99 percent of all broilers produced are grown under contract and by integrated firms which vary in size of operation and complexity. About 84 percent of all production is concentrated in 10 States. Some of the other factors ;hat contributed to these choses arc costs, energy use, prices, processing, marketing and demand. No integrated broiler production system has yet been applied in Korea's poultry industry, thus all stages all broiler operation run independently seeking for its own profit. Consequently, producers price fluctuate very widely around the year even more than 50 percent in a few months. This also leads to disadvantages of material supplies, processors and distributors and enforce the industry unstable. The current economic environment in Korea seems that the time for broiler integration comes and as an ideal integrator, feed millers, food processors and producers group may be considered.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.117-127
• /
• 2019

Objectives : Korean medicine practice is not specifically described in medical law, and then has always been a quarrel. So far The criteria for judgment in Korean Medicine Doctor's Medical Devices Using should clinically prove it only by Korean medicine theory and academic Traditionally descending from old ancestors. Comprehensively review of Korean Medicine Doctor's Medical Devices Using and Duty of Care, and then present a new understandings to determine future Korean Medicine Practice. Method : An existing court cases of Korean Medicine Doctor's Medical Devices Using and Duty of Care were reviewed. After reviewing various papers published for several years, various opinions were reviewed and suggested. Results : The range of Korean Medicine Doctor's Medical Devices Using has changed since the 1951 National Medical Law stipulated Korean medicine as medical professionals. The issue of the recent ruling that distinguishes medical practice from Korean medicine practice were condensed into what emphasis to interpret amongst 1) The basic principles of learning, 2) Curriculum and professionalism, 3) Risks. The Constitutional Court's ruling was important in order of 'Risk', 'curriculum and expertise', and 'basic principles of learning.' A duty of Care means an obligation to pay attention to something. A duty of Care does not mean a "highest level," but requires a "best care" and does "best under given conditions." Even in the duty of Care, Because Korean medicine has a purpose to protect and promote the health of the people, Some standards of western medicine have to be adapted to the current general medical technology. Korean Medicine doctors can recognize the duty of care in the "some basic range" of knowledge belonging to western medicine. Conclusions : The interpretation of Korean Medicine practice are currently in compatible the argument that should clearly divide Korean medicine from Western medicine, and that should be changed in light of the changing medical environment. Therefore If Korean medicine's standard is applied to the extent to which Korean Medicine doctors are educated, it is necessary to define a new definition to actively interpret Korean Medical practice. The academic basis of Korean medicine and the level of Korean medicine practice based on the books that are traditionally available, and then current textbooks of Korean Medicine College, Korean Medicine Clinical Care Guidelines, and classification of Korean standard medical practices should be standardized. Increasingly, Korean Medicine practice should be interpreted according to reality, focusing on protecting and promoting the health of the people rather than academic differences.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.119-133
• /
• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 독점적 지위로 운영되는 발전회사의 환경효율성 분석을 통하여 미래의 녹색경영, 지속경영에 대한 기관 효율성 향상에 기여하고자 하는 것이다. DEA 분석이 가진 내재적인 부족함을 보완하기 위해 C 발전회사 산하 6개의 기관을 직접 방문하여 담당 전문가로부터 DMU의 환경효율성을 위한 인터뷰 자료도 활용하였다. 투입요소로는 경영효율성에서는 비용과 종업원 수를 환경효율성으로는, CO2, NOx, 용수 사용량이 사용되었다. 산출요소로는 연간 총발전량, 판매수익이 사용되었다. 분석에는 규모수익불변(CRS, Constant Return to scale)투입지향의 DEA모형과 VRS(Various Return to Scale)모형을 이용하였다. CRS 분석에 의하면 0.923, BCC 분석으로는 0.969로 나타났으며 7개의 DMU가 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 산출요소별 비효율적인 투입요소에서는 NOx가 CO2 보다 낮았다. 이는 전력발전에 있어 NOx는 물론 CO2에 관한 효율성이 개선되어야 한다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 환경비효율성을 줄이기 위해서는 결국 신재생에너지와 연료 전지 등 대체에너지원이 지속적으로 개발되어져야 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.1896-1902
• /
• 2013

무기체계에 상용부품을 적용하는 개념인 COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf)는 국방기술이 민수기술을 선도하던 시기에 크게 호응을 얻지 못했다. 그러나 IT기술의 급속한 성장과 민수산업의 빠른 확장은 짧은 시간에 저가의 대량생산 체계를 갖추게 되었고, 비용과 일정의 장점이 부각되면서 민수분야에 생산되는 부품들이 무기체계에 적용되었다. 민수기술이 국방 무기체계에 사용되기 위해서는 전투 환경의 극한 제약사항에서 성능을 보장할 수 있어야 한다. 일반적으로 상용부품은 설계 및 생산에 대한 요구조건이 군용과 비교하여 다르기 때문에 근본적인 한계가 있다. 따라서, 상용부품이 무기체계에 사용되기 위해서는 시스템공학적 접근을 통한 확인이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 무기체계에 COTS를 적용하기 위한 방안으로 해양 무기체계 특성에 적합한 프로세스와 제약사항 분석방안을 제시하였다. 해양 무기체계의 제약사항을 일반 환경 및 특수 환경 제약사항으로 구분하고 세부적인 프로세스를 제시하였으며, 시장에서 이러한 제약사항에 적합한 제품을 선택할 때 유용한 도구를 제시하였다. 마지막으로 COTS의 해양 무기체계 적용을 위한 사례연구로 전투함 전기시스템의 COTS 적용 및 제약사항 분석 결과를 확인하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.104-118
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to classify Korean soybean varieties base on maturity group (MG) and to find character relationships according to planting date for high quality soybean seed production adapted to early season cultivation environment of Miryang. Results of maturity grouping of Korean soybean varieties showed that Keunol (3 cultivars), belonged to Group 0; Seonnok and Danmi in Group II, Shinrok in Group III, Seonyu (17 cultivars), in Group IV, Taekwang (44 cultivars) in Group V, Daewon (25 cultivars) in Group VI, and Kwangdu and Keumdu in Group VII. Agronomic characteristics of 100 soybean varieties were compared based on MG, cultivation year and seeding date. Soybean varieties belonging to the MG $VI{\sim}VII$ showed longer days to flowering and growth period, high lodging density and higher yield. Seed quality analysis revealed that as maturity was delayed, seed weight becomes heavier while seed cracks become abundant. In addition, occurrence of purple seed and phomopsis were higher in MG $0{\sim}III$. Protein content was higher in MG $0{\sim}III$, and isoflavone content was higher as maturity was delayed. On the other hand, lipid content was generally similar across MGs. Correlation analysis of major agronomic characters showed positive relationships between days to flowering and growth days, seed weight and lodging in MG $IV{\sim}V$, seed crack and growth days in MG $0{\sim}III$, seed crack and days to flowering in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$, seed crack and lodging in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$, seed crack and seed weight in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$, purple seed and growth days in MG $IV{\sim}V$, purple seed and seed weight in MG $VI{\sim}VII$, phomopsis and growth days in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$, and phomopsis and purple seed in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$. In contrast, a negative relationship was observed between seed weight and lodging in MG $0{\sim}III$. Correlating yield and major characters revealed negative relationships between days to flowering and growth days in MG $0{\sim}III$ and MG $IV{\sim}V$, whereas positive relationships were obtained on MG $VI{\sim}VII$ seeded on April 30. Lodging, seed weight and seed crack were all negatively correlated with yield in the MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$. Soybean cultivars identified as adaptable to early season planting for production of high quality soy curd and fermented soybean paste were Seonyu, Kwangdu, and Soho while those suited for the manufacture of soybean sprouts were Sobaeknanul, Kwangan, Sowon, and Bosuk. Geomjeong 2 chosen as best for mixing with rice.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2019

Lattice towers and tubular steel poles have been commonly used for electrical power transmission in Korea. They are durable, structurally stable, simple and can easily be constructed in limited spaces. However, residents are opposed to construct transmission lattice towers in their areas because they are not visually attractive, and electrical field occur at the transmission lines. Underground transmissions have been used instead of the traditional towers to resolve these problems, however they are not cost effective to construct and run. Therefore, we have developed eco-friendly towers that are more attractive, well blending into the surrounding environment, and much more economical than underground transmissions. There are four categories of the eco-friendly electric transmission towers about design aspects. Firstly, there is decoration type such as tree tower and ensemble tower. Tree tower looks like actual trees with leaves and branches so it blends into surroundings. Ensemble towers were designed after pair of crane birds. Those towers have decoration features and art works. Structural examination and manufacturing this type would be very similar to the conventional transmission towers. Secondly, there is arm design type such as traditional tower. Design features are added to the existing towers. As partial design can be adoptable on these types, it can easily meet height regulations and attach to conventional lattice towers and tubular steel poles. Also, these towers are more economical than others. Third category is multipurpose type such as Sail Tower. These towers have simple pole or tubular structure with features which can be used as information message board, public relations and much more. This type will face greater wind pressure because of the area of the board, also visibility must take into consideration. Lastly, there is moulding type such as arc pylon. It is different shape to the conventional towers - lattice towers and tubular steel poles. Dramatic design changes have been adapted - from a hard and static tower to a soft and curved tower. These towers will well stand out in the field. However, structural examination and manufacturing this type would be difficult and costly. Also certain towers of this type would require scaffolding or false work to construct, which will result in limitations of the construction area. This paper shows KEPCO 154 kV Sail tower in detail. KEPCO 154 kV Sail tower that is included in fabrication of sample tower and tower testing has developed and the results are presented in this paper. We hope that sail tower is also considered as a solution to have public acceptance or to create a familiar atmosphere among towers and people in coastal area.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.314-321
• /
• 2012

본 연구에서는 탁수농도에 따라 생물서식지에 영향을 주는 스트레스 지수를 활용하여 탁수에 대한 어류영향실험을 수행하였다. 국내 하천에서 우점비율이 가장 높은 피라미를 대상으로 발생단계별로 탁수에 대한 모의실험을 수행한 결과 발생 초기단계에서는 탁수에 대한 반응이 민감하게 나타났지만 성체단계에 이르면서 고탁수에 대한 적응하는 것으로 나타났다. 그 외 어종에 대한 탁수반응은 어종별 내성도에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 향후 수생태 건강성평가와 연계하여 하천의 건강성상태를 결정한 후, 평가등급에 따라 탁수에 대한 농도와 배출 허용기간을 적용하는데 유용한 지표가 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.249-263
• /
• 2014

1950년대에 조성된 RTP는 계획적으로 조성된 첨단 산-학 복합단지임과 동시에 외생적 발전 전략으로 클러스터 기반을 구축한 후, 성장 과정에서 내생적 발전 역량을 갖추게 된 흥미로운 사례이다. 본 논문에서는 외생적 발전 전략에 의해 계획적으로 조성된 RTP가 어떻게 성공적인 진화 경로를 밟게 되었는지, 그 과정과 요인을 트리플 힐릭스 공간의 구축 과정을 통해 분석하였다. RTP의 클러스터 형성 초기에는 지식 공간의 존재와 역할이 중요했으나, RTP의 고도성장기에 지식 공간이 미친 영향은 상대적으로 미흡했다. 반면에, NC 과학기술위원회는 트리플 힐릭스 합의 공간으로서, RTP의 조성단계에서부터 지금까지 클러스터의 경로파괴적 진화를 견인한 핵심 주체라고 할 수 있다. 그리고 RTP의 지속적 진화 과정에는 노스캐롤라이나 생명공학연구센터(NCBC)와 노스캐롤라이나 마이크로일렉트릭센터(MCNC) 등과 같은 혁신 공간은 클러스터의 트리플 힐릭스 상호작용을 유발하는 핵심 중개기관의 역할을 수행했다. 오늘날, RTP에는 합의 공간을 중심으로 지식 공간과 혁신 공간이 연계되는 구조를 통해 트리플 힐릭스 공간이 구축되어 있으며, 이를 통해 기존 산업 생태계의 역동성을 유지하면서도 새로운 산업 생태계가 성장하는 이른바 역동적 진화 구조를 나타내고 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2018

유도탄 점검 중 결함이 검출되면 개발자는 고장을 식별하여 문제 조치 후 시험을 재개한다. 고장 식별을 위해 장비에서 나오는 데이터를 분석해야 하는데, 점검 환경에 따라 수신한 정보가 충분하지 않을 수 있다. 이러한 경우 개발자는 문제가 재현될 때 까지 반복 시험을 수행하던지 연계된 장비를 찾아 각 성능 점검을 수행 하여 정상 여부를 확인한다. 해당 업무가 추가되면 일정 관리에 문제가 생기고 개발비용이 상승한다. 이를 해결하기 위해 체계적인 절차로 유도탄 점검 장비를 설계하여 결함 검출률을 높여 요구 신뢰도를 만족해야 한다. 절차마다 필요한 프로세스를 설계하여 운용 중 결함검출 시 고장식별에 대한 시간을 줄일 수 있다. 하지만 결함 검출률 100%를 만족할 수 없기에 비용대비 효과를 분석 해 설계해야 한다. 본 논문은 유도탄 점검 장비의 신뢰성 향상을 위한 개발 방법과 적용 시 기대효과 및 한계점에 대한 내용을 기술한다.