• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.81-93
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• 2016

Rehmannia glutinosa(Gaertn.) DC. is a herbaceous perennial plant and belonging to the Scrophulariaceae and used as roots for medicinal part and purpose. R. glutinosa is and usually used for fresh rehmannia root or prepared rehmannia root. However, it is very difficult to propagate using the seeds because of lack germination so it is propagated using the vegetative method as the rootstock. Currently, propagation and harvesting using the rootstock of R. glutinosa has difficulties about production of the high quality and quantity in R. glutinosa because of root rot disease. To optimize in vitro cultures and to improve the rootstock and seedling of R. glutinosa after morphological and genetical determination, 5 plant culture media (MS, DJ, LS, QL, and WPM) were used in this study then WPM was selected for better growth, for multiplication condition(WPM + IAA 1.0 mg/L + IBA 0.5 mg/L), and for root enlargement condition(WPM + NAA 0.1 mg/L) of R. glutinosa. Based on these results, in vitro seedlings of R. glutinosa were transferred to soil for acclimation with environment adaptation and shown the positive effects about root enlargement and root formation. Therefore, it can be used for high quality of R. glutinosa production and production of the rootstock based on propagation using in vitro seedlings of R. glutinosa.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.55
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• pp.103-130
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• 2003

This study examined resettlement and adaptation condition of North Korean(NK) refugees resettling in local areas and compared the results of the examination to the life conditions for those who are living in Seoul and its vicinities. As the result indicates, the first cohort is currently inferior to their counterpart in labor market activities, life satisfaction, and quantity and quality of resettlement assistance implemented by private voluntary agencies. The reason of selecting Busan as a specific case for this study is that: 1) Busan is the largest city in the number of NK refugees residence except for Seoul, 2) Busan has a couple of community welfare centers which are involved in the work of NK refugee resettlement as well as the reason that Busan provides convenience of conducting a survey to the researcher. The most significant contribution of this study to social work research and practice is that it applied the existing theoretical and practical approach of community resources development and networking of social supports to the field of NK refugee resettlement assistance. Based on the research findings, this study suggests that the roles and functions of Community Associations of NK Refugee Assistance should be more activating and that a community welfare center should a take critical role in organizing and activating the Community Associations. This paper also suggests specific ways of enhancing the role of community welfare centers in NK refugee assistance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.1115-1125
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the Safety-practice and Its Related Factors among Elementary students in rural area, to provide the basic data for prevention for safety accident occurrence in order to improve the QOL. Methods: The subjects of this study were 549 elementary students using self-report questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS 12.0 Program. Results: The mean score for level of the safety awareness was 3.55(${\pm}.36$) and of the safety practice, 2.98(${\pm}.48$). The score of Safety-practice was statistically significant difference according to students' gender(p= .028) and students' grade(p= .004), the number of friends(p= .002), the level of school life adaptation(p= .000), recognized learning proficiency(p= .000), personality(p= .005), curiosity(p= .003), the level of demand for safety education(p= .000), the level of safety-education conducted by parents(p= .000), the level of safety-education conducted by teacher(p= .000). Stepwise multiple regression analysis for Safety-practice revealed that the most powerful predictor was level of Safety-awareness and self-esteem, the level of safety-education conducted by parents explained 28.8% of the variance. Conclusions: Therefore, it is necessary to develop safety practice promotion program in order to enhance the quality of life of elementary students. Future studies need to be pursued to find various variances.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.400-405
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• 2011

Autophagy, a highly conserved mechanism of internal quality control, is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and for the orchestration of an efficient cellular response to stress. During aging, the efficiency of autophagic degradation declines and intracellular waste products accumulate. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of exercise on autophagic response in skeletal muscle. Twenty-four Young (4 month) and Old (12 month) ICR-type white male mice were divided into a control group (CON: n=6) and exercise training group (Tr: n=6) after an adaptation period of 1 week. Exercise consisted of treadmill running at 16.4 m/min with a 4% incline, 40 min/day and 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Cervical dislocation was performed at 48 hours after the last round of exercise, after which the gastrocnemius skeletal muscle were immediately collected. The results of verifying autophagy formation showed that the Sarcopenia index was decreased in the Old mice compared to the Young. However, it increased with exercise training in the Old. Lipidation LC3-II, Becline-1, and Atg7 were decreased in the Old mice compared to the Young. However, Lipidation LC3-II was significantly increased in the trained Old mice (Young:1 Vs Old:$1.32{\pm}0.042$, p<0.05). Based on these data, we suggest that autophagy regulatory events are the attenuated in Old mice, but that they are enhanced with exercise training.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.23-36
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• 2022

Objectives : This study aimed to provide basic data on intervention strategies that occupational therapists can access by systematically analyzing the intervention and effectiveness for youth with disabilities. Methods : The RISS, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were used to search for papers published between 2006 and 2021. The keywords were "Disability AND Adolescents OR Young adult AND Transition education OR Transition program". Seven papers were selected for analysis, and the full text was reviewed. The keywords and national relations were analyzed and visualized using the WoS (Web of Science) and VOSviewer programs. Results : The participants were classified into five types (ASD or ADHD, ID, DD, and physical disability). The areas used for the intervention were mixed into three categories: occupation (academic), self-management (time), and interaction (personal relations and communication). Sociality and adaptation, quality of life, and at least one of the three categories of daily life activities showed significant improvement. Conclusions : This study can be used as basic data to expand the area where only OTs can contribute while grasping the research trend of the conversion program and presenting the direction of exchange with various experts by organizing the application and its effects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 2018

The YrdC superfamily is a group of proteins that are highly conserved in almost all organisms sequenced so far. YrdC in Escherichia coli was suggested to be involved in ribosome biogenesis, translation termination, cold adaptation, and threonylcarbamoyl adenosine formation in tRNA. In this study, to unambiguously demonstrate that yrdC is essential in E. coli, we constructed two yrdC mutant strains of E. coli and examined their phenotypes. In the temperature-sensitive yrdC mutant strain, cell growth stopped almost immediately under nonpermissive conditions and it appeared to accumulate 16S ribosomal RNA precursors without significant accumulation of 30S ribosomal subunits. We also cloned yeast and human homologs and demonstrated that they complement the E. coli yrdC-deletion strain. By mutational study, we demonstrated that the concave surface in the middle of the YrdC protein plays an important role in E. coli, yeast, and human versions. By comparison of two yrdC-deletion strains, we also unambiguously demonstrated that yrdC is essential for viability in E. coli and that the functions of its yeast and human homologs overlap with that of E. coli YrdC.

• Journal of Apiculture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.139-146
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• 2017

Floral scent emitted from many plants is the critical factors for pollinator attraction and defense for adaptation in environments. The fragrance components of flowers are different in composition by geographical origins, climate factors and the development stages of flowers. In the present study, we investigated the volatile-floral compounds in flowers of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and defined the chemical contribution for flowering periods. The volatile compounds analysis was performed by gas chromatography with mass selective detector after solid phase microextraction (SPME). We reported different compositional features of fragrance compounds according to flowering periods. The abundant compounds identified in stage 1 were ${\alpha}$-pinene (66.80%) and ${\beta}$-pinene (26.53%). Those of the stage 2 were (Z)-${\beta}$-ocimene (37.57%), ${\alpha}$-pinene (15.16%), benzaldehyde (16.63%), linalool (12.13%). The volatiles of stage 3 comprised an abundance of (Z)-${\beta}$-ocimene (64.94%), ${\alpha}$-pinene (9.84%), linalool (8.92%), benzaldehyde (1.71%). Leaf volatiles were distinct from those in the reproductive plant parts by their high relative amount of (E)-${\beta}$-ocimene (23.50%) and (Z)-3-Hexenyl acetate (27.87%). Differences in flower scents of the different stages and leaves are discussed in light of biochemical constraints on volatile chemical synthesis and of the role of flower scent in evolutionary ecology of R. pseudoacacia.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.152-161
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• 2015

CodY is a highly conserved protein in low G+C gram-positive bacteria that regulates genes involved in sporulation and stationary-phase adaptation. Bacillus thuringiensis is a grampositive bacterium that forms spores and parasporal crystals during the stationary phase. To our knowledge, the regulatory mechanism of CodY in B. thuringiensis is unknown. To study the function of CodY protein in B. thuringiensis, BMB171codY^- was constructed in a BMB171 strain. A shuttle vector containing the ORF of cry1Ac10 was transformed into BMB171 and BMB171codY^-, named BMB171cry1Ac and BMB171codY^-cry1Ac, respectively. Some morphological and physiological changes of codY mutant BMB171codY^-cry1Ac were observed. A comparative proteomic analysis was conducted for both BMB171codY^-cry1Ac and BMB171cry1Ac through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis. The results showed that the proteins regulated by CodY are involved in microbial metabolism, including branched-chain amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and energy metabolism. Furthermore, we found CodY to be involved in sporulation, biosynthesis of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, growth, genetic competence, and translation. According to the analysis of differentially expressed proteins, and physiological characterization of the codY mutant, we performed bacterial one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments and confirmed the direct regulation of genes by CodY, specifically those involved in metabolism of branched-chain amino acids, ribosomal recycling factor FRR, and the late competence protein ComER. Our data establish the foundation for in-depth study of the regulation of CodY in B. thuringiensis, and also offer a potential biocatalyst for functions of CodY in other bacteria.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.930-942
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• 2008

Following conclusions were derived from researching various consumption caused after surgical operation. The meaning of surgery in HyungSang medical point of view is a big flaw of the original configuration. Therefore meaning, the loss of container to store something. Changes of the body after surgery can be formation of stagnated blood and abnormal cyst of the removed part and entangled undigested food and stagnant blood. After surgery when the symptoms become chronic or the patients develop side effects as they age, consumption and aging process begins. HyungSang medical treatments of consumption caused after surgery are the followings. We should prevent aging of the framework by using appropriate medication to make up for faults in Gall Bladder, Bladder type and six meridian type by considering its form, color, pulse and symptoms. Stability of emotion that can endure various mental stimulation is needed. Prevent stagnation, indigestion, obstruction and numbness by smoothing up the constructive energy and the defensive energy in the operated part. The Heart and Kidney should be under control and Stomach and Spleen should be reinforced so that food intake is accelerated and produce vital substances and Ki and blood. Eum blood and Yang Ki should circulate around the body well. Examine daily life and if small changes in skin complexion, appetite, sleep and excretion occur, also difference in adaptation of external stimulation and mental health occurs immediate treatment and care is necessary. Treatment of side-effects caused from both aging process and post-surgery in HyungSang's view point is considered better than other ways of treatment and will contribute in expanding the field of medical science.

• Korean Journal of Anesthesiology
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• v.71 no.6
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• pp.467-475
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• 2018

Background: The Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) is a widely-used, self-rated, and self-completed questionnaire for postoperative patients. The questionnaire is intended to elicit information from each patient regarding the quality of recovery during the postoperative period. It is noteworthy, however, that an official Korean version of the QoR-40 (QoR-40K) has not been established. The purpose of this study was to develop the QoR-40K by translation and cultural adaptation process and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the QoR-40K. Methods: After pre-authorization from the original author of the QoR-40, the translation procedure was established and carried out based upon Beaton's recommendation to create a QoR-40K model comparable to the original English QoR-40. Two hundred surgical patients were enrolled, and each completed the questionnaire during the preoperative period, on the third day, and 1 month after surgery. The QoR-40K was compared with the visual analogue scale (VAS) and another health-related questionnaire, the Short-form Health Survery-36 (SF-36). The method of validation for QoR-40K included test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and level of responsiveness. Results: Spearman's correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was 0.895 (P < 0.001), and Cronbach's alpha of the global QoR-40K on the third day after surgery was 0.956. A positive correlation was obtained between the QoR-40K and the mental component summary of SF-36 (${\rho}=0.474$, P < 0.001), and a negative correlation was observed between QoR-40K and VAS (${\rho}=-0.341$, P < 0.001). The standardized responsive mean of the total QoR-40K was 0.71. Conclusions: The QoR-40K was found to be as acceptable and reliable as the original English QoR-40 for Korean patients after surgery, despite the apparent differences in the respective patients' cultural backgrounds.