• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.95.1-95
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• 2003

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown to suppress phytopthora blight. This suppression has been related to both microbial antagonism and induced resistance. The PGPR isolates were screened by dual culture plate method and most of the isolates were showed varying levels of antagonism. Among the PGPR isolates pyoverdin, pyochelin and salicylic acid producing strains showed the maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of Phytopkhora capsici and increased plant growth promotion in red pepper. PGPR isolates further analysed for its ability to induce production of defence related enzymes and chemicals. The activities such as Phenyle alanin ammonia Iyase (PAL), Peroxidase (PO), Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and accumulation of phenolics were observed in PGPR pretreated red pepper plants challenged with Phytopkhora capsici. The present study shows that an addition of direct antagonism and plant growth promotion, induction of defense related enzymes involved to enhance resistance against invasion of P. capsici in red pepper.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.11 no.4 s.27
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• pp.59-76
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to illuminate the influence happened by the process of acquirement of professional cooking skills related to satisfaction with duty of hotel cooks according to the development and expansion of the food service industry. First, interaction with colleagues, working environment, accomplishment of duty, satisfaction of duty etc. have a big effect on improvement of cooking skills, that is, acquirement and accumulation of cooking skill. Therefore, it's confirmed that improvement of skill can be promoted if we focus on this kind of factors and meet more positively. Second, field education training should be operated professionally with systematic education training. Third, duty rotation has an effect on skill advancement. It can be interpreted that oppressive feelings caused by ability, skill, knowledge, human relations etc. which is required in new business related to frequent change of the business in one's charge can have an effect on duty satisfaction. It's considered that comprehensive and in-depth study should be accomplished in future concerning duty rotation, field training.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1841-1844
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• 2005

A linear motor makes a long stroke by accumulating short steps, which is based on the quasistatic deformation of a magnetostrictive material in a magnetic field. It's also called as inchworm effect. The application areas of linear motors are an adaptive and active optics, X-Y positioning, precision alignment, etc. It is found that control of the frequency and current inputs are all that is necessary to control the speed handling ability of the linear motor. In inchworm mode, linear speeds of up to $500{\mu}m/s$ are achieved resulting from the accumulation of $25{\mu}m$ steps at 1.4A.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review and identify the meaning and components of the concept, Frailty. Method: We conducted literature review of studies that concluded the word of 'frail' or 'frailty between 1980 and 2008, and used MEDLINE, CINAHL database to select the articles. Results: Frailty is defined as a concept with multidomains, which are physical, cognitive, psychological, social. Critical characteristics of Frailty include multidominal deficiency, combined accumulation, diminished ability to keep up the independence of daily living, states beyond one's reserve capacity, dynamic relativity, proximity to adverse health outcome, aggregated symptoms. Frailty is caused by decreased physical activity, loss of sensory function, Chronic symptoms or signs, relationship with Caregiver, social isolation. Moreover, Frail elderly is at risk of falls and institutionalization. Conclusion: Frailty is very useful concept, because it has the potential to identify the elderly population at risk of adverse health outcomes. Based on this results, the appropriate tool for screening Korean Frail elderly and Nursing intervention for them needs to be developed.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2003

Asiaticoside has been tested for the ability as an anti-inflammatory drug using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7 cell). LPS treatment induced dramatically inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW cells. However, asiaticoside inhibited LPS-stimulated iNOS induction in a concentration-dependent manner. Especially, higher concentrations (＞50 $\mu\textrm{M}$) of asiaticoside completely blocked iNOS induction. In addition, LPS-stimulated expression of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and interleukin-1 $\alpha$ (IL-1 $\alpha$) was inhibited by asiaticoside treatment. Asiaticoside up to 50 $\mu\textrm{M}$ still required to inhibit COX-2 and IL-1 $\alpha$ induced by LPS. Consistent with these findings, treatment with asiaticoside suppressed do novo synthesis and cellular accumulation of prostaglandin $E_2$ to a lesser extent, suggesting that asiaticoside blocked the induction as well as the activity of COX-2 These results suggest the possibility that asiaticoside may be effective therapeutic agents for septic shock and other inflammatory diseases.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.401-405
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• 2000

Influence of fructose addition to the cultivation medium on the production of taxanes and the growth of callus culture of Taxus baccata was studied. The cultures showed an ability to adjust to the substitution of some of the sucrose in the media by fructose and the fresh biomass accumulation was higher on the media containing different concentrations of fructose during the second cultivation period.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1067-1073
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• 2006

Cisplatin, a platinum coordinated complex, is a widely used antineoplastic agent for the treatment of metastatic tumors of the testis, metastatic ovarian tumors, lung cancer, advanced bladder cancer and many other solid tumors. The cytotoxic action of the drug is often thought to be associated with its ability to bind DNA to form cisplatin-DNA adducts. The development of resistance to cisplatin during treatment is common and constitutes a major obstacle to the cure of sensitive tumors. Although to understand the clinically relevant mechanisms of resistance, many studies have been aimed at clarifying the biochemical/molecular alterations of cisplatin-resistance cells, these studies did not conclusively identify the basis of cellular resistance to cisplatin. In this review, cisplatin resistance was discussed in terms of the relevant transporters, such as copper transporters (CTRs), organic cation transporters (OCTs) and multi-drug resistance related transporters (MDRs). These transporters seem to be contributed to cisplatin resistance through the reduction of drug accumulation in the cell. Better understanding the mechanism of cisplatin resistance associated with transporters will provide the useful informations for overcoming the cisplatin resistance.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.910-922
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• 2018

Conventional battery state-of-charge (SoC) estimation methods either involve sophisticated models or consume considerable computational resource. This study constructs an enhanced coulomb counting method (Ah method) for the SoC estimation of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) by expanding the Peukert equation for the discharging process and incorporating the Coulombic efficiency for the charging process. Both the rate- and temperature-dependence of battery capacity are encompassed. An SoC mapping approach is also devised for initial SoC determination and Ah method correction. The charge counting performance at different sampling frequencies is analyzed experimentally and theoretically. To achieve a favorable compromise between sampling frequency and accumulation accuracy, a frequency-adjustable current sampling solution is developed. Experiments under the augmented urban dynamometer driving schedule cycles at different temperatures are conducted on two LiBs of different chemistries. Results verify the effectiveness and generalization ability of the proposed SoC estimation method.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.29-31
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• 2002

Purpose of the 765kV trial operation conducted for the first time in our country are performance verification of domestic developed equipment(765kV M.Tr, GIS,etc) and extraction of problem in advance to commercial operation and cultivation of operation ability. The trial operation of 765kV substation was finished successfully under the positive supports of institutes. manufactures. and constructers. It is expected that extraction of problems in advance and accumulation of operation techniques through the trial operation of 765kV substation will be contributed largly to the realization of the without a hitch operation of 765kV system.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.201-212
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• 2010

Self-organized nanogels from polysaccharide derivatives offer a promising approach in treatment of cancer due to their flexibility in chemistry and their ability to improve the therapeutic index of a drug by modifying biodistribution by their preferential localization at target sites and lower distribution in normal healthy tissues. These properties have promoted studies of active cancer targeting by self-organized nanogels for even better accumulation in solid tumors. However although many researchers have reported their potential by using cell culture systems and small animal tumor models in cancer therapy, these nanogels need more decoration such as conjugation with targeting moiety and endowment of stimuli-sensitivity for precise targeting of the cancer site. In this review, we summarize the recent efforts in developing novel targeting approaches via active endocytosis and stimuli-sensitive systems responding to hyperthermic or acidic tumor pH conditions.