• Title/Summary/Keyword: Accident Prediction Model

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Collision Cause-Providing Ratio Prediction Model Using Natural Language Processing Analytics (자연어 처리 기법을 활용한 충돌사고 원인 제공 비율 예측 모델 개발)

  • Ik-Hyun Youn;Hyeinn Park;Chang-Hee, Lee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.82-88
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    • 2024
  • As the modern maritime industry rapidly progresses through technological advancements, data processing technology is emphasized as a key driver of this development. Natural language processing is a technology that enables machines to understand and process human language. Through this methodology, we aim to develop a model that predicts the proportions of outcomes when entering new written judgments by analyzing the rulings of the Marine Safety Tribunal and learning the cause-providing ratios of previously adjudicated ship collisions. The model calculated the cause-providing ratios of the accident using the navigation applied at the time of the accident and the weight of key keywords that affect the cause-providing ratios. Through this, the accuracy of the developed model could be analyzed, the practical applicability of the model could be reviewed, and it could be used to prevent the recurrence of collisions and resolve disputes between parties involved in marine accidents.

Aviation Safety Mandatory Report Topic Prediction Model using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) (잠재 디리클레 할당(LDA)을 이용한 항공안전 의무보고 토픽 예측 모형)

  • Jun Hwan Kim;Hyunjin Paek;Sungjin Jeon;Young Jae Choi
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.42-49
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    • 2023
  • Not only in aviation industry but also in other industries, safety data plays a key role to improve the level of safety performance. By analyzing safety data such as aviation safety report (text data), hazard can be identified and removed before it leads to a tragic accident. However, pre-processing of raw data (or natural language data) collected from each site should be carried out first to utilize proactive or predictive safety management system. As air traffic volume increases, the amount of data accumulated is also on the rise. Accordingly, there are clear limitation in analyzing data directly by manpower. In this paper, a topic prediction model for aviation safety mandatory report is proposed. In addition, the prediction accuracy of the proposed model was also verified using actual aviation safety mandatory report data. This research model is meaningful in that it not only effectively supports the current aviation safety mandatory report analysis work, but also can be applied to various data produced in the aviation safety field in the future.

Neural Network-based Modeling of Industrial Safety System in Korea (신경회로망 기반 우리나라 산업안전시스템의 모델링)

  • Gi Heung Choi
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2023
  • It is extremely important to design safety-guaranteed industrial processes because such process determine the ultimate outcomes of industrial activities, including worker safety. Application of artificial intelligence (AI) in industrial safety involves modeling industrial safety systems by using vast amounts of safety-related data, accident prediction, and accident prevention based on predictions. As a preliminary step toward realizing AI-based industrial safety in Korea, this study discusses neural network-based modeling of industrial safety systems. The input variables that are the most discriminatory relative to the output variables of industrial safety processes are selected using two information-theoretic measures, namely entropy and cross entropy. Normalized frequency and severity of industrial accidents are selected as the output variables. Our simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed neural network model and, therefore, the feasibility of extending the model to include more input and output variables.

The Prediction of Export Credit Guarantee Accident using Machine Learning (기계학습을 이용한 수출신용보증 사고예측)

  • Cho, Jaeyoung;Joo, Jihwan;Han, Ingoo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.83-102
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    • 2021
  • The government recently announced various policies for developing big-data and artificial intelligence fields to provide a great opportunity to the public with respect to disclosure of high-quality data within public institutions. KSURE(Korea Trade Insurance Corporation) is a major public institution for financial policy in Korea, and thus the company is strongly committed to backing export companies with various systems. Nevertheless, there are still fewer cases of realized business model based on big-data analyses. In this situation, this paper aims to develop a new business model which can be applied to an ex-ante prediction for the likelihood of the insurance accident of credit guarantee. We utilize internal data from KSURE which supports export companies in Korea and apply machine learning models. Then, we conduct performance comparison among the predictive models including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, and DNN(Deep Neural Network). For decades, many researchers have tried to find better models which can help to predict bankruptcy since the ex-ante prediction is crucial for corporate managers, investors, creditors, and other stakeholders. The development of the prediction for financial distress or bankruptcy was originated from Smith(1930), Fitzpatrick(1932), or Merwin(1942). One of the most famous models is the Altman's Z-score model(Altman, 1968) which was based on the multiple discriminant analysis. This model is widely used in both research and practice by this time. The author suggests the score model that utilizes five key financial ratios to predict the probability of bankruptcy in the next two years. Ohlson(1980) introduces logit model to complement some limitations of previous models. Furthermore, Elmer and Borowski(1988) develop and examine a rule-based, automated system which conducts the financial analysis of savings and loans. Since the 1980s, researchers in Korea have started to examine analyses on the prediction of financial distress or bankruptcy. Kim(1987) analyzes financial ratios and develops the prediction model. Also, Han et al.(1995, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2006) construct the prediction model using various techniques including artificial neural network. Yang(1996) introduces multiple discriminant analysis and logit model. Besides, Kim and Kim(2001) utilize artificial neural network techniques for ex-ante prediction of insolvent enterprises. After that, many scholars have been trying to predict financial distress or bankruptcy more precisely based on diverse models such as Random Forest or SVM. One major distinction of our research from the previous research is that we focus on examining the predicted probability of default for each sample case, not only on investigating the classification accuracy of each model for the entire sample. Most predictive models in this paper show that the level of the accuracy of classification is about 70% based on the entire sample. To be specific, LightGBM model shows the highest accuracy of 71.1% and Logit model indicates the lowest accuracy of 69%. However, we confirm that there are open to multiple interpretations. In the context of the business, we have to put more emphasis on efforts to minimize type 2 error which causes more harmful operating losses for the guaranty company. Thus, we also compare the classification accuracy by splitting predicted probability of the default into ten equal intervals. When we examine the classification accuracy for each interval, Logit model has the highest accuracy of 100% for 0~10% of the predicted probability of the default, however, Logit model has a relatively lower accuracy of 61.5% for 90~100% of the predicted probability of the default. On the other hand, Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, and DNN indicate more desirable results since they indicate a higher level of accuracy for both 0~10% and 90~100% of the predicted probability of the default but have a lower level of accuracy around 50% of the predicted probability of the default. When it comes to the distribution of samples for each predicted probability of the default, both LightGBM and XGBoost models have a relatively large number of samples for both 0~10% and 90~100% of the predicted probability of the default. Although Random Forest model has an advantage with regard to the perspective of classification accuracy with small number of cases, LightGBM or XGBoost could become a more desirable model since they classify large number of cases into the two extreme intervals of the predicted probability of the default, even allowing for their relatively low classification accuracy. Considering the importance of type 2 error and total prediction accuracy, XGBoost and DNN show superior performance. Next, Random Forest and LightGBM show good results, but logistic regression shows the worst performance. However, each predictive model has a comparative advantage in terms of various evaluation standards. For instance, Random Forest model shows almost 100% accuracy for samples which are expected to have a high level of the probability of default. Collectively, we can construct more comprehensive ensemble models which contain multiple classification machine learning models and conduct majority voting for maximizing its overall performance.

Development of safety-Based Guidelines for Cost-Effective Utility Pole Treatment along Highway Rights-of-Way

  • 김정현
    • Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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    • 1997.12a
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    • pp.33-69
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    • 1997
  • This study was conducted to develop a methodology to predict utility pole accident rates and to evaluate cost-effectiveness for safety improvement for utility pole accidents. The utility pole accident rate prediction model was based on the encroachment rate approach introduced in the Transportation Research Board Special Report 214. The utility pole accident rate on a section of highway depends on the roadside encroachment rate and the lateral extent of encroachment. The encroachment rate is influenced by the horizontal and vertical alignment of the highway as well as traffic volume and mean speed. The lateral extent of encroachment is affected by the horizontal and vertical alignment, the mean speed and the roadside slope. An analytical method to generate the probability distribution function for the lateral extent of encroachment was developed for six kinds of encroachment types by the horizontal alignment and encroachment direction. The encroachment rate was calibrated with the information on highway and roadside conditions and the utility pole accident records collected on the sections of 55mph speed limit of the State Trunk Highway 12 in Wisconsin. The encroachment rate on a tangent segment was calibrated as a function of traffic volume with the actual average utility pole accident rates by traffic volume strategies. The adjustment factors for horizontal and vertical alignment were then derived by comparing the actual average utility pole accident rates to the estimations from the model calibrated for tangent and level sections. A computerized benefit-cost analysis procedure was then developed as a means of evaluating alternative countermeasures. The program calculates the benefit-cost ratio and the percent of reduction of utility pole accidents resulting from the implementation of a safety improvement. This program can be used to develop safety improvement: alternatives for utility pole accidents when a predetermined performance level is specified.

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Development of safety-Based Guidelines for Cost-Effective Utility Pole Treatment along Highway Rights-of-way

  • 김정현
    • Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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    • 1997.12b
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    • pp.35-72
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    • 1997
  • This study was conducted to develop a methodology to predict utility pole accident rates and to evaluate cost-effectiveness for safety improvement for utility pole accidents. The utility pole accident rate prediction model was based on the encroachment rate approach introduced in the Transportation Research Board special Report 214. The utility pole accident rate on a section of highway depends on the roadside encroachment rate and the lateral extent of encroachment. The encroachment rate is influenced by the horizontal and vertical alignment of the highway as well as traffic volume and mean speed. The lateral extent of encroachment is affected by the horizontal and vertical alignment, the mean speed and the roadside slope. An analytical method to generate the probability distribution function for the lateral extent of encroachment was developed for six kinds of encroachment types by the horizontal alignment and encroachment direction. The encroachment rate was calibrated with the information on highway and roadside conditions and the utility pole accident records collected on the sections of 55mph speed limit of the State Trunk Highway 12 in Wisconsin. The encroachment rate on tangent segment was calibrated as a function of traffic volume with the actual average utility pole accident rates by traffic volume strategies. The adjustment factors for horizontal and vertical alignment were when derived by comparing the actual average utility pole accident rates to the estimations from the model calibrated for tangent and level sections. A computerized benefit-cost analysis procedure was then developed as a means of evaluating alternative countermeasures. The program calculates the benefit-cost ratio and the percent of reduction of utility pole accidents resulting from the implementation of a safety improvement. This program can be used to develop safety improvement alternatives for utility pole accidents when a predetermined performance level is specified.

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Forecasting of Real Time Traffic Situation using Neural Network and Sensor Database Management System (신경망과데이터베이스 관리시스템을 이용한 실시간 교통상황 예보)

  • Jin, Hyun-Soo
    • Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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    • 2008.05a
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    • pp.248-250
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    • 2008
  • This paper proposes a prediction method to prevent traffic accident and reduce to vehicle waiting time using neural network. Computer simulation results proved reducing average vehicle waiting time which proposed coordinating green time better than electro-sensitive traffic light system dose not consider coordinating green time. Moreover, we present neural network approach for traffic accident prediction with unnormalized (actual or original collected) data. This approach is not consider the maximum value of data and possible use the network without normalizing but the predictive accuracy is better. Also, the unnormalized method shows better predictive accuracy than the normalized method given by maximum value. Therefore, we can make the best use of this model in software reliability prediction using unnormalized data. Computer simulation results proved reducing traffic accident waiting time which proposed neural network better than conventional system dosen't consider neural network.

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A Study on the Influencing Factors for Incident Duration Time by Expressway Accident (고속도로 교통사고 시 돌발상황 지속시간 영향 요인 분석)

  • Lee, Ki-Young;Seo, Im-Ki;Park, Min-Soo;Chang, Myung-Soon
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.85-94
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    • 2012
  • The term "incident duration time" is defined as the time from the occurrence of incident to the completion of the handling process. Reductions in incident durations minimize damages by traffic accidents. This study aims to develop models to identify factors that influence incident duration by investigating traffic accidents on highways. For this purpose, four models were established including an integrated model (Model 1) incorporating all accident data and detailed models (Model 2, 3 and 4) analyzing accidents by location such as basic section, bridges and tunnels. The result suggested that the location of incident influences incident duration and the time of arrival of accident treatment vehicles is the most sensitive factor. Also, significant implications were identified with regard to vehicle to vehicle accidents and accidents by trucks, in night or in weekends. It is expected that the result of this study can be used as important information to develop future policies to manage traffic accidents.

A Study on the Development of GIS-based Complex Simulation Prototype for Reducing the Damage of Chemical Accidents (화학사고 피해저감을 위한 GIS 연계 복합시뮬레이션 프로토타입 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Eun-Byul;Oh, Joo-Yeon;Lee, Tae Wook;Oh, Won Kyu;Kim, Hyun-Joo;Lim, Dong-yun
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.36 no.5_4
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    • pp.1255-1266
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    • 2020
  • In this study, a complex simulation prototype was developed for rapid and accurate prediction of chemical dispersion range in order to reduce human casualties caused by chemical accidents. Complex simulation considered the leakage momentum during the near-field dispersion to take into account the leakage characteristics of the chemical. In the far-distance dispersion process, the wind distribution of the existing model, which was presented uniformly, was improved using weather and topographical information around the accident site, to realize a wind field similar to the actual one. Finally, the damage range was more precise than the existing model in line with the improved near- and far-distance dispersion process. Based on the results of damage range prediction of the complex simulation, it is expected that it will be highly utilized as a system to support policy decision-making such as evacuation and return of residents after a chemical accident.

Development of Traffic Accidents Prediction Model With Fuzzy and Neural Network Theory (퍼지 및 신경망 이론을 이용한 교통사고예측모형 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jang-Uk;Nam, Gung-Mun;Kim, Jeong-Hyeon;Lee, Su-Beom
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.24 no.7 s.93
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    • pp.81-90
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    • 2006
  • It is important to clarify the relationship between traffic accidents and various influencing factors in order to reduce the number of traffic accidents. This study developed a traffic accident frequency prediction model using by multi-linear regression and qualification theories which are commonly applied in the field of traffic safety to verify the influences of various factors into the traffic accident frequency The data were collected on the Korean National Highway 17 which shows the highest accident frequencies and fatality rates in Chonbuk province. In order to minimize the uncertainty of the data, the fuzzy theory and neural network theory were applied. The neural network theory can provide fair learning performance by modeling the human neural system mathematically. Tn conclusion, this study focused on the practicability of the fuzzy reasoning theory and the neural network theory for traffic safety analysis.