• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2005

Background: Throughtout the last three decades, the therapy of leukemias and lymphoma has set the stage for curative cancer therapy in systemic malignant disease. This was the result of an integrated work of basic reaserch and clinical investigators leading to more aggressive albeit tolerable protocol of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. High dose therapy marks the most elaborated strategies in this field today. However, intensification of conventional therapeutic modalities as mentioned has to be based on new approaches and the exploration of new antineoplastic mechanisms. This insight has resulted in immune therapy of cancer. Among the cells of the immune system, natural killer (NK) cells and T cells are of major interest for the development of therapeutic strategies. Methods: Cytotoxicity to target cells was measured by LDH release method, Characterization of activated lymphocyte was measured by Flow cytometry analysis. Anti-CD3, 16, 56 monoclonal antibody and IL-2 were used for the activation of NK and T cell. The analysis of effect of activated lymphocyte, in vivo, were used by Balb/c nude mouse. Results and Conclusion: Cytotoxicity to K562 cells was significantly higher in the mixture group of NK and T cells than that of a group of activating T cells. The survivors and the rate of reduction of size of tumor craft of nude mouse group treatment with activated lymphocyte was higher than that of the group without treatment with activated lymphocyte. Therefore, this results are suggested that the activated lymphocytes by anti-CD3, CD16 and CD56 can reduce the malignancy effect of lymphoma.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.7-10
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 국내에서 DTV 전환에 대비한 기술적 보호조치 방안 마련을 위하여 기술적 보호조치의 방법들에 대하여 간략히 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 유통활성화를 도모하기 위한 기술적 보호조치 방법을 제안하였다. 디지털 방송프로그램을 보호하기 위한 기술적 보호조치는 인터넷을 통한 불법유통을 방지하여 저작권자의 이익을 도모하려는 목적이나, 이로 인하여 방송프로그램 유통의 지나친 억제는 저작권자의 권익보호를 위하여 바람직하지 않다. 따라서 사용자가 보다 편리하고 저렴한 비용으로 방송프로그램을 재시청 및 재활용할 수 있도록 방송프로그램의 기술적 보호조치를 마련하는 것이 저작권자의 권익을 극대화 할 수 있다. 이러한 방법의 하나로 방송프로그램에 콘텐츠 보호선호 및 콘텐츠의 이용을 위한 연결정보를 포함하여 송출하고 방송수선단말에서 사적이용범위 내에서는 방송프로그램을 자유롭게 녹화 및 복사하여 시청할 수 있지만, 사적이용범위 밖으로 복사/전송 시에는 콘텐츠 연결정보만을 복사하고, 이를 재생할 때는 콘텐츠 연결정보를 이용하여 방송프로그램 유통서버로 연결하며, 유통서버와의 통신을 통하여 저렴하고 편리하게 방송프로그램을 사용할 수 있는 기술적 보호조치의 한 방법을 제안하였다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2008

Phase-change random access memory (PRAM) chip cell phase of amorphous state is rapidly changed to crystal state above 160 Celsius degree within several seconds during Infrared (IR) reflow. Thus, on-board programming method is considered for PRAM chip programming. We demonstrated the functional 512Mb PRAM with 90nm technology using several novel core circuits, such as metal-2 line based global row decoding scheme, PN-diode cells based BL discharge (BLDIS) scheme, and PMOS switch based column decoding scheme. The reverse-state standby current of each PRAM cell is near 10 pA range. The total leak current of 512Mb PRAM chip in standby mode on discharging state can be more than 5 mA. Thus in the proposed BLDIS control, all bitlines (BLs) are in floating state in standby mode, then in active mode, the activated BLs are discharged to low level in the early timing of the active period by the short pulse BLDIS control timing operation. In the conventional sense amplifier, the simultaneous switching activation timing operation invokes the large coupling noise between the VSAREF node and the inner amplification nodes of the sense amplifiers. The coupling noise at VSAREF degrades the sensing voltage margin of the conventional sense amplifier. The merit of the proposed sense amplifier is almost removing the coupling noise at VSAREF from sharing with other sense amplifiers.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.23-37
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• 2001

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop and activate anti-tumor herbal acupuncture for cancer patients in South Korea. Methods: We investigated some literatures on anti-tumor herbal acupuncture which is used in South Korea and China, and made diagrams. Results: The results are summarized as follows. Anti-tumor herbal acupuncture is one of the traditional oriental medical method which is effective for cancer patients. In domestic studies, most of herb materials are belong to action of cooling&detoxification(25.0%) and strengthening body resistance(46.4%) which are proved to have effects of anti-tumor, immune activation and preventing tumor. In China, point injection therapy are used for improving symptoms of cancer patients and hea1ing tumor. Also herbal intravenous injection is used for combination of chinese traditional and western cancer therapy and treating cancer patients variously. Conclusions: From the above results. it is expected that anti-tumor herbal acupuncture is useful to improve clinical symptoms and quality of life(QOL) of cancer patients. Also we must develop new progressive methods of point injection and herbal intravenous injection for treating cancer patients, and advance clinical studies and trials.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 1991

This study aimed at inquiring into the basic theory on CIEO(the Cooperation between Industry and Educational Organizations), grasping and analyzing the present situation of the health junior college, the present condition of CIEO and into problem and seeking to find a solution to activate the CIEO of the health junior colleges. This study suggested five methods as the method of consolidating the on-the-spot-training as below : 1. The execution of the basic research for the on-the-spot-training. And the reorganization of the existing curriculum into the curriculum the industrial organization requires. 2. The participation in solving commonly the problems of the industrial organization and in education. The establishing of the guidance system assuming exclusive charge of the on-the-spot-training. 3. The extension of the period of the on-the-spot-training and the reorganization of an educational system. The submission of the evaluation sheet for the on-the-spot-training. 4. The securing of the educational dost spent on the on-the-spot-training and the imposition of benefits on the industrial organization. 5. The persistent support for the on-the-spot-training at the governmental dimension. It is required that the CIEO law should be enacted as the legal and institutional solution and that government should lend systematic support to the business enterprise exeuting the industrial educational cooperation such as the institutional support for and the imposition of benifits on the cost of research. The cost of research and development, the cost of internal education and training, and the cost of experiment and practice.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2001

Recently, single cell gel electrophoresis, also known as comet assay, is widely used for the detection and measurement of DNA strand breaks in vitro and in vivo in many toxicological fields such as radiation exposure, human monitoring and toxicity evaluation. As well defined, comet assay is a sensitive, rapid and visual method for the detection of DNA strand breaks in individual cells. Briefly, a small number of damaged cells suspended in a thin agarose gel on a microscope slide were lysed, unwinded, electrophoresed, and stained with a fluorescent DNA binding dye. The electric current pulled the charged DNA from the nucleus such that relaxed and broken DNA fragments migrated further. The resulting images which were subsequently named for their appearance as comets, were measured to determine the extent of DNA damages. However, some variations could be occurred in procedures, laboratories's conditions and kind of cells used. Hence, to overcome and to harmonize these matters in comet assay, International Workshop on Genotoxicity Test Procedure (IWGTP) was held with several topics including comet assay at Washington D.C. on March, 1999. In spite of some consensus in procedures and conditions in IWGTP, there are some problems still remained to be solved. In this respect, we attempted to set the practical optimal conditions in the experimental procedures such as lysis, unwinding, electrophoresis and neutralization conditions and so on. First of all, we determined optimal lysis and unwinding time by using 150 $\mu$M methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) which is usually used concentration. And then, we determined optimal positive control concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and MMS in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system, respectively.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2017

Single stage water-gas shift reaction has been carried out at a gas hourly space velocity of $150,494h^{-1}$ over $Cu-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalysts prepared by a co-precipitation method. Cu loading was optimized to obtain highly active co-precipitated $Cu-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ catalysts for single stage water-gas shift reaction. 80 wt.% $Cu-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ exhibited the excellent catalytic performance as well as 100% $CO_2$ selectivity (CO conversion = 27% at $240^{\circ}C$ for 50 h). The high activity and stability of 80 wt.% $Cu-Ce_{0.8}Zr_{0.2}O_2$ are correlated to low activation energy and large amount of surface Cu atoms.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2001

Purpose : We investigated the reproducibility of language lateralization by 4 different word generation paradigms or the rest contents in each paradigm using functional magnetic resonance imaging in normal volunteers Materials and Methods Nine normal volunteers with left-handedness (mean age: 25 yrs) were examined on a 1.57 MR unit using a single-shot gradient echo epibold sequence. Four different word generation paradigms of noun, verb, adjective and adverb were used in each normal volunteer for investigating language system. In each paradigm, two different rest contents consisted of only seeing the " +" symbol or reading the meaningless letters. Each task consisted of 96 phases including 3 activations and 6 rests of 2 different contents. Two activation maps in one task were obtained under two different rest contents using the correlation method. We evaluated the detection rates of Broca and Wernicke areas and the differences of language lateralization among four different word generation paradigms, or between the rest contents. Results : The detection rates of Broca and Wernicke areas were over 67 % in 4 different language paradigms and there was no significant difference of them among language paradigms, or between two different rest contents. Language dominances, in all 4 different language paradigms, were shown to be consistent in 66 %, but were contrary with language paradigms in some subjects. The rest contents made no significant effect on dominant language dominance determination, but the success rates of the dominant language dominances determined from 4 language paradigms were higher in reading the meaningless letter (100%, n=9) than in only seeing "+" on screen at the rest task (78%, n=7).

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.558-576
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• 2020

연구목적: 기업문화를 매개로 ISO 22301과 ISMS 인증 요구사항이 기업성과에 영향을 미치는지를 연구하고자 하였다. 연구방법: ISO 22301과 ISMS 인증 기업 대상으로 설문조사 및 자료를 수집하여 연구목적에 적합한 통계프로그램 SPSS18와 AMOS18 프로그램을 사용하였다. 연구결과: ISO 22301과 ISMS 인증 요구사항중 BCP, BCM운영, 경영, 조직, 접근통제는 기업성과에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였고 접근통제만이 기업문화를 매개로 기업성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인하였다. 결론: ISO 22301과 ISMS 인증 요구사항이 기업문화를 매개로 기업성과에 영향을 미치는 것을 도출하고 개선방안을 제시하였다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2009

In this study, we have shown the transcriptional regulation of the human GD3 synthase (hST8Sia I) induced by valproic acid (VPA) in human neuroblastoma SK-N-BE(2)-C cells. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the regulation of hST8Sia I gene expression in VPA-stimulated SK-N-BE(2)-C cells, we characterized the promoter region of the hST8Sia I gene. Functional analysis of the 5'-flanking region of the hST8Sia I gene by the transient expression method showed that the -1146 to -646 region, which contains putative binding sites for transcription factors c-Ets-1, CREB, AP-1 and NF-${\kappa}B$, functions as the VPA-inducible promoter of hST8Sia I in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells. Site-directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that the NF-${\kappa}B$ binding site at -731 to -722 was crucial for the VPA-induced expression of hST8Sia I in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells. In addition, the transcriptional activity of hST8Sia I induced by VPA in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells was strongly inhibited by SP600125, which is a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, and $G{\ddot{O}}6976$, which is a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, as determined by RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) and luciferase assays. These results suggest that VPA markedly modulated transcriptional regulation of hST8Sia I gene expression through PKC/JNK signal pathways in SK-N-BE(2)-C cells.