• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.192-196
• /
• 2002

To investigate the effect of intravenous ethanol administration on pancreatic exocrine secretion, we measured volume and protein amount in pancreatic juice and assayed amylase activity and phospholipase $A_2$ activity in pancreatic fragments and serum. Acute pancreatitis induced by obstruction of common bile-pancreatic duct (CBPD) and caerulein infusion (5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/hr) showed typical characteristics, such as hyperamylasemia and pancreatic edema and increase of phospholipase $A_2$ activity in pancreatic fragments and serum. Intravenous ethanol infusion (50 mg/kg/hr) significantly stimulated pancreatic exocrine secretion, but such a stimulatory effect of ethanol disappeared at dose of 100 mg/kg/hr without typical symptoms of acute pancreatitis. In microscopic examination, there were no typical changes of edematous pancreatitis in ethanol administrated rats. These results suggest that acute ethanol administration has dual effect on exocrine pancreatic secretion: low dose of ethanol (50 mg/kg/hr) stimulates pancreatic exocrine secretion, whereas high dose of ethanol (100 mg/kg/hr) does not without typical changes of edematous pancreatitis.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.2 no.5
• /
• pp.629-635
• /
• 1998

It has been suggested that oxygen free radicals are involved in the initiation process of acute pancreatitis, although its pathogenesis is not clear. This study evaluates the roles of oxygen radicals and the effects of small molecular antioxidants (rebamipide, N-acetyl-cysteine, allopurinol, ${\beta}-carotene)$ on the development of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. Acute edematous pancreatitis was induced by the intravenous infusion of cerulein at supramaximal dose of 10 ${\mu}g/kg/hour$ for 3.5 hours. The effects of antioxidants, rebamipide (100 mg/kg, i.p.), N-acetyl-cysteine (200 mg/kg, i.v.), allopurinol (20 mg/kg/hour), ${\beta}-carotene$ (50 mg/kg, i.p.), were examined. Cerulein administration resulted in a significant increase in serum amylase activity and pancreatic malondialdehyde (MDA), but not glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx). The glutathione (GSH) content in pancreatic tissue decreased dramatically. Pretreatment of N-acetyl-cysteine significantly decreased the cerulein-induced hyperamylasemia and maintained GSH content in pancreas, but MDA was slightly decreased. In addition, N-acetyl-cysteine ameliorated histological damage. Allopurinol and ${\beta}-carotene$ attenuated cerulein-induced hyperamylasemia, but histologically there was no difference from control. These results indicate that oxygen free radicals play an important role in the initiation of experimental acute pancreatitis. N-acetyl-cysteine is an effective antioxidant that ameliorates the cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis, and the possible therapeutic application of antioxidants against acute pancreatitis needs a further evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.81 no.6
• /
• pp.1436-1447
• /
• 2020

Purpose To investigate the clinical and CT features at admission to predict the progression to necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) in patients initially diagnosed with interstitial edematous pancreatitis (IEP). Materials and Methods Patients with IEP who underwent contrast-enhanced CT at admission and follow-up CT (< 14 days) were included (n = 178). Two radiologists performed a consensus review of follow-up CT scans and diagnosed the type of acute pancreatitis as IEP or NP. Laboratory findings at admission were recorded. Clinical, CT, and laboratory findings were compared between the IEP-IEP group and IEP-NP group using the chi-square test and the t-test. Multivariate analysis was also performed. Results There were 112 and 66 patients in the IEP-IEP and the IEP-NP groups, respectively. The proportion of patients with alcohol etiology was significantly larger in the IEP-NP group. Among the CT findings, the presence of peripancreatic fluid and heterogeneous parenchymal enhancement were more frequently observed in the IEP-NP group. Among the laboratory variables, serum C-reactive protein levels and white blood cell counts were significantly higher in the IEP-NP group. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of peripancreatic fluid and heterogeneous parenchymal enhancement were significant findings distinguishing the two groups. Conclusion CT findings, such as the presence of peripancreatic fluid and heterogeneous pancreatic parenchymal enhancement, may be helpful in predicting the progression to NP in patients initially diagnosed with IEP.