• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2021

This study was undertaken to clarify the effects of omega-3 fatty acid on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. Rabbits were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Each group received intravenous infusion of saline only, saline and Escherichia coli endotoxin, omegaven infuison (0.5 mL/kg/hr) and endotoxin, lipoven (0.5 mL/kg/hr) and endotoxin respectively. Infusion of saline was started 0.5 hr before the infusion of saline or endotoxin, and omegaven and lipoven were started 2 hours after endotoxin infusion for 4 hours. The lungs of rabbits were ventilated with 40% oxygen. Mean blood pressure, heart rate, arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), and peripheral blood leukocyte were recorded. The wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio of lung and lung injury score were measured, and analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was done. Endotoxin decreased PaO2, and peripheral blood leukocyte and platelet count. And it increased W/D ratio of lung, lung injury score and leukocyte count, percentage of PMN cells, concentration of IL-8 in BALF. Omegaven attenuated all these changes except for peripheral blood leukocyte counts. Omegaven attenuated endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rabbits mainly by inhibiting neutrophil and IL-8 responses, which may play a central role in endotoxin-related lung injury.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.301-316
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of heat stimuli (e.g., fire needling, warm needling) in acupuncture for acute gout. Methods: Four international online databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched to identify randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) that used fire needling and warm needling for acute gout. The methodological quality of the RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB) tool. Thirteen RCTs (840 patients) were included and analyzed. Three evaluation tools (total effective rate, uric acid level, and pain score) were mainly used. Comparisons were made between Western medicine (WM) and i) fire needling or warm needling treatment alone, ii) fire needling and bloodletting combination treatment, iii) combination of fire needling, bloodletting, and herbal medicine, iv) warm needling (concurrently). Heat stimuli in acupuncture alone or in combination treatment were more effective in terms of the total efficacy rates, uric acid levels, and pain scores than WM alone. Results: In all the evaluation tools, the treatment effects in the fire needling alone or warm needling alone treatment group and the fire needling and bloodletting combination intervention group were significantly better than those in the WM control group. The warm needling and WM combination intervention groups also experienced significantly better treatment effects in terms of total efficacy rates and uric acid levels. Only the pain scores in the fire needling, bloodletting, and herbal medicine combination groups demonstrated significant improvement. Only four studies mentioned adverse reactions: one reported loss of appetite; three studies reported none. According to the Cochrane RoB tool, most studies showed either high or uncertain RoB. Conclusion: Heat stimuli during acupuncture could be effective for acute gout. However, as the included studies were regionally biased, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm the level of evidence.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.143-155
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• 2002

In the hope of identifying anti-leukemic agents from traditional herbal medicines. this study was designed to investigate the anti-leukemic effects of the herbal medicine Jipaesan, which is composed of Angelica Dahurica and Fritillariae Verticillata. in acute promyeloid leukemia HL-60 cells. Jipaesan showed anti-proliferative effect through the induction of differentiation and apoptosis in HL -60 cells. Verticinone as a major differentiating agent and imperatorin as major apoptosis-inducing agent were isolated from the water extracts of F. Verticillata and A. Dahurica, respectively. Combined treatment of HL-60 cells with two major compounds showed synergy in the induction of differentiation. Since the induction of differentiation and/or apoptosis has therapeutic values in curing acute leukemic diseases. Jipaesan could be useful as an anti-leukemic agent.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 2001

Objectives : In acute stage of CVA, many patients experience Bugibultong as a symptom. Daesiho-tang is one of the most useful prescriptions for constipated stroke patients. This study investigated the effects of Daesiho-tang extracts on hypoxic E18 cortical neuroblast. Methods : To evaluate the effect of Daesiho-tang extracts on enuronal death caused by hypocia the neuronal viability and protein expressions of NMDA receptor subunits, ${\alpha}CaMK$ II PDE2 PSD95 densin-180, $eEF-l{\alpha}$ and GFAP were investigated. Results : We guessed that Daesiho-tang extracts worked to protect against cell damage through effecting on the protein expression of PSD(post synatpic density), especially increase of ${\alpha}CaMK$ II, $eEF-l{\alpha}$ PDE2, PSD95 and densin-180 Conclusions : According to the above results, it is supposed that Daesiho-tang is clinically applicable to stroke patients in the acute stage.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2004

Mancozeb, a polymeric complex of zinc and manganese salts of ethylene bisthiocarbamate (EBDC), is used widely in agriculture as fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides. Mancozeb can be occupationally and environmentally exposed to human and has been reported to induce estrogenic activity, therein it is considered as an endocrine disrupter, We investigated the effects of acute exposure of Mancozeb on the immune function in mice. After single oral administration of Mancozeb to female ICR mice, the immunopathological parameters (body- and organ-weight, splenic cellularity hematological parameters), mitogen (Con A, PHA+IL-2, LPS)-induced splenocyte proliferation (SP) and splenic IgM plaque forming cell (PFC). WBC and splenic cellularity were decreased, but liver-, kidney-, and spleen-weight were increased when compared with control group. Splenic IgM PFC against SRBC was slightly lowered. Mitogen-induced proliferation of spleen cells from Mancozeb-treated mice was not signifcantly changed ex vivo, however, SP in vitro were significantly lowered in concentration dependent manner. These results indicate that Mancozeb could affect the immune function in mice.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 1988

The effects of altering the hepatic mixed-function oxidase(MFO) activities on the acute toxicity of parathion were examined in female rats. Phenobarbital sodium pretreatment (50mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 4 consecutive days has resulted in significant decreases in the toxicity of parathion (2 or 4 mg/kg, i.p.) as determined by lethality and cholinesterase activities wheras the toxicity arising from a single dose of CCl4(2 mmol/kg, i.p.) 24 hr prior to parathion challenge was potentiated.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.257-264
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• 1996

The protective effect of human urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) on acute pancreatitis was studied in beagle model. After pancreatitis was experimentally induced in beagle dogs by infusing trypsin and sodium taurocholate into the accessory pancreatic ducts under laprotomy, effects of UTI were compared to those of aprotinin. Routine physical examination, hematology and blood chemistry values were used as parameters and checked on a periodical basis during the experiment. At the end of experiment, surviving animals were sacrificed and liver, kidney, and pancreas were histologically examined. The results of this study warrant the development of UTI as new therapeutics for acute pancreatitis.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.174-178
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• 2002

Phellinus linteus (Hymenocaetaceae) is a member of Basidiomycotinae, which has been used for the treatment of gastric cancer, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, diarrhea, and menstrual irregularity. To investigate the diuretic action of Phellinus linteus, urinary volume, serum parameters and urinary electrolytes in HgCl$_2$-induced acute renal failure rats in vivo were measured. The results showed that its MeOH extract produced significant increases on urinary volume, sodium and potassium excretion, and revealed lowering effects of the abnormally elevated BUN, creatinine and uric acid value in acute renal failure rats.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.55-57
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• 2017

A 5-year-old, 2.7 kg, spayed female Scottish Fold cat presented with hematemesis after administration of oral zaltoprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, by the owner. Diagnostic imaging and blood analyses indicated development of acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from zaltoprofen ingestion. To correct dehydration and anemic conditions, the cat received intravenous fluid therapy with whole blood transfusion and peroral N-acetylcysteine. Clinical signs resolved, but persistent azotemia was unresolved indicating that AKI could progress to chronic kidney disease. This case suggests that although zaltoprofen may have low adverse effects on humans, administration of zaltoprofen in cats can have serious adverse effects.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 1991

Prodrugs of flurbiprofen, 1,2-ethanediolester(FE) and 1,4-butanediolester(FB) were prepared and their biopharmaceutical studies were performed. The prodrugs showed high stability in simulated gastric fluid, simulated intestinal fluid and pancreatin-saturated solution. Pharmacokinetic parameters of the prodrugs were similar to those of their parent drug. However they showed less acute toxicity and gastric irritation and higher anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.