• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1161-1170
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• 2011

This paper presents a solution to the inverse problem for the service boundary conditions of thermal-flow and structure analysis in a catalyst substrate. The exhaust-gas purification efficiency of a catalyst substrate is influenced by the shape parameter, catalyst ingredients and so on and is estimated by the thermal flow uniformity. The formulations of the inverse problem of obtaining the thermal-flow parameters (inlet temperature, velocity, heat of reaction, convective heat-transfer coefficient) and the direct problem of estimating from a given outlet temperature distribution are described. An experiment was designed and the response-surface optimization technique was used to solve the proposed inverse problem. The temperature distribution of the catalyst substrate was obtained by thermal-flow analysis for the predicted thermal-flow parameters. The thermal stress and durability assessments for the catalyst substrate were performed on the basis of this temperature distribution. The efficiency and accuracy of the inverse approach have been demonstrated through the achievement of good agreement between the thermal-flow response surface model and the results of experimental vehicle tests.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2014

Entrepreneurship provides working opportunities to not only an entrepreneur himself but also many other people on the way its process. Boosting entrepreneurship, therefore, seems the most effective way for activating one's economy as well as creating jobs. This study examines factors that influence on entrepreneurial intention of Korean and Korean-Chinese's who will eventually be the potential entrepreneurs. This model tests various theoretical research hypotheses relating to individual psychological characteristics, and entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial intention. Valid 247 questionnaires have been collected within about one month of 2013. Statistical processing of the data collected from this survey to take advantage of the statistical package SPSS 18.0 program through a process of data coding in the following ways: by frequency analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis. The result of hypothesis testing are as follows. The result of analysis shows that risk-taking propensity and desire for self-achievement is not a significant factor to entrepreneurial intention in both countries. But entrepreneurial self-efficiency and entrepreneurial motivation positively influence entrepreneurial intention both of the Korean and Korean-Chinese. At the last, the study examines moderate effect, that is, whether social support influences on entrepreneurial intention as a moderate variable. it is confirmed that the social support does play a positive role to entrepreneurial intention. Beside, discussion is made on the implications of the study for academicians and practitioners, the limitations of the study, and some directions for future studies.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2007

This study investigated the influences of reciprocal peer tutoring strategy and field independencedependence in the instruction enhancing student questions by using weekly reports. Seventh graders (N=152) from a middle school were assigned to WR (weekly reports) and WR-RPT (weekly reports-reciprocal peer tutoring) groups. Students were taught about ‘three states of matter', ‘motion of molecules', and ‘change of states and thermal energy for eighteen class hours and wrote weekly reports six times for the period. The students in the WR-RPT group also conducted reciprocal peer tutoring with the questions of weekly reports which they wrote. The results revealed that the scores of the WR-RPT group were significantly higher than those of the WR group in a conception test regardless of students' field independence-dependence. The field dependent students in the WR-RPT group performed better in an achievement test than those in WR group, while there was no significant difference for the field independent stu dents between the two groups. Additionally, field independent students in each group scored significantly higher than field dependent students in the two tests. Many students, especially having more field independence in the WR-RPT group, perceived WR-RPT positively.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the trends of resourcefulness researche studies for suggesting the future direction of study. Study design, types of subjects, measurement tools, study concept, and outcome were examined by reviewing 61 research studies published from 1980 to 1999. The results were as follows: 1. There were 24 works in the 1980s and 37 works in 1990, according to the published year of resourcefulness study. Nonexperimental studies like descriptive study, correlational study and comparative study were more frequent than experimental studies. 2. Research studies that consisted of 30- 100 subjects were the most numerous with 27 studies in all. The majority of study subjects was shown as healthy students and depressive patients. 3. Most studies used Rosenbaum's Self Control Schedule(SCS) for assessing resourcefulness. Reliabilities of resourcefulness researches were cronbach ${\alpha}=.70$ or more. According to statisitical tests done for internal validity, SCS was negatively correlated to maladaptation. Factor analysis revealed that the most parsimonious structure was 3 to 6 factors. The total communality variance in the SCS was about 40 %. Other tools used with the SCS were about coping, depression, satisfaction of life and symptoms, self management and health promotion. 4. In correlational studies, concepts like depression, anxiety, and psychological symptoms were related to resourcefulness negatively. Adaptive functioning, life satisfaction and self achievement had positive correlations to resourcefulness. 5. Studies on comparison between a healthy person and depressive patient or smoker and non-smoker were done. There were coping, depression, symptom, self efficacy, health problem and self-control as comparative concepts. 6. Study subjects consisted of depressive patients in 9 of 18 experimental studies. The majority of studies were done with cognitive-behavioral therapy as an experimental intervention. The most effective treatment was revealed in high resourcefulness group. Since the above findings, resourcefulness research increased since 1980 and mostly non-experimental design for quantitative study were done. In the field of nursing, research about resourcefulness was in an initial stage. It is expected that further research needed to be done. Recommendations on the basis of the present research suggest that it is necessary to replicate studies, develop nursing intervention enhancing resourcefulness and apply it to patients with chronic diseases including cancer.

• School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.157-180
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• 2014

This study investigated relationships between academic stress and mathematics learning motivation focusing on the mediating effect of academic motivation types. It also tested differential structural relationship among the variables in the high vs. low academic achievement level groups and the boys vs. girls of middle schools. The participants were 952 second graders from five middle schools. Student scores from the standardized tests that were developed to assess the students' academic stress, mathematics learning motivation, and three types of motivation (amotivation, controlled motivation, and autonomous motivation) were used in this study. The results demonstrate that there were significant differences in the relationship patterns of the research variables. Correlation analysis provided evidences that academic stress was negatively related with mathematics learning motivation and autonomous motivation but positively related with amotivation and controlled motivation. Also, mathematics learning motivation was negatively related with amotivation and controlled motivation but positively related with autonomous motivation. Structural equation modelling analysis provided the evidence that the full mediation model was a significant, in that the students' types of academic motivation mediated the effect of academic stress on mathematics learning motivation. Multiple group analysis revealed that there were group differences in the path coefficients of the structural model. But the academic stress showed negative influence on the mathematics learning motivation via amotivation and autonomous motivation in all groups.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2013

This study was investigated to examine the effects of writing activities based on Polya's Problem Solving Stages on Learning Accomplishment and Attitudes. A total of 54 students were selected from two Grade 6 classes of P Elementary School in G City to form an experimental group(n=27) and a control group (n=27). The experimental group was applied to a class which was creating writing activities according to Polya's Problem Solving Stages to problem solving and inquiry activities. The control group was taught by the traditional method to the same activities. The five questions for each area were selected as a descriptive assessment of the second semester of Grade 5 in the area of the Academic Achievement pre-test, developed by the G Education and Science Research. The post-test was selected by a descriptive assessment of the content of the first semester in Grade 6. The same questions were posed for both the pre-test and the post-test of the Mathematical Attitudes assessment. We examined the pre-test at the beginning of the school term, then the students were re-examined after one semester, using the same questions as the pre-test. This research showed that there was a meaningful difference in Learning Accomplishment as a result of T-test in the 5% level of significance. Secondly, there was a meaningful difference in the Mathematical Attitudes as a result of T-tests. It shows that writing activities based on Polya's Problem Solving Stages have an influence on improving Learning Accomplishment and Attitudes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.446-457
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• 2016

The purpose of the study was to understand the various aspects of learning experiences of Korean university students on K-MOOC. Analyses on the major motivation of the enrollment in a certain MOOC class, the actual learning experiences in the class and the perception of the achievement of the class were the three main foci of the current study. The study employed inductive content analysis as a major analysis tool. Reflective journals from 94 students who enrolled in K-MOOC classes were collected and analyzed at the end of the semester. The result of this study indicated that most of students selected the specific K-MOOC classes based on their general interests on the topics the class offered. Other factors such as intellectual curiosity, practical reasons for their study or work and popularity were also influential on the selection of MOOC classes. Watching videos, taking quizzes and taking tests were the three major sources of the students' satisfaction. Most students felt that K-MOOC is technically satisfactory. However, some students reported on simple errors and absence of advanced functions in the platform. Students perceived positively on their academic achievements of obtaining knowledge(remembering and understanding), attitudes (receiving), and skills through K-MOOC. This study ultimately showed a new awareness of learning experiences around K-MOOC from the perspective of the students. Future research is needed to understand the relationships between the students' learning experience and the students' performance in MOOC classes.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.143-164
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between public library use and the individual's personal value system. The personal value system was measured by Schwartz's (1992) Theory of Basic Human Values. The theory includes ten universal values, which can be categorized into four higher-order values: namely, self-transcendence vs. self-enhancement; and openness to change vs. conservation. The data were collected on the web from 1,000 Korean adults who were 18 years old or above using a quota sampling method with respect to the distributions of gender, age, and geographic locations of the general Korean adult population. The collected data were analyzed using multi-dimensional scaling method, t-tests, and multiple correlations. The results showed that the public library is more likely to be used by the individuals who value "openness to change" (representing self-direction and stimulation), and "self-enhancement"(representing achievement, power, hedonism/sensuous pleasure) than those who value "conservation" (representing safety, stability of society, conformity to rules, tradition) and "self-transcendence" (representing interest in other's well-being, and tolerance, welfare of humanity and community). The findings suggest that public library uses reflect the characteristics of major library services, such as reading and self-learning, which are very autonomous and individualistic in their nature. The findings are valuable in understanding the nature of the functions performed by the current Korean public libraries that are reflected in the personal values of Korean adult library users.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.95-117
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• 2003

This study is to suggest the alternative to limits of intelligence focused on Psychometric tests. Through this study, it was found that triarchic theory of intelligence and thinking styles, which were suggested by Sternberg, were useful. The subjects are 122 student who are at three science-high-schools. The results show that the subjects preferred judicial, executive, and hierarchical rather than conservative styles of thinking, and they had strong analytical, creative, and practical ability. The correlation between academic achievement and triarchic intelligence except automation was significant. The difference of academic achievements was not significant by styles of thinking related to creativity and pattern of triarchic intelligence. There was no interaction between two variables as we expected. The practical ability illustrated the total academic performance very well. And executive, judicial thinking styles were prediction variable in case of considering with triarchic intelligence. Through the results, it could be suggested that triarchic intelligence and thinking styles of non cognitive concept could be important standard referred to selection for the science-gifted, and argued that the reform of the science-high-school was needed to produce the creative-productive science-gifted student.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2008

Objective : This article is a part of the Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Panic Disorder, which aims to build consensus regarding the diagnosis, treatment response and achievement of clinical remission for patients with panic disorder in Korea. Methods : The questionnaire used in this article had parts : 1) diagnosis, 2) treatment response, and 3) remission for patients with panic disorder. The questionnaire was completed by each of 54 Korean psychiatrists who had much experience in treating patients with panic disorder. We classified the experts' opinions into 3 categories (first-line, second-line, and third-line) using the ${\chi}^2$-test. Results : Five factors were considered in this research : panic attack, anticipatory anxiety, phobic avoidance, severity of illness, and psychosocial disability. Most reviewers agreed that the presence of a panic attack was the most important factor in the diagnosis of patients with panic disorder. Phobic avoidance was included in the first-line category, whereas the severity of illness and psychosocial disability were included in the second-line category. Most reviewers also agreed that the presence of a panic attack was the most important factor in determining the appropriate treatment response, and it was included in the first-line category along with several other items. To determine remission status, the patients' scores on tests pertaining to the severity of panic attack, anticipatory anxiety, phobic avoidance, severity of illness and psychosocial disability should be less than 3.0-3.3 on a 9-point Likert scale. Conclusion : We suggest useful information for making a diagnosisof panic disorder, determining the appropriate treatment response and identifying remission in panic disorder patients on the basis of the results of a nationwide survey of experts in Korea.