• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.212-215
• /
• 2005

Ethanol crude extracts of wood, bark, leaf, and fruit of Callistenwn citrinus were compared for their antioxidant activities based on DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity and reducing power. Bark extract showed the most potent radical-scavenging activity and reducing power, showing 94.1 and 0.64% at 25 and $100\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Total phenolic content of the bark extracts (275.0 mg GAE/g) was higher than those of others. Further fractionation of the bark extract using hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$, and EtOAc showed EtOAc fraction had the highest antioxidant activity ($IC_{50}\;6.7\;{\mu}g/mL$) and reducing power (0.82 at $100\;{\mu}g/mL$), with total phenolic content of 611.1 mg GAE/g. Total phenolic contents correlated with antioxidant activity ($R^2\;=\;0.7061$) and reducing power ($R^2\;=\;0.7399$).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.98-105
• /
• 2010

Health of the people involved in blood sugar, blood pressure, activity, and using bio-sensors to obtain biometric information, the system for monitoring health research for development is a lot. This paper analyzes the bio information by monitoring the u-health care agent system was developed. Activity measurement technology that uses 3-axis accelerometer sensor. 3-axis acceleration sensors, using information obtained from activity to activity analysis to calculate the exact algorithm was developed. More accurate than the existing system to calculate the calorie consumption, it is stored in the database management. and you can check your health status using of activity and bio-information.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.665-673
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to propose optimal mixing proportion by adding stevia in powder form, which are low caloric and high intensity sweetener to cookies, and to determine the characteristic of product. It reduced the average sugar content of cookies to 50%, processed stevia powder, add them in 2, 4, 6, and 8% to make cookies and measured various product characteristics, including anti-oxidant activity. The antioxidant activity was highly correlated with the total phenolic composition of stevia cookies (r=0.967). Total phenolic contents and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of cookies significantly increased with increasing stevia powder. The bulk density of the dough, spread factor and the hardness, total polyphenol contents and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of cookies significantly increased with increasing stevia powder, while the pH of the dough, and L values of the cookies decreased with increasing stevia powder content (p<0.001). Additionally, the consumer acceptability scores for the 4% stevia cookie groups ranked significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of the other groups in color, taste, flavor, sweetness and overall preference. All the take together, the results of this study suggest that stevia powder is a good ingredient for increasing the consumer acceptability and the functionality of cookies.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.37-48
• /
• 1993

Effect of plant hormones on the leaf senescence of mung bean (Phseoln radiatus) was investigated by measuring the changes of reducing sugar contents and invertase isozyme activities in detached leaves treated with NAA, $GA_3$ or BA. During dark-induced senescence, reducing sugar contents in the detached leaves increased temporarily at 4 6, thereafter decreased rapidly and reached minimum values within 7-14 6. The pattern of soluble acid invertase activity in the senescing leaves kept in the dark was similar to that of reducing sugar accumulation, whereas the activities of alkaline and extracellular invertases were not significantly changed during leaf senescence. Therefore, these results suggest that soluble acid invertase, but not alkaline and extracellular invertases, induces the accumulation of reducing sugar during leaf senescence of Rung bean plants. Exogenous NAA application had little or no effect In the increase of soluble acid invertase activity during dark-induced senescence compared to the control. However, exogenous applications of $GA_3$ and BA led to the increase of soluble acid invertase activity in the senescing leaves. Particularly, BA application was very effective In enhancing the activity of soluble acid invertase as well as in delaying chlorophyll breakdown during dark-induced senescence. These results suggest, therefore, that BA regulates the activity of soluble acid invertase, which leads to the accumulation of reducing sugar, and the stability of photosynthetic apparatus to delay leaf senescence.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2020

We sought to compare upper extremity muscle activity between handwriting on paper and touchscreen with dominant and non-dominant hands in younger adults (age 23.90±1.12) and the elderly (age 75.55±5.76). Muscle activity (percent of maximum voluntary contraction) in the biceps brachii muscle, triceps brachii muscle, flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, and extensor carpi ulnaris muscle was measured using an electromyography device. As a result, our data indicate that muscle activity is lower in younger adults than the elderly. Besides, muscle activity is lower in the dominant versus non-dominant hand, and lower when writing using a touchscreen than on paper. These results can be used to support recommending touchscreens in the elderly. Also, they can be used as baseline data for comparing the performance of non-paretic side and paretic side in patients relative to the central nervous system.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.1299-1304
• /
• 2008

The potential antioxidant activities of different fractions from a 70% methanolic (MeOH) extract of Sonchus oleraceus were assayed in vitro. All of the fractions exception of n-hexane showed a strong antioxidant activity, especially the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction, which showed the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}=19.25{\mu}g/mL$). The results of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and a reducing power assay showed concentration dependence, the EtOAc fraction demonstrating a better result than the other fractions at the same concentration in the studies. Additionally, the fractions' total phenolic (TP) contents was measured, phenolic compounds such as tannic acid, p-coumatric acid, quercetin, epicathchin, and kaempferol being detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Meanwhile, a regression analysis revealed a moderate-to-high correlation coefficient between the antiradical activity and the TP contents, suggesting that fractions obtained from the 70% MeOH extract of S. oleraceus are of potential use as sources of antioxidant material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.169-183
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a safety education system and its contents for technical high schools including textbooks and instruction manuals for teachers. Methods: Reference materials and surveys were both employed in the study. Basic theory and relevant contents were estimated. The contents of safety education included in the current curriculum in technical high schools were evaluated and the laws and regulations related to safety education in such schools were analyzed by researching references. In addition, the status of safety education in technical high schools and the demand for safety education were reviewed. Results: The goal of safety education has been established based on the status and theory of the estimated safety education, The goal was classified into an overall goal and sub-goals, setting five areas of safety education. Furthermore, the contents of safety education, total 17 hours per year for each grade, were organized into 20 content goals and 47 activity elements. These activity factors of safety education has been systemized by grade. Conclusion: All technical high-schools need to carry out safety education based on the contents related to safety education. The operation of this systematic safety education will be more efficient and effective than the current system and the knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding safety at technical high schools are expected to undergo positive changes. Moreover, the result from this study will contribute to the establishment of various policies for safety education in technical high schools.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.1355-1363
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E on liver microsomal cytochrome P450 contents and xanthine oxidase activity in acute cadmium poisoned rats. Sprague Dawley male rats weighing 100$\pm$10g were randomly assigned to one normal and three cadmium injected groups. Cadmium injected groups were fed vitamin E free diet(0E Cd group), 40mg vitamin E per kg diet(40E Cd group) or 400mg vitamin E per kg diet(400E Cd group). Vitamin E level of normal group was 40mg per kg diet. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with 2.0mg Cd2+/kg bw for 4 days after the rats were fed diets with three different levels of vitamin E for 2 and 4 weeks. Body weight, food intake and feed efficiency ratio of cadmium injected animals, were decreased compared with those of normal group. The weights of liver and kidney in cadmium injected groups were not different from those of normal group. Cadmium contents of liver in cadmium groups were 160 fold higher those that of normal group. Accumulation of cadmium poisoned rat liver was reduced by vitamin E supplementation. Contents of blood hemoglobin and hematocrit in 0E Cd groups were decreased to 2~ 14% of those of the other groups. Contents of serum triglyceride in all experimental groups were not significantly different each other. Levels of serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and antherogenic index in 0E Cd and 40E Cd groups were higher than those of normal group, while the contents of HDL cholesterol in 0E Cd and 40E Cd groups were lower than those of normal group. Xanthine oxidase(XOD) activity and cytochrome P450 contents in the liver were significantly increased in cadmium injected groups but these were reduced by vitamin E supplementations. The present results indicate that acute cadmium poisoning in rats causes increasing free radical generation systems in the liver and that leads to liver tissue damage. But these abnormalities can be reduced by dietary vitamin E supplementations.

• Food Engineering Progress
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.176-182
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to analyse the physicochemical characteristics of soybean pastes with the sword beans and general soybean pastes. There was no difference in contents of general component (moisture contents, crude ash, crude fiber, crude fat) among the soybean pastes, but contents of crude protein was higher in J1, J2 compared to the others. Amylase activity was higher in J3, J4 adding the rice, and protease activity was higher in J1, J2 that has higher soybean contents than the others. Reducing sugar contents was higher in J3, J4 that has high amlyase activity with value of 8.53${\pm}$0.45% and 8.36${\pm}$1.05%, and amino-type nitrogen contents was higher in commercial soybean paste K5, K6 than other soybean pastes with value of 668.34${\pm}$4.11 mg% and 642.64${\pm}$2.05 mg% respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.455-460
• /
• 1999

In order to establish the processing condition of salt-fermented liquefaction of sardine (Sardinops melanoslicta), effect of temperature, pH value, and concentration of salinity on crude enzyme activity of sardine viscera were investigated. The optimum temperature range of crude enzyme activity in sardine viscera was $45{\sim}50^{\circ}C$ and the optimum pH value of it was 9.8. According to the concentration of salinity increased the crude enzyme activity in sardine viscera decreased. The relationship between concentration of salinity (X) and the crude enzyme activity (Y) in sardine viscera is shown as follows; Y=-0.01363X+0.7676 (r=-0.88). For the purpose of processing conditions of rapid- and low salt-fermented liquefaction of sardine, changes of viable cell count, histamine content, and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) in the chopped whole sardine with 8% NaCl during preheating process at $40^{\circ},\;45^{\circ}$ and $50^{\circ}C$ for 48 hrs were analyzed. During preheating, initial viable cell counts of chopped whole sardine were $10^{4-7}/g$, but they decreased $10^{1-5}/g$ after 48 hrs. Histamine contents during preheating process at $40^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}C$ were gradually increased, whereas at $50^{\circ}C$ were almost the same level after 48 hrs. VBN contents were continuously increased during preheating, but preheating at $50^{\circ}C$ samples were lower level than that of $40^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}C$ ones. For the purpose to accelerate the fermentation and liquefaction of chopped whole sardine, preheating at optimum temperature of crude enzyme activity for 48 hrs was useful processing method and the contents of viable cell count, histamine, and VBN were safety level for food sanitation.