• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.31-40
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• 2011

Generally, inappropriate driving conditions including geometric, traffic environmental, and driver psychological problems may be critical reasons of traffic accidents. Under this circumstance, various types of facilities have been installed to improve traffic safety by itself or as a set consisting of several other traffic safety facilities. In general, traffic accidents occur by several reasons combined rather than only a single reason, and thus the safety effect of the safety facilities cannot be simply analyzed with only a single improvement. For the study, traffic accident data on the roadway segments of interest are collected along with field survey data. For the analysis, various alternative analysis methods were evaluated in terms of assessing accident reduction from various types of traffic safety improvements. Among the alternative methods tested including simple before-and-after evaluation method, before-and-after evaluation yoked comparison, and Comparison Group (C-G) method, it was found that the C-G method is the most effective method for analyzing the traffic safety improvement effect. Adopting the C-G method, both single and multiple safety improvements were analyzed. The results from this study can potentially be applied to decide the best type of treatments to improve traffic safety as well as to measure the accident reduction effects from the treatments.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.287-294
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• 2024

Radiation oncology departments are at high risk for potential radiation safety incidents. This study aimed to identify risk factors for these incidents using the P-mSHEL (Patient, Management, Software, Hardware, Environment, and Liveware) model and to evaluate potential accident types through Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). FMEA identified seven accident types with high Risk Priority Number (RPN). A total of 56 detailed risk factors were classified using the P-mSHEL model, and measures to prevent radiation safety incidents were implemented. The effect of these preventive measures on workers' safety perception was confirmed through two indicators (FMEA and safety perception). After implementing the preventive measures, the FMEA analysis showed that the highest reduction in RPN was for A-6 (radiation exposure while other patients/guardians are present) with a reduction rate of 33.3%, followed by B-3 (radiation exposure while staff are present) with a reduction rate of 33.3%. Overall safety perception significantly improved after the preventive measures (4.17±0.35) compared to before (2.76±0.33) (p<0.05), with notable increases in both employee safety culture (3.93±0.51) and patient safety culture (3.73±0.62) (p<0.05). This study identified risk factors in radiation oncology departments. Continuous management, maintenance, and fostering a strong safety culture are crucial for preventing incidents. Regular problem identification and collaboration with relevant departments are essential for maintaining safety standards.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.3 s.81
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• pp.49-57
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• 2005

This study developed a methodology for estimating the fatality reduction by introducing technical regulation on pedestrian protection in pedestrian-vehicle collisions. Modeling a probabilistic pedestrian fatality model with logistic regression approach was one of keen interests, which employed in estimating the fatality reduction. Collision speed obtained from the accident reconstruction was used in the model development. The effects of fatality reduction, in case various Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and collision speeds are applied for the regulation. were presented as the major outcome of this study. It is expected that the outcome of this study would be an invaluable tool to assist in developing various technologies and policies for pedestrian protection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.291-303
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• 2016

The number of traffic accidents at intersections has been increased over the past decade, and in 2014, accounted for 44% of the total traffic accidents. In addition, since most of road accident black spots include signalized intersections, the improvement of safety on signalized intersection is top priority for national road safety program in Korea. For the decision of most effective action plan for the safety of signalized intersection, this study conducted meta-analyses to assess the effects of various road safety facilities at signalized intersection on traffic accidents. We selected 19 articles regarding the prediction of traffic accidents at signalized intersection and calculated 34 individual effect sizes on 8 variables included in the articles. The results found that there was a statistically significant negative relationship between the occurrence of traffic accident and the presence of all of road safety facilities except an exclusive left turn bay. It shows that most of the road safety facilities could prevent traffic accidents, and intersection channelization has the most effective on the reduction of traffic accidents followed by left-turn acceleration lane, lightning, crosswalk, exclusive right-turn lane and median barrier.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.91-97
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• 2014

This study aims to suggest a measure to reduce industrial accident and secure adaptation to the industrial safety regulation policies by empirically establishing the effects of stress from adaptation to the industrial safety regulation on the human error, one of direct causes of industrial accident to the target groups of the industrial safety regulation policies. This study as for content range examines the stress from adaptation to the industrial safety regulation, job satisfaction, human error, and as for spatial range, this study performed an empirical research on the workers of 24 companies located within Chungcheong region centers district among 153 companies nationwide that uses 7 chemicals by introducing PSM (process safety management) system of the Ministry of Employment & Labor as of January 2012. Based on these results and suggestions there are five(5) necessities to reduce industrial safety regulations adaptation stress and human error generation, first(1st) is the necessity of understanding influential factors to stress, second(2nd) is the necessity to customized vocational training, third(3rd) is improving enhance system of job satisfaction, forth(4th) is preparing stress-reduction program, and fifth(5th) is introducing on-site restrictive action of advanced country as politics items.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.1125-1139
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• 2023

The system-integrated modular advanced reactor 100 (SMART100), an integral-type pressurized water small modular reactor, is based on a novel design concept for containment cooling and radioactive material reduction; it is known as the containment pressure and radioactivity suppression system (CPRSS). There is a passive cooling system using a condensation with non-condensable gas in the SMART CPRSS. When a design basis accident such as a small break loss of coolant accident (SBLOCA) occurs, the pressurized low containment area (LCA) of the SMART CPRSS leads to steam condensation in an incontainment refuelling water storage tank (IRWST). Additionally, the steam and non-condensable gas mixture passes through the CPRSS heat exchanger (CHX) submerged in the emergency cooldown tank (ECT) that can partially remove the residual heat. When the steam and non-condensable gas mixture passes through the CHX, the non-condensable gas can interrupt the condensation heat transfer in the CHX and it degrades CHX performance. In this study, condensation heat transfer experiments of steam and non-condensable gas mixture in the natural circulation loop were conducted. The pressure, temperature, and effects of the non-condensable gas were investigated according to the constant inlet steam flow rate with non-condensable gas injections in the loop.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.55-70
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• 2020

This study aims to identify the influence of risk-inducing factors and safety inspection on the measures of reducing accidents among workers of building structures in small construction sites. The result can be summarized as follows: First, as for the influence of risk-inducing factors on human factors, preparation for work, disintegrating molds, taking follow-up measures, and keeping records, have statistically significant influences. Therefore, it can be said that safety inspection has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and human factors. Second, as for the influence of risk-inducing factors on facility factors, preparation for work, and taking follow-up measures influenced significantly. This indicates that safety inspection has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and facility factors. Third, as for the influence of risk-inducing factors on management factors, the installation of shores and risk assessment are found to have significant effects. This shows that safety inspection has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and management factors. Fourth, the influence of risk-inducing factors on work factors was significant only in the installation of shores. This indicates that safety inspection has a completely mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and work factors. Finally, in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and accident reduction measures, preparation for work, installation of shores, and taking follow-up measures showed significantly positive influences. In contrast, keeping records has a significant negative influence. Thus, safety inspection has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and management factors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.769-772
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• 2007

This research was conducted to investigate the economoic effects of aviation safety technology development. The important subjects of aviation safety technology development, aviation accident prevention and damage reduction technique, aircraft safety certification development, BASA promotion in an aircraft class, were included to investigate the economic effects. The survey technique using Benefit-Cost Anlysis was performed and the results showed that aviation safety technology development brought scientific technique effect, industrial and economic effect, and the rest effects. Also, the benefits from aviation safety technology development were much greater than the costs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.21-32
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• 2010

A traffic island, typical channelization facilities, is widely applied to newly road designs and black spots improvement projects as traffic safety measures. However positive effects of a traffic island for traffic safety have not been reported specifically. Accordingly this study analyzed the accidents reduction effectiveness and economics of installing traffic islands under various roadways and traffic conditions. For this purpose normality test, paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were applied to this study based on traffic accidents, roadways and traffic environments data for 3 years before and after improvement at 54 intersections. The results showed that most of traffic accidents were reduced significantly after installing traffic islands except when traffic islands were installed in outside of cities and farming regions where use efficiency is low, curve sections with poor visibility, poor alignment sections with acceleration/deceleration lanes, road sections where occurs conflicts frequently due to did not install of acceleration/deceleration lanes, and road sections where cross with single lane road.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.49-54
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to assess the risk of depending on the presence or absence of safety device of domestic heating and drying furnaces, by derivation and analysis of accident frequency of safety devices through FTA (Fault Tree Analysis). Installation standards are lacking in Korean for the safety device of LPG heating and drying furnace, which have a risk of explosion due to structure to trap the leaked gas. Four different safety devices were selected on the basis of NFPA and national standards for combustors of other equipment. Effects of frequency reduction in accidents were analyzed before and after installing the safety devices respectively. As a result, a minimal leakage safety device was presented for preventing damages from gas leak of domestic LPG heating and drying furnace.