• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.759-766
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• 2011

We conducted this study to develop a high value black garlic Makgeolli that was made of black garlic extract (BGE) and Sulgidduk. We investigated the quality characteristics of Makgeolli made with three different combinations of materials (control, Sulgidduk only; A, Sulgidduk combined with 15% BGE and water; B, Sulgidduk combined with 15% BGE instead of water). The pH of A and B were higher than the control, but the titratable acidity of A and B were lower. The sugar and alcohol contents of A and B increased during fermentation. A similar growth pattern was observed invisible cells, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria in all three Makgeolli. In A and B, the quantity of lactic acid bacteria was relatively higher than the yeast. The L value (lightness) was highest in the control, and the a value (redness) and b value (yellowness) were higher in A and B. The antioxidant properties of the three types of Makgeolli were evaluated using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) radical scavenging activities. In these assays, B showed significantly higher radical scavenging activities than the other two Makgeolli.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.111-120
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• 2010

The policy which encourages people to use cars on the road has been based on the growth of economy in Korea. It has also caused the concentration and overcrowding in Seoul. That's because the increasing number of people possessing cars interconnects with the urban development. The transportation is a derived demand; so many scholars have recognized the importance of understanding the relationship between urban land use and transport. Considering such importance, this study theoretically compared the developed urban land use-transportation models each other and outlined the particular models briefly. Models were categorized by 2 types; optimizing model and predictive mode. Predictive model is also defined by static model, entropy based model, spatial-economic model, and activity model. After studying models, we investigated other major cities in America. This process is the pre-step for transport policy assessment. Through careful literature review, we can finally develop the integrated land-use transportation model in Seoul metropolitan area. In addition, we will be able to deal the changes of traffic demand pattern under U-Society. Consequently, the results of this study can be applied to ITS projects in the future.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.37-48
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• 2005

The efficiency of power supply circuits such as DC-DC converters and batteries varies on the trend of the power consumption because their efficiencies are not fixed. To analyze the efficiency of power supply circuits, we need the temporal behavior of the power consumption of the loads, which is dependent on the activity factors of the devices during the operation. Since it is not easy to model every detail of those factors, one of the most accurate power consumption analyses of power supply circuits is measurement of a real system, which is expensive and time consuming. In this paper, we introduce an active load emulator for embedded systems which is capable of power measurement, logging, replaying and synthesis. We adopt a pattern recognition technique for data compression in that long-term behaviors of power consumption consist of numbers of repetitions of short-term behaviors, and the number of short-term behaviors is generally limited to a small number. We also devise a heterogeneous structure of active load elements so that low-speed, high-current active load elements and high-speed, low-current active load elements may emulate large amount and fast changing power consumption of digital systems. For the performance evaluation of our load emulator, we demonstrate power measurement and emulation of a hard drive. As an application of our load emulator, it is used for the analysis of a DC-DC converter efficiency and for the verification of a low-power frequency scaling policy for a real-time task.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.149-158
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• 2012

In this paper, we measured the variations of radon concentrations in groundwater using low-level Liquid Scintillation Counter (LSC), an instrument for analyzing the alpha and beta radionuclides at its 10 sites around the Kumjung-Gu, north-western of Busan. Optimization of Pulse Shape Analyzer (PSA) to determinate the highest value of figure of merit (FM) was decided using Quantulus 1200 LSC with radium-226 source, the optimal PSA level was shown in the range of 100 to 110. The results show that the Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) of radon concentrations is 0.61 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$ for 20 minutes in PSA level. We find that the average radon concentration in groundwater is high in granitic rock area and low in volcanic rock area. (Biotite granite : 191.39 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$, Micro graphic granite : 141.88 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$, Adamellite : 92.94 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$, Andesite (volcanic) : 35.35 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$). No significant seasonal variation pattern is observed from the long-term variation analysis from 10 selected sites. We have not seen the significant correlation of radon concentration to groundwater temperature, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric pressure and rainfall. The concentration variation is probably caused by more complex factors and processes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.1 s.91
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• pp.25-42
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• 2005

Costume is a formative art expressed by active human unlike the field of other living formativeness, and an expression of social actions based on a style of culture in a period. Therefore, costume has a deep connection with a mode of living and is recognized as a 'culture for living', and is more characteristic culture than all metaphysical cultures including architecture, craft, painting, and sculpture. Therefore, it expresses wearer's status or social standing, and furthermore, ideas and values of the times with aesthetic features in their form, color, materials, and pattern, so it is expressed as a mirror reflecting the phases of the times as. Korean costume had been dressed until the period of the Joseon Dynasty without a great change and started to be simplified in a simple style on the grounds of inconvenience in behaviors with the opening of an interchange of Western culture in the civilized period. And, this movement had been continued and Korean costume had been applied as an everyday dress under the name of 'Reformed Korean Costume'. Since the middle phase of 1980s, it aroused many people's interests with the introduction of designs focused on activity and convenience. In 1990's, many people had taken a growing interest in Korean costume with development of various designs keeping pace with the internationalization period and Korean Costume had been revitalized under the name of 'The Modernized Korean Costume'. And, since the 21st century, the advanced communication and full-scaled import of Western fashion have made the introduction of many fashion information in the world into Korea, affected greatly the fashion market, led consumers' sensitivity on a trend to be increased. Therefore, a design accepting a trend 'The Modernized Korean Costume' with fashions has risen. Second, this study is an attempt to suggest a revitalization method of domestic casual Korean costume brands by developing and suggesting competitive and highly value-added products with connection of practicality, variety, and highly sensitive fashion styles. For theoretical study, domestic and foreign literatures, academic journals, professional monthly magazines, and newspapers were examined. And, a process of change and features of the Korean fashion since the civilization period, and concept, features and images of casual Korean costume were analyzed, On the basis of analyzing image, features, and consumers' preference of the modernized Korean costume, a design development plan was established and 10 suits of costume were designed and made.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2003

The different perceiving patterns of each picture, alphabetic words and Chinese characters, were widely investigated psychophysically. The more precise localisation can be done in terms of brain activity us-ing functional image technique such as PET and fMRI recently, Until now, there was no fMRI study to make direct comparison between perception of single Chinese character and simplified pictures (pictograph). We have made direct comparison of these two components using modern magnetic resonance techniques. We cannot confirm the right hemispheric dominance for perception of single Chinese character and pictographs. These two kinds of perceiving pattern can be underlying different mechanism.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.426-436
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• 1996

In previous studies, we have shown that lysosomal add phosphatase (LAP) activity increases at the dedifferentiation stage in the regenerating larval limbs of salamander, Hynobius leechii. Monoclonal antibodies against LAP were generated to determIne the spatial and temporal distribution of the protein In the regenerates.A total of 22 monoclonal antihodies recognizIng different epftopes of the protein were obtained, of which five strongly stained the regenerating limb by imunohistochemistry. in LAP immunohistochemical examination, LAP showed distribution coincident with the state of dedifferentiation, both spatially and temporally, in the limb regenerates. When unfractioned protein of regenerating salamander limbs were separated by gel electrophoresis and immunoblotted, the antibodies recognized a single protein band of 53 kl)a, which comigrates with a monomerlc subunit of IAR Using the anti-IAP antibodIes as probe, we investigated the cross-reactivities of LAPs from other sources. The immunoreadive bands on Western blots appeared to be the same In molecular mass-53 kl)a in axoloti and Xenopus, but no protein band was detected in mouse, Drosophila, or C. elegans.These results show that the antibodies generated in this study spedfically recognize Hynoblus leeclili IAp and that IAPs may be highiy conserved among amphibians. Furthermore, the distdbution of the protein is consistent with a role for LAP in the dedifferentiation process of limb regeneration.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 1996

Treatment of regenerating amphibian limbs with retinoic acid (RA) is known to induce paftern duplication, which is closely related to the extent of dedifferentiation. In the present study, the activities of trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteases are examined to delineate a possible role in the process of dedifferentiation in the regenerating limbs of urodeles, the Korean salamander (Hynobius leechii) and the Mexican axolod (Ambystoma mexicanum). Specifically, we were interested to know if there is any correlation between trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like protease activities and the state of dedifferentiation which is augmented by RA treatment. We were also interested in expoloring if there is any species-specific difference in the profile of enzyme activities during limb regeneration. The results showed that the activities of these two enzymes reached a peak level at dedifferentiation stage, and RA treatment caused elevation of their activities, especially in the case of trypsin-like protease. The increase of trypsin-like protease activity after RA treatment was pronounced in the Korean salamander, which might reflect a species-specific responsiveness to RA. The present results imply that trypsin and chymotrypsin or similar proteases may play an active role in the process of dedifferentiation in regenerating limbs, and that trypsin or trypsin-like eryrymes might be involved in the RA-evoked enhancement of dedifferentiation which precedes overt pattern duplication.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.601-608
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• 2020

In this work, Ag₃PO₄/In₂S₃ nanocomposites with low loading of In₂S₃ (5-15 wt %) are fabricated by two step chemical precipitation approach. The microstructure, composition and improved photoelectrochemical properties of the as-prepared composites are studied by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photocurrent density, EIS and amperometric i-t curve analysis. It is found that most of In₂S₃ nanoparticles are deposited on the surfaces of Ag₃PO₄. The as-prepared Ag₃PO₄/In₂S₃ composite (10 wt%) is selected and investigated by SEM and TEM, which exhibits special morphology consisting of lager size substrate (Ag₃PO₄), particles and some nanosheets (In₂S₃). The introduction of In₂S₃ is effective at improving the charge separation and transfer efficiency of Ag₃PO₄/In₂S₃, resulting in an enhancement of photoelectric behavior. The origin of the enhanced photoelectrochemical activity of the In₂S₃-modified Ag₃PO₄ may be due to the improved charge separation, photocurrent stability and oriented electrons transport pathways in environment and energy applications.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.46-66
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• 2002

High-resolution multichannel seismic data were collected in the coastal area near the Gori nuclear power plant to investigate Quaternary fault pattern and timing. A 12 channel streamer, a sparker, and a portable recorder were used for data acquisition. Because the group interval of the streamer was 6.25 m and the sparker can generate acoustic waves with the frequency content of up to 500 Hz, the data show a significant improvement both in horizontal and vertical resolution. The area surveyed is covered with 30-40 m thick Holocene sediments that constitute the mud belt along the southeastern coast of Korea. The survey area is characterized by the well discriminated Pleistocene and Holocene boundary and shallow gas-charged zones. A number of Quaternary faults were found in the sediment column, that are nearly vertical and extend north-south. The Quaternary faults, arranged at a spacing of a few hundred meters, suggest that they were formed in response to compression, although some of them reveal extensional characteristics. Locally, faults disrupt Incised-channel fills that are interpreted to have formed in the early stage of transgression after the beginning of the Holocene. Seismic sections suggest that shallow gas in the mud belt sediments made its way upward through the fractured fault planes. The tectonism responsible for the opening of the East Sea has not persisted since the late Miocene, but vigorous Quaternary faulting activity in the vicinity of the southeastern Korean Peninsula indicates that tectonic stability has yet to be achieved in this region underlain by the hotter than normal mantle.