• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.104-104
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• 2003

In this study, seven grain seeds(sorghum maize, buckwheat, soy bean, mung bean, red bean, and barngrass) and germinated seven grain seeds were examined the fibrinolytic activity through fibrin plate assay and SDS-PAGE. The results obtained were as follows : 1. In the fibrin plate assay, the extracts of maize, barngrass, sorghum and buckwheat showed fibrinolytic activity. Especially, Maize of them showed fibrinolytic activity that was almost similar to plasmin, fibrinolytic enzyme used as a positive control. 2. In the SDS-PAGE of seven grain seeds, fibrinolytic activity was remarkably shown in mung bean and red bean. 3. In the fibrin plate assay of germinated grain seeds, buckwheat(5 mm), buckwheat(10 mm) and soy bean(10 mm) showed a level of fibrinolytic activity that was about 0.3 fold than 1.0 unit of plasmin, Also maize(10 mm) of them showed a level of fibrinolytic activity that was about 0.5 fold than 1.0 unit of plasmin. As a result, maize of grain seeds was found that it has a strong fibrinolytic activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2007

In this study, we tried to quantitatively study the distribution of estrogenic activity in sediment from Gwangyang Bay by E-screen assay. Besides, we compared the estrogenic activity and the concentration of chemical pollutants. The highest estrogenic activity was recorded at the stations(GY6 and GY8) close to industrial complex and the river mouth of Seomjin. These results obtained from the E-screen assay similar to those of simultaneous analytical detection of 310 chemicals. In particular, GY6 and GY8 sites are confirmed as the full agonist sites because of their RPE values were over 90% having strong estrogenic effect. Also, their EEQ(Estradiol Equivalency Quantity) values are 35.6 ng/g and 14.6 ng/g, low than that of other sites, and these results suggests that have relatively high estrogenic efficiency in Gwangyang Bay. From these results, we can estimate that the stations close to industrial complex and the river mouth of Seomjin are major sources of endocrine disrupter in Gwangyang Bay. On the other hand, when we tried to compare the endocrine disrupter activity and $COD_{Mn}$ value, that is not correlated.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2000

The purposes of our study were to optimize the conditions of the screening and testing methods for endocrine disruptors, to characterize these assays using several compounds with well-defined endocrine activity, and to compare the sensitivity between these assays currently undergoing validation. Two in vitro test systems, MCF-7 cells proliferation (E-screen assay) and competitive binding to estrogen receptors (ER) were selected to evaluate the estrogenic effects. 17$\beta$-Estradiol (E2) and diethylstilbestrol (DES) were used as a positive control in vitro test. Also, E2 and ethinyl estradiol (EE) were used as a positive control in vivo uterotrophic assay. In in vitro test, E2 and DES showed a strong estrogenic response at concentration of 1.0 nM. In uterotrophic assay, E2 (0.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg) and EE (0.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg) produced a significant increase in uterus and vagina weight in both immature and ovariectomized rats. Although we did not com-pared the specificity between in vivo and in vitro assays, these assay systems may serve as a good tool for endocrine disruptors screening methods. Our data indicate that these assay systems exhibit some difference in their sensitivity to the same estrogenic compounds. Therefore, as a first rapid screening assay for estrogenic activity qf unknown chemicals, at least two assay systems should probably be carried out with a view of high sensitivity and standardization conditions. Also, a careful validation tests are necessary to obtain a reasonable degree of reproducibility.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 2012

In this study, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the extracts from pericarp and seed of $Vitis$ $coignetiea$, which were extracted with 0.1% HCl-60% ethanol, were analyzed. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was determined by paper disc diffusion method against food spoilage and food-borne pathogens. The pericarp extract showed high antibacterial activity against $Bacillus$ $cereus$, $Escherichia$ $coli$ O157:H7, and $Pseudomonas$ $aeruginosa$, and the seed extract represented the high antibacterial activity against $B.$ $cereus$, $E.$ $coli$ O157:H7, and $Staphylococcus$ $aureus$. The cytotoxicity of the $Vitis$ $coignetiea$ extract against human cancer cells was determined using the MTT assay and SRB assay. The pericarp extract represented strong growth-inhibition activity against G361 and Hep3B cells and the seed extract greatly inhibited the growth of HeLa and G361 cells in the MTT assay. In addition, the pericarp extract displayed a high inhibition activity against the growth of AGS cells and the seed extract greatly inhibited the growth of HeLa, Hep3B, and MCF7 cells in the SRB assay. Especially, the cytotoxicities of the seed extract against HeLa were significantly higher than those of the extract against other cancer cells at all test concentrations. This study demonstrates that the extract from pericarp and seed of $Vitis$ $coignetiea$ possess high antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.556-562
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• 2006

Ten semi-synthetic derivatives of asiatic acid were prepared and their wound healing effects were evaluated by employing a tensile strength assay and a wound area assay. Among them, ethoxymethyl 2-oxo-3,23-isopropylidene-asiatate (12) showed the strongest and the fastest wound healing activity. Furthermore, it left the smallest scar after healing.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.171-175
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• 1995

Effects of $Biozyme_{R}$ and $\textrm{Business}_{R}$ on alcohol metabolism in rats, and on the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) were studied in vitro. Alcohol concentration in rat blood was decreased after the treatment of Business(3.3 mι/kg, Biozyme 1.67 mg/wι) and Biozyme(3.3 mι/kg, 1.67 mg/mι) prior to the administration of ethanol(25%, 0.83 g/kg). And the acetaldehyde concentration of rat blood was also decreased when compared with control values in the same condition. Effects of Biozyme on ADH and ALDH activity were also studied. While the ALDH activity was elevated in the presence of Biozyme(2 $\mu\textrm{g}$/assay), the ADH activity was not influenced by Biozyme at the concentration range from 2 $\mu\textrm{g}$/assay to 0.2 mg/assay. In summary, Biozyme accelerated the rate of ethanol metabolism and the acceleration might be due to the increase in ALDH activity.vity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 2015

Ten phenolic compounds were isolated from the twigs of Stewartia pseudocamellia. The isolated compounds were identified as 5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxyflavanone (1), 3,5,7,3',5'-pentahydroxyflavanone (2), quercetin (3), (+)-aromadendrin (4), (+)-ampelopsin (5), myricetin (6), (+)-catechin (7), (-)-epicatechin (8), kaempferol (9), and fraxin (10) by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 9 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The antioxidant activities of compounds 1-10 were evaluated by the DPPH and/or ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) assay. Compounds 3, 5-9 showed significant antioxidative effects on DPPH assay. Among the active compounds, 6 exhibited higher activity compared to trolox on ORAC assay.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 1995

We established the model of clonogenic assay with cancer cell lines such as SW-156(kidney), SNU-5(stomach), Hep G2(liver), and WiDr(colon), and we investigated anticancer effect of hydrophobic protein fraction(N-fraction) from Korea red ginseng by using this model. The results of clonogenic assay showed that N-fraction had anticancer activity against SNU-5 above 100 $0.2\mu\textrm{g}$/ml concentration, and did not exhibit anticancer activity against cell lines such as SW-156, WiDr, and Hep G2 up to 1,000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml concentration. This result suggests that N-fraction has specially anti-stomach cancerous effect.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.78-78
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• 2019

The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant activities of the plants with origin of Vietnam. The Embelia scandens (Lour.) Mez which is a species of plant in the family Myrsinaceae and Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl., which is a species of plant in the family Cornaceae were tested for antioxidant activities. Samples were prepared using 95% ethanol using DPPH assay for assessing the antioxidant activity. Ascorbic acid was used for positive control for DPPH assay. DPPH assay experiment showed that extracts of the Embelia scandens (Lour.) Mez and Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl. might have anti-oxidant activity 4.77 times and 5.65 times higher, respectively, compared to control. To determine the cell toxicity, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used. MTT assay experiment showed that Embelia scandens (Lour.) Mez might have 13.1% more toxicity whereas Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl. might have 47.3% less toxicity compared to control. Taken together, these experiments showed that Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl. extracts might have significantly higher antioxidant activities and relatively lower toxicity, compared to control.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.319-326
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• 2005

It is well known that oxidative stress of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be a causative factor in the pathenogenesis of bone disorder on osteoblast or osteoclast. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of oxidative stress, protective effect of glutamate receptor antagoinst against ROS-induced osteotoxicity, secretion of tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-\alpha$ and the expression of c-fos gene in the cultured rat osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Cell viability by MTS assay or !NT assay, activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), lipid peroxidation (LPO) activity, protein synthesis by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, MTS assay for NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor antagonist or AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, measurement for $TNF-\alpha$, and c-fos gene expression were performed after these cells were treated with or without various cocentrations of xanthine oxidase (XO), hypoxanthine (HX), D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV), 7-chlorokynurenic acid (CKA), 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), respectively. In this study, XO/HX showed decreased cell viability and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, but it showed increased LPO activity, $TNF-\alpha$ secretion and c-fos expression. APV and CKA incresed protein sythesis and ALP activity. While, CNQX or DNQX did not show any protective effect in LDH activity or cell viability. From these results, XO/HX showed cytotoxic effect in cultured rat osteoblast or osteoclast, and also NMDA receptor antagonist such as APV or CKA was effective in blocking XO/HX-induced osteotoxicity in these cultures.