• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.85-90
• /
• 2003

This paper presents an adaptive PID control scheme for nonlinear system. TSK(Takagi-Sugeno-Kang) fuzzy model is used to estimate the error of control input, and the parameters of PID controller are adapted using the error. The parameters of TSK fuzzy model also adapted to plant. The proposed algorithm allows designing adaptive PID controller which Is adapted to the uncertainty of nonlinear plant and the change of parameters. The usefulness of the proposed algorithm is also certificated by the several simulations.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.133-136
• /
• 1996

Calcium modulates the activity of guanylate cyclase and plays a key role in dark and light adaptation in the visual system. We have measured the Ca$^{2+}$, K$^+$ and Na$^+$ concentration in dark and light adapted bullfrog's (Rana catesbeiana) vitreous humor by using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The calcium concentration of the light adapted bullfrog's vitreous humor was higher than that of the dark adapted bullfrog's vitreous humor. This means that ion activity between the photoreceptor and vitreous humor side is light dependent and we have found that a Ca$^{2+}$ channel and Na$^+$ - Ca$^{2+}$ exchanger exist in the vitreous humor.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.133-143
• /
• 2002

We propose an optimal design to improve the muffler's capacity by reducing the noise of the intake system by adapting kriging method with the robust design. For the first stage of a design, the length and radius of each component of the current muffler system are selected as control factors. Then, the $L_18$ table of orthogonal arrays is adapted to extract the effective main factors. As the second stage, the $L_18$ table of orthogonal arrays using kriging method is adapted to take the significant factors into consideration. As an optimal design, the $L_18$ table of orthogonal arrays with main effects is proposed and the kriging method is adapted for more efficient design. The kriging method improves the performance of intake system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.79-95
• /
• 2001

This study suggests adaptations and expansions of DDC 21 for the Korean libraries. Adapted and expanded tables of Table 2, Table 5, and Table 6 are added regularly in the related subjects in the schedules. Classes of 200 Religion and 745.61 Calligraphy are newly adapted and expanded. Classes for Oriental medicine (610.95) and Korean music (789) are suggested. Other classes of 030, 050, 060, 070, 080, 181, 310, 340, 400, 800, 915, 950 are adapted based on the previous studies.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.167-182
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate actual condition of the modern adaptation of interior elements (wall floor ceiling door & window) in traditional house. The examined objects were 316 pictures of residential interior spaces from the 5 different monthly magazines between Jan. 1993 to Dec. 1997 The results of this study were as follows; 1. Mostly they were either parital adaptation from the original or partially transformed adaptation rather than entire adaptation of the original 2. Of the traditional interior elements adapted in residential space only specific elements were being adapted. For example. partial adaptation from the original were oiled paper flooring(Jangpan) rice papered wall (Hanji) a ceiling finish that left the rafters and beams exposed (Yondunt-chonjang) and window or door frame which is vertical lattices accented with horizontal lattices grouped into three sections(Ttisal-mun)And partially transformed adaptation were wood flooring(Chang-maru) rice apered wall(Hanji) Yondung-chonjang wind or door frame of Wan character(Wanja-mum) 3. In regard to space the mostly adapted spaces were bedrooms rather than living or dining rooms.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2014

The vector Taylor series (VTS) based method usually employs clean speech Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) when compensating speech feature vectors or adapting the parameters of trained HMMs. It is well-known that noisy speech HMMs trained by the Multi-condition TRaining (MTR) and the Multi-Model-based Speech Recognition framework (MMSR) method perform better than the clean speech HMM in noisy speech recognition. In this paper, we propose a method to use the noise-adapted HMMs in the VTS-based speech feature compensation method. We derived a novel mathematical relation between the train and the test noisy speech feature vector in the log-spectrum domain and the VTS is used to estimate the statistics of the test noisy speech. An iterative EM algorithm is used to estimate train noisy speech from the test noisy speech along with noise parameters. The proposed method was applied to the noise-adapted HMMs trained by the MTR and MMSR and could reduce the relative word error rate significantly in the noisy speech recognition experiments on the Aurora 2 database.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
• /
• v.4 no.6
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 2003

This paper presents the effect of boundary conditions in various failure pressure models published for the estimation of failure pressure. Furthermore, this approach is extended to the failure prediction with the aid of a failure probability model. The first order Taylor series expansion of the limit state function is used in order to estimate the probability of failure associated with each corrosion defect in buried pipelines for long exposure period with unit of years. A failure probability model based on the von-Mises failure criterion is adapted. The log-normal and standard normal probability functions for varying random variables are adapted. The effects of random variables such as defect depth, pipe diameter, defect length, fluid pressure, corrosion rate, material yield stress, material ultimate tensile strength and pipe thickness on the failure probability of the buried pipelines are systematically investigated for the corrosion pipeline by using an adapted failure probability model and varying failure pressure model.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.7-21
• /
• 2006

The intent of the present study is to investigate the acoustic properties of Korean /w/ in various phonological contexts, compare them with those of English /w/, and attempt to explain why English /w/'s are perceived differently by Korean speakers depending on the phonological contexts. Experiments 1 and 2 present the acoustic measure of F2 of Korean /w/ in various linguistic positions and show that unlike English /w/, Korean /w/ shows quite a strong coarticulation with the following vowel. Based on these experiments, Experiment 3 investigates why English /w/ is adapted differently into Korean. Specifically, it discusses why English /wain/ is adapted as /wain/ whereas English /twin/ is adapted into Korean as $/t^{h_i}win/$ with an extra vowel. This study argues that the different perception of English /w/ by Korean and English speakers is due to the different F2 transitional pattern of /w/ in Korean and English in various phonological contexts. It also argues that the F2 transitional pattern is an important factor in the perception of /w/.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1995

Photoinhibition and its recovery of spectrally adapted Anacystis nidulans were studied. Phycocyanin and Chl content and phycocyanin/Chl ratio were increased in cells grown under blue-green light compared with those grown in white light. Photosynthetic activities of white light and blue-green light grown cells were reduced by 50% after 15 min and 10 min of photoinhibitory light treatment (1.2 mmol·m-2s-1), respectively, largely due to the decline of PSII activities. However, their activities were recovered fully after 30 min incubation under weak light. Treatment of rifampicin and chloramphenicol magnified the photoinhibitory effects and suppressed the recovery with disappearance of susceptibility to photoinhibition and delayed the recovery process, indicating no significant differences in phosphorylation, dephosphorylation and protease activity between two cells. Therefore, it is suggested that the increased sensitivity of blue-green adapted cells might be attributed to the decline of protein synthesis, and phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of protein and protease activity might be involved in the recovery process.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.79-84
• /
• 2011

Two initial models of cold-adapted lipase PsLip1 have been constructed, based on homology with the bacterial lipases Chromobacterium viscosum (CvLip) and Pseudomonas cepacia (PcLip), whose X-ray structures have been solved and refined to high resolution. The mature polypeptide chains of these lipases have 84% similarity. The models of Mod1 and Mod2 have been compared with the tertiary structures of CvLip and PcLip, respectively, and analyzed in terms of stabilizing interactions. Several structural aspects that are believed to contribute to protein stability have been compared: the number of conserved salt bridges, aromatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, helix capping, and disulfide bridges. The 3-dimensional structural model of PsLip1 has been constructed in order to elucidate the structural reasons for the decreased thermostability of the enzyme in comparison with its mesophilic counterparts.