• 제목/요약/키워드: Acetoacetate

검색결과 46건 처리시간 0.02초

Nicorandil alleviated cardiac hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cytotoxicity via upregulating ketone body metabolism and ACAT1 activity

  • Bai, Yan Ping;Han, Lei Sen
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.37-45
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    • 2019
  • To study the effect of nicorandil pretreatment on ketone body metabolism and Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (ACAT1) activity in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocytes. In our study, we applied H9c2 cardiomyocytes cell line to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of nicorandil. We detected mitochondrial viability, cellular apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and calcium overloading in H9c2 cells that exposed to H/R-induced cytotoxicity. Then we evaluated whether nicorandil possibly regulated ketone body, mainly ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and acetoacetate (ACAC), metabolism by regulating ACAT1 and Succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid coenzyme A transferase 1 (OXCT1) protein and gene expressions. Nicorandil protected H9c2 cardiomyocytes against H/R-induced cytotoxicity dose-dependently by mitochondria-mediated anti-apoptosis pathway. Nicorandil significantly decreased cellular apoptotic rate and enhanced the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax expressions. Further, nicorandil decreased the production of ROS and alleviated calcium overloading in H/R-induced H9c2 cells. In crucial, nicorandil upregulated ACAT1 and OXCT1 protein expressions and either of their gene expressions, contributing to increased production of cellular BHB and ACAC. Nicorandil alleviated cardiomyocytes H/R-induced cytotoxicity through upregulating ACAT1/OXCT1 activity and ketone body metabolism, which might be a potential mechanism for emerging study of nicorandil and other $K_{ATP}$ channel openers.

Streptozotocin 유발 당뇨병성 쥐에대한 $Ginsenoside-Rb_2$의 연속투여 효과 (Effect of Serial Administration of $Ginsenoside-Rb_2$ on Streptozotocin-diabetic Rats)

  • Yokozawa Takako
    • 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 고려인삼학회 1988년도 학술대회지
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 1988
  • Streptozotocin으로 유발시킨 당뇨병성 쥐(혈당수준$430{\pm}30ml/dl$)에게 ginsenoside-$Rb_{2}$를 연속적으로 복강투여 하였다. Ginsenoside $Rb_{2}$ 투여군은 현저한 혈당감소를 보였으며 이군들의 혈당수준은 6-9일 투여로 약 160mg/dl로 떨어졌다. 한편 대조군보다 먹이섭취량이 적지만 체중은 ginsenoside-$Rb_{2}$를 투여한 당뇨쥐에서 상당히 증가하였다. Ginsenoside-$Rb_{2}$투여군은 과식, 다뇨, 당뇨 등과 같은 당뇨병 증상이 개선 되었다. 혈당을 떨어뜨리는 작용기전을 연구하기위한 일환으로 간 및 지방조직 그리고 혈청 등에 있는 탄수화물 대사물질과 지질성분 등에 미치는 ginsenoside-$Rb_{2}$의 효과를 조사하였다. 당뇨쥐에서는 ginsenoside-$Rb_{2}$가 먼저 정상쥐에서와 같이 간에서 혈당의 이용을 촉진 시키고 그결과 지방조직에 triglyceride 들이 증가되는 것으로 추측된다.

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Metabolic profiling of serum and urine in lactating dairy cows affected by subclinical ketosis using proton nuclear magnetic

  • Eom, Jun Sik;Lee, Shin Ja;Kim, Hyun Sang;Choi, Youyoung;Jo, Seong Uk;Lee, Sang Suk;Kim, Eun Tae;Lee, Sung Sill
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제64권2호
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    • pp.247-261
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    • 2022
  • Ketosis is associated with high milk yield during lactating or insufficient feed intake in lactating dairy cows. However, few studies have been conducted on the metabolomics of ketosis in Korean lactating dairy cows. The present study aimed to investigate the serum and urine metabolites profiling of lactating dairy cows through proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and comparing those between healthy (CON) and subclinical ketosis (SCK) groups. Six lactating dairy cows were categorized into CON and SCK groups. All experimental Holstein cows were fed total mixed ration. Serum and urine samples were collected from the jugular vein of the neck and by hand sweeping the perineum, respectively. The metabolites in the serum and urine were determined using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Identification and quantification of metabolites was performed by Chenomx NMR Suite 8.4 software. Metabolites statistical analysis was performed by Metaboanalyst version 5.0 program. In the serum, the acetoacetate level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the SCK group than in the CON group, and whereas acetate, galactose and pyruvate levels tended to be higher. CON group had significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of 5-aminolevulinate and betaine. Indole-3-acetate, theophylline, p-cresol, 3-hydroxymandelate, gentisate, N-acetylglucosamine, N-nitrosodimethylamine, xanthine and pyridoxine levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the urine of the SCK group than that in the CON group, which had higher levels of homogentisate, ribose, gluconate, ethylene glycol, maltose, 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate and glycocholate. Some significantly (p < 0.05) different metabolites in the serum and urine were associated with ketosis diseases, inflammation, energy balance and body weight. This study will be contributed useful a future ketosis metabolomics studies in Korea.

졸-겔법을 이용한 투과성 TiO2 분말 및 박막의 특성 연구 (Characterization of Transparent TiO2 Power and Thin Films through Sol-Gel Process)

  • 정미원;이지영;손현진
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.252-258
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    • 2002
  • Titanium(IV) isopropoxide에 킬레이팅 리간드로 Acetylacetone(Acac), Ethyl-acetoacetate(Etac) 그리고, Ethanolamine을 첨가시켜 변형된 티타늄 알콕사이드를 합성한 후 졸-겔 방법으로 투과성 티타늄 산화물 박막을 제조하였다. 박막 제조 조건이 최적의 상태일 때는 티타니아 졸 용액의 농도가 3wt% 이하이고, 리간드로는 Acetyl acetone(Acac)를 선택하고, pH가 2.5로 조절하였을 때였다. 순수한 티타늄 산화물 박막보다는 리간드가 치환된 박막들의 굴절률이 더 높았고 가시광선 영역에서 80% 이상의 투과율을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 티타니아 졸 상태에서는 입자 크기가 나노 크기를 나타냈으며 분말로 소성 후 마이크론 크기로 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 티타늄 박막들은 400$^{\circ}$C에서 무정형에서 anatase로 상전이가 일어나고 700$^{\circ}C$에서는 rutile로 변화됨을 XRD로 관찰하였다. 박막의 결정형태와 모양 및 크기도 SEM과 XRD로 측정하였다. 또한 분말의 물성 및 구조를 SEM, XRD, TGA 그리고 DSC로 알아보았고, 박막의 광학적 특성에 대해서는 ellipsometer로 굴절률과 막두께를 측정하여 비교하여 보았다.

Effect of Functional Beverage on Weight Control and Body Fat Mass in Overweight Women

  • Chae, Jey-Sook;Lee, Jong-Ho;Koh, Soo-Jeong;Jang, Yong-Soo;Lee, Jin-Hee
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.257-264
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    • 2003
  • Carnitine, hydroxycitric acid, and soy peptide have been known to be anti-obesity agents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of carnitine, hydroxycitric acid, and soy peptide mixture as a potential anti-obesity supplement in overweight women. Overweight premenopausal women (n=33; PIBW>110; 20 to 39 years) were randomized into two groups: the placebo group and the functional beverage group (the test group). Functional beverage was composed of 2000 mg soy peptide, 20 mg L-carnitine and 300 mg garcinia(40% hydroxycitric acid). Body weight and 3 day food dimes, biochemical measurements and computerized tomography were measured at baseline and 8-week. After 8-week consumption of functional beverage with usual diet and exercise, body weight fell an average of 1.4 kg (2.1%). Visceral fat area reduced an average of 7.8% at L1($69.6{\pm}8.7\;vs\;64.2{\pm}7.5\;\textrm{cm}^2$) and 5.1% ($60.7{\pm}4.9\;vs\;57.6{\pm}4.8\;\textrm{cm}^2$, p<0.05) at L4level after weight loss in the test group. Calf fat area in the test group showed about 10% reduction ($31.0{\pm}2.7\;vs=\;27.7{\pm}1.7\;\textrm{cm}^2$, p<0.05) after weight loss. These reductions in fat areas were not shown in the placebo group. There were tendencies of increase in serum levels of $\beta-hydroxybutyrate$, acetoacetate, and total ketones in the test group. There were 7% and 17% insignificant increase in fasting free fatty acid (FFA) and response area of FFA during oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT), respectively, in this group. ill addition, little weight loss in the test group showed 8% but not significant reduction in insulin response area during OGTT. In conclusion, this study shows that taking a mixture of carnitine, hydroxycitric acid, and soy peptide as a potential anti-obesity supplement for 8-week produced advantageous changes in the weight and visceral fat accumulation of overweight women.

케톤 보충제가 운동수행능력, 운동 후 회복, 및 근육 단백질 대사에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Ketone Body Supplementation on Exercise Performance, Post-exercise Recovery, and Muscle Protein Metabolism)

  • 주정선;곽이섭
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제33권5호
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    • pp.436-444
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    • 2023
  • 스포츠과학에서 좋은 기록을 달성하기 위해 과학적 훈련, 식단 및 운동수행증진 보조제가 널리 사용되어 왔다. 운동선수가 최고 수준의 경기력을 발휘하기 위해서는 영양학적 전략이 중요하며, 그 중 지구력 운동 수행력을 결정하는 주요 요인 중 하나는 지방대사의 증가라고 할 수 있다. 장기간 운동하는 동안 지방산 대사를 최대화하기 위한 방법으로 케톤 생성 식단(고지방, 저탄수화물)이 제안되었다. 현재까지의 연구들은 케톤 생성 식단의 에너지 생성 가치에 대해 상반된 결과를 보여주었다. 이러한 이유로 탄수화물 섭취를 제한하지 않고 영양적 케톤증(아세토아세테이트와 베타-하이드록시뷰티레이트의 급성/일시적 혈중 농도증가)을 얻기 위해 케톤 보충제(케톤 에스테르 및 케톤염)를 사용하는 것이 제안되었다. 일부 연구에서는 심장 및 골격근과 같은 말초 조직에 추가적인 연료 기질 제공, 탄수화물 절약/지방 산화 증가, 간/근육에서 글리코겐 재합성을 증가시켜 운동 후 회복에 케톤 보충제가 지구력 운동 수행에 유익한 효과를 보여주었다. 그러나 많은 연구에서 케톤 보충제가 운동수행능력 보조제로서의 유익한 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 현재까지의 운동 수행 및 회복 그리고 골격근 단백질 대사와 관련된 선행연구들의 케톤 보충제의 증명된 효과와 운동수행능력 증진 보조제로서의 가능성을 분석하고자 하였다.