• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.241-252
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• 2023

The era of innovative RNA therapies using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs, and mRNAs is beginning. Since the emergence of the concept of ASOs in 1978, it took more than 20 years before they were developed into drugs for commercial use. Nine ASO drugs have been approved to date. However, they target only rare genetic diseases, and the number of chemistries and mechanisms of action of ASOs are limited. Nevertheless, ASOs are accepted as a powerful modality for next-generation medicines as they can theoretically target all disease-related RNAs, including (undruggable) protein-coding RNAs and non-coding RNAs. In addition, ASOs can not only downregulate but also upregulate gene expression through diverse mechanisms of action. This review summarizes the achievements in medicinal chemistry that enabled the translation of the ASO concept into real drugs, the molecular mechanisms of action of ASOs, the structure-activity relationship of ASO-protein binding, and the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology of ASOs. In addition, it discusses recent advances in medicinal chemistry in improving the therapeutic potential of ASOs by reducing their toxicity and enhancing their cellular uptake.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2004

생체 시스템은 수많은 세포들로 구성되어 있다. 일반적으로 세포막은 단백질과 지방의 혼합체로 구성되어 있으며 두께는 7.5-10nm 정도이다. 단백질은 지방과 함께 세포막을 통한 물질의 이동을 제어하는 역할을 한다. 특히 지방층은 지방에 잘 용해되는 산소나 탄산가스 등은 잘 통과시키지만, 지방에 잘 용해되지 않는 나트륨, 칼륨, 칼슘, 글루코스, 아미노산 등은 지방층 내부에 삽입되어 있는 단백질에 의해 조절된다.(중략)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.126.2-127
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• 2003

The therapeutic potential of currently available antiarrhythmic drugs is limited by their tendency to induce proarrhythmic and extracardiac side effects. An ideal antiarrhythmic agent would selectively prolong the action potential duration more in extraordinarily depolarized cardiac myocytes than in normal cells. and show tissue selectivity. Voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels represent a structurally and functionally diverse group of membrane proteins. (omitted)

• 약학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2004

This study aimed to synthesize new anticonvulsive agents as potential dual acting prodrugs. For the synthesis of ester or amide prodrug types, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde or valproic acid was coupled with clinically usable anticonvulsants or GABAmimetics with use of DCC/DMAP coupling methods. Also their anticonvulsive activities were evaluated.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1324-1329
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• 2007

Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a naturally occurring, multi-biofunctional chemical existing in grapes and various other plants as a polyphenol type, and it is one of the best known natural anticancer and antiatherosclerosis reagents. In this study, we investigated the antifungal action by resveratrol in Candida albicans, which is a human infectious fungi as an agent of candidiasis. Resveratrol displayed potent fungicidal activity in an energy-dependent manner, without any hemolytic effects against human erythrocytes. It was found that the serum-induced mycelial forms, which playa crucial role in the pathogenesis of C. albicans during host tissue invasion, were disrupted by resveratrol. To understand the correlation between lethal effects and resveratrol action, we examined the physiological changes of C. albicans. A significant accumulation of intracellular trehalose was induced by stress responses to resveratrol action, and a remarkable arrest of cell-cycle processes at the S-phase in C. albicans occured. Therefore, the fungicidal effects of resveratrol demonstrate that this compound is a potential candidate as an antifungal agent in treating infectious diseases by candidal infections.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of an anti-inflammatory and analgesic action of the glucosamine HCl (Glucosamine) and SH-1 (Glucosamine + Oriental herbal composition combined group). Male sprague-Dawley rats $(200{\sim}250g)$ and ICR mice $(20{\sim}30g)$ were randomized and these experimental groups were divided into 4 groups. Two control group were given as negative control (saline) and positive control (Ibuprofen, 100 mg/kg) and two groups given as oral administration of Glucosamine (320 m/kg) and SH-1. Carrageenan induced paw edema test, hot plate method, croton oil induced granuloma, capillary permeability test and acetic acid writhing syndrome were also shown to be comparable in the SH-1 group to anti-inflammatory drug group such as positive control group (Ibuprofen). Although further studies should be performed to confirm the effects of SH-1, present results suggest that the combined administration of SH-1 have potential action in anti-inflammatory and analgesic action. It could be applicable for the improvement of arthritic symptoms as a new diet-supplement.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2013

Republic of Korea announced the reduction target to be around 30% of business as usual greenhouse gas emissions by 2020. College campuses were ranked at the 5th of high energy consumption areas in the building sectors. Target management scheme was designed to set greenhouse gas emissions target including several college campuses. Previous studies showed the amount of greenhouse gas emissions with several assumptions such as the applications of renewable energy systems and light emitting diode lamps, etc. Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning model was utilized to simulate future greenhouse gas emissions. This study sets standard model labs for energy saving action programs by applying guidance studies. It has been deduced that energy saving action programs was responsible for reducing 949.5 kWh for each standard model lab and the total reduction of all 59 model labs in the Engineering College building has been calculated to 56,020.5 kWh. The objective of the study is to provide guidelines on standard model laboratory for greenhouse gas emissions reduction on the campus.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.839-849
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• 2023

The development of automation technology to reduce human error by minimizing human intervention is accelerating with artificial intelligence and big data processing technology, even in the nuclear field. Among nuclear power plant operation modes, the startup and shutdown operations are still performed manually and thus have the potential for human error. As part of the development of an autonomous operation system for startup operation, this paper proposes an action coordinating strategy to obtain the optimal actions. The lower level of the system consists of operating blocks that are created by analyzing the operation tasks to achieve local goals through soft actor-critic algorithms. However, when multiple agents try to perform conflicting actions, a method is needed to coordinate them, and for this, an action coordination strategy was developed in this work as the upper level of the system. Three quantification methods were compared and evaluated based on the future plant state predicted by plant parameter prediction models using long short-term memory networks. Results confirmed that the optimal action to satisfy the limiting conditions for operation can be selected by coordinating the action sets. It is expected that this methodology can be generalized through future research.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2023

Proteolytic enzymes secreted by Aspergillus, as pathogenicity factors, affect blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, and therefore the target proteins of their action in the bloodstream are of significant interest. In the present study, the action of the isolated protease of A. terreus 2 on different human plasma proteins was shown. The protease of A. terreus 2 exhibited the highest proteolytic activity against hemoglobin, which was 2.5 times higher than the albuminolytic activity shown in both of the protein substrates used. In addition, the protease has significant ability to hydrolyze both fibrin and fibrinogen. However, the inability of the A. terreus 2 protease to coagulate rabbit blood plasma and coagulate human and bovine fibrinogen indicates the severity of the enzyme's action on human blood coagulation factors. It should be considered as a potential indicator of this isolated protease's participation in fungal pathogenesis. The protease shows no hemolytic activity. Furthermore, its activity is insignificantly inhibited by thrombin inhibitors, and is not inhibited by plasmin inhibitors.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2023

인간 행동 인식 (Human action recognition, HAR) 기술은 스포츠 분석, 인간과 로봇 간의 상호작용, 대형 사이니지 콘텐츠 등의 애플리케이션에 활용되는 핵심 기술 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 몰입형 대형 사이니지 콘텐츠를 위한 STAGCN (Spatial temporal attention graph convolutional network) 기반 인간 행동 인식 시스템을 제안한다. STAGCN은 attention mechanism을 통해 스켈레톤 시퀀스의 시공간적 특징에 서로 다른 가중치를 부과하여, 동작 인식에 중요한 관절 및 시점을 고려할 수 있다. NTU RGB+D 데이터셋을 사용한 실험 결과, 제안된 시스템은 기존 딥러닝 모델들에 비해 높은 분류 정확도를 달성한 것을 확인했다.