• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2024

This paper dedcribes the design. verification, and analysis techniques for an advanced phased array antenna. When applying an active phased array antenna to an aircraft or missile, miniaturization of the array antenna and wide-angle beam steering characteristics can be unavoidable antenna design considerations. In particular, the active reflection coefficient characteristics when electronically steering a wide-angle beam is a design parameter that must be minimized in terms of system survival and system performance. As a radiator suitable for broadband characteristics and wide-angle beam steering, this paper designed an array structure using SFN and minimized the active reflection coefficient according to beam steering of up to 40° based on the spherical coordivate system angle. The bandwidth of the radiator was confirmed to be 3GHz based on active reflection in the Ka-band. In addition, the performance of the actually manufactured 8by8 array antenna wsa analyzed by measuring the single pattern of the radiator through a near-field test, mathematically synthesizing it, and predicting the Tx/TRx beam used in the seeker system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.43-55
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a cylindrical active phased array antenna of Beam Steering Characteristics in the horizontal plane(H-plane) and vertical plane(E-Plane) on the cylinder form array structure. We design the bent dipole antenna of the cylindrical array structure adapted excellent mutual-coupling characteristics, designed and manufactured the cylindrical array antennas and power combiner/divider unit for power dividing and combining on the antenna. The radiating elements array spacing of Cylindrical array antenna were determined to avoid grating lobes at half power beam steering. Beam steering of the antenna was implemented with 6-bit phase shifter in the transceiver and have been designed based on the characteristics the antenna beam steering at -24 degrees to 24 degrees horizontal, vertical 0 degrees to 36 degrees beam steering. A cylindrical active phased array antenna that produced for verification the performance of the antenna are measured radiation characteristics in accordance with beam steering at L-Band.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.223-230
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• 2014

In this paper, the single-fed microstrip parasitic array antenna for low-cost three-dimensional beam steering in 5.8GHz ISM(5.725GHz~5.825GHz) band is designed and implemented. The antenna is comprised of one feed active element and four passive elements with variable reactance loads. The beam steering range of implemented antenna is achieved three-dimensional beam steering of ${\pm}28^{\circ}$ at azimuth angle ${\Phi}=0^{\circ}$, ${\Phi}=45^{\circ}$, ${\Phi}=90^{\circ}$, and ${\Phi}=135^{\circ}$ by adjusting variable reactance loads. The maximum gain of the antenna in the beam steering range have within 7.23dBi~9.36dBi and the bandwidth of return loss lower than -10dB covers 5.8GHz ISM band regardless of the beam steering angles.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.87-92
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• 2022

In this paper, a study was conducted on the design of an array element that can be applied to the AESA radar for seeker. An antenna for application to AESA radar should choose an optimal radiation element to be applied to an array antenna in order to secure electronical beam steering characteristics, and consider beam steering characteristics when designing. In particular, in order to satisfy the wide-angle beam steering characteristics, the wide-angle impedance matching technique should be used to minimize the scan blindness region that may occur during wide-angle steering. As such, securing the stability of system operation is becoming an important design consideration for AESA radar. In this paper, WAIM is applied to the end of the radiation element to improve the characteristics of the radiation element applied to the AESA radar antenna device, and the change in the performance of the active reflection coefficient, which is a stable operation index of the system, is reviewed. The final performance result verified the validity of the proposed method by mathematically synthesizing the simulation data.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.6 s.121
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• pp.620-628
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• 2007

An H-sector horn antenna has a constant beam coverage characteristic and it can be useful for application to a wide band phased array antenna system. In this paper, we designed a broadband E-plane H-sector horn phased-array antenna, which has a 3:1 bandwidth and ${\pm}60^{\circ}$ beam steering capability. An H-sector hem antenna was designed to have $30{\sim}50^{\circ}$ half-power beam width in the principal H-plane. The active reflection coefficient including mutual coupling was calculated using a waveguide simulator, and the active reflection characteristic was improved by mutual coupling over wide frequency range. Using these results, an $8{\times}1$ H-sector phased array antenna was fabricated. The measurement results for the half-power beam width in the principal H-plane and the active reflection coefficient showed a good agreement with the simulation results. The peak-value pattern in the steered radiation beams also agreed well with the active element pattern. The measured active reflection coefficients within the beam steering range are mostly less than 0.3 over the 3:1 frequency range.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.386-392
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• 2002

This paper presents a basic characteristics of 4-element circular array dipole antennas for 4-sector beam steering. The coupled integral equations for the unknown current distributions on dipole elements are derived and solved by applying Galerkin's method of moments. The parasitic elements have been used to increase the directional gain and the beam is steered electronically either by sswitching between the parasitic elements or switching the position of the active element. The parasitic elements are switched short-circuited or open-circuited as required to steer a directional beam. In order to verify the theoretical analysis, the radiation pattern was compared with experiments.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2016

This paper presents an X-band (9.375 GHz) $1{\times}2$ array microstrip antenna which is capable of active beam compensation for installation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). First of all, a basic $1{\times}2$ array microstrip antenna incorporated with wilkinson power divider was designed and performance of the array antenna was verified. Next, to verify beam steering performance of the designed array microstrip antenna, we fabricated a phase shifter, and the wilkinson power divider as module structure and measured characteristics of beam steering according to phase shifting. The main lobe is 0.6 dBi at $0^{\circ}$, and the side lobe decreased 18.8 dB. The reliable radiation pattern was achieved. Finally, an active beam steering microstrip array antenna attached with the phase shifter and the power divider on the back side of the antenna was designed and fabricated to install wing of UAV for compactness. The maximum gain is 0.1 dBi. Therefore, we obtained a basic antenna technology for compensating beam error according to wing deformation of an UAV installed array antennas.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2017

In this paper, a planar directional beam-switchable antenna with four orthogonal beam directions is proposed. The proposed antenna is designed with two crossed active elements and two parasitic elements for each direction. The design methodology is described on the basis of the Yagi-Uda method for the active and parasitic elements, respectively. By adjusting the effective electric lengths of the parasitic elements, the roles of a director and a reflector are exchanged with each other. The planar four-way beam-switchable Yagi-Uda antenna is implemented. From the experimental results. The proposed design method is verified for orthogonal radiation beam switching.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2018

The array patterns of a patch array antenna were calculated using an active element pattern (AEP) method that considers ground edge effects. The classical equivalent radiation model of the patch antenna, which is characterized by two radiating slots, was adopted, and the AEPs that include mutual coupling were precisely calculated using full-wave simulated S-parameters. To improve the accuracy of the calculation, the edge diffraction of a ground plane was incorporated into AEP using the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction. The array patterns were then calculated on the basis of the computed AEPs. The array patterns obtained through the conventional AEP approach and the AEP method that takes ground edge effects into account were compared with the findings derived through full-wave simulations conducted using a High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and FEKO software. Results showed that the array patterns calculated using the proposed AEP method are more accurate than those derived using the conventional AEP technique, especially under a small number of array elements or under increased steering angles.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.167-173
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• 2009

This paper proposes an electronically beam steering array antenna, consisting of single fed active element and 4 parasitic elements, operating in 5.8 GHz ISM band. Beam steering can be achieved by controlling the reactance of the variable reactance control circuit connected to the load of the parasitic elements without using the high cost phase shifters. The proposed antenna realizes ${\pm}30^{\circ}$ beam scanning of E-plane and H-plane with the below -10 dB return loss in ISM band. The gain of the $6.18{\sim}7.53\;dBi$ in E-plane and $7.022{\sim}7.779\;dBi$ in H-plane is shown in the scanning range.