• 교육심리연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.745-766
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• 2017

학생들의 지적 성장은 학교교육의 오랜 목표이다. 학생들의 지적 성장을 위해 최근에는 학습상황에서 학생들이 경험하는 실패의 교육적 활용가능성에 대해서 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 특히 최근에는 학습실패가 해당 영역에 대한 지식이나 문제해결력 뿐 아니라 학생들의 창의적 역량을 신장하기 위한 중요한 학습도구가 될 수 있다는 문헌들이 제시되고 있다. 본 연구는 학습자가 경험하는 학습실패가 어떻게 창의성 역량의 교육과 연계될 수 있는지 주요 이론과 교수-학습 전략들을 제시하고 있다. 교육 분야에서 학습실패 연구는 Clifford(1988)에 의해서 실패내성에 대한 연구에서부터 시작하여 현재 많은 연구들이 학습의 과정에서 학습실패의 중요성에 대해 주목하고 있다. 특히, Kapur(2008)와 같은 연구자는 학습에서 실패경험이 단순히 지식의 습득을 넘어서서 새로운 대안들을 만들어내고 창의적 문제해결 전략들을 찾아내는데 긍정적인 역할을 할 수 있음을 주장하고 있다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서는 학습과정에서 경험하는 실패를 어떻게 교육장면에서 활용할 수 있는 지 그 전략들에 대해 논의하고 그 과정에서 교수자나 학습자의 입장에서 주의해야 할 점들이 무엇인지 논의하였다. 구체적으로 학습자가 실패경험을 통해서 기존의 생각의 틀로 부터 벗어나기, 주어진 교육과정 영역을 넘어서 자유롭게 교육과정 영역을 탐색하도록 허용하기 등과 같은 전략을 제시하였으며 특히, 학습실패가 가져올 수 있는 부정적인 정서와 실패의 누적으로 인한 학습된 무기력을 극복하기 위한 전략으로서 학습 초기과정에서 실패경험의 부정적인 영향을 고려하거나 최소화하기 위한 전략에 대해 서술하고 있다. 그리고 실패의 경험을 결과로 인식하는 것이 아니라 학습과정의 일부로 인식하는 것이 왜 중요한 지 기술하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제78권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2021

Inelastic static pushover analysis has been used in the academic-research widely for seismic analysis of structures. Nowadays, the variety pushover analysis methods have been developed, including Modal pushover, Adaptive pushover, and Cyclic pushover, in which some weaknesses of the conventional pushover method have been rectified. In the conventional pushover analysis method, the effects of cumulative growth of cracks are not considered on the reduction of strength and stiffness of RC members that occur during earthquake or cyclic loading. Therefore, the Cyclic Pushover Analysis Method (CPA) has been proposed. This method is a powerful technique for seismic evaluation of regular reinforced concrete buildings in which the first mode of them is dominant. Since the bridges have different structures than buildings, their results cannot necessarily be attributed to bridges, and more research is needed. In this study, a cyclic pushover analysis with four loading protocols (suggested by valid references) by the Opensees software was conducted for seismic evaluation of two regular reinforce concrete bridges. The modeling method was validated with the comparison of the analytical and experimental results under both cyclic and dynamic loading. The failure mode of the piers was considered in two-mode of flexural failure and also a flexural-shear failure. Along with the cyclic analysis, conventional analysis has been studied. Also, the nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method has been used to examine and compare the results of pushover analyses. The time history of 20 far-field earthquake records was used to conduct IDA. After analysis, the base shear vs. displacement in the middle of the deck was drawn. The obtained results show that the cyclic pushover analysis method is able to evaluate an accurate seismic behavior of the reinforced concrete piers of the bridges. Based on the results, the cyclic pushover has proper convergence with IDA. Its accuracy was much higher than the conventional pushover, in which the bridge piers failed in flexural-shear mode. But, in the flexural failure mode, the results of each two pushover methods were close approximately. Besides, the cyclic pushover method with ACI loading protocol, and ATC-24 loading protocol, can provided more accurate results for evaluating the seismic investigation of the bridges, specially if the bridge piers are failed in flexural-shear failure mode.

• 무역학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.61-96
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• 2016

본 연구는 국제 인수합병 거래에 참여하는 중국기업의 경험적 요인과 거래 참여 파트너 기업의 특성이 해당 인수합병 거래 실패에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 있다. 분석 대상 기간은 2000년부터 2015년 11월말까지며, 해당 기간 동안에 중국기업에 의해 이루어진 1,558건의 국제 인수합병에 참여한 1,610개 기업 표본을 분석 대상으로 했다. 종속변수는 인수합병 거래 실패로 중국기업의 국제 인수합병 공시 후 거래 중단이나 철회여부로 측정했다. 주요 독립변수로는 거래 참여 파트너 기업의 국적 다양성, 파트너 기업과 목표 대상기업이 속한 국가와 산업의 동일성, 파트너 기업이 선진국 기업에 속하는지 여부, 중국기업의 자국 내 인수합병 경험, 특정 목표대상 국가에서의 인수합병 경험 등이다. 프로빗 모형을 통한 분석 결과, 몇 가지 흥미로운 사실들을 파악할 수 있었다. 먼저 거래에 참여한 파트너기업들의 국적 다양성이 높을수록, 파트너 기업이 목표대상 기업과 동일한 산업에 속한 경우 거래실패 가능성이 높았다. 그러나 선진국 기업이 거래 파트너로 참여한 경우와 목표 대상국가의 기업이 거래 파트너로 참여한 경우에는 거래 실패 가능성이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 경험요인의 경우에는 국제 인수합병 실행 이전의 선행 중국내 인수합병 경험은 거래 실패 가능성에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않지만 특정국에서의 중국기업 전체의 선행 인수합병 경험과 특정국에서의 특정기업의 선행 인수합병 경험은 거래 실패 가능성에 부의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 기업이 특정 경영전략 추진과정에서 왜 실패하는가를 조직 간 파트너쉽을 통한 학습 관점에서 규명하고 있다는 점에서 학문적 시사점을 갖는다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2016

In comparison to the rapid rise in the number of restaurant daily deal service consumer complaints, relatively little attention has been directed at the features of deal consumers' complaint behaviors in academic research. In order to address this gap, this study examined the characteristics of complaint behaviors of consumers who purchase restaurant deals with a focus on three potential determinants (likelihood of success with the complaint, attitude toward complaining, and severity of the failure). Results indicated that the three proposed determinants emerged as critical factors that influence deal consumers to exhibit different complaint reactions to dissatisfactory experiences. Furthermore, it was discovered that the hypothesized relationships were moderated by value consciousness, in which high value-conscious deal consumers exhibited a higher complaint inclination than low-value conscious deal consumers.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2004

The present study aims at the reliability analysis of steel towers against the limit state of deflection. For this purpose tip deflection of the tower has been obtained after carrying out the dynamic analysis of the tower using modal method. This tip deflection is employed for subsequent reliability analysis. A limit state function based on serviceability criterion of deflection is derived in terms of random variables. A complete procedure of reliability computation is then presented. To study the influence of various random variables on tower reliability, sensitivity analysis has been carried out. Design points, important for probabilistic design of towers, are also located on the failure surface. Some parametric studies have also been included to obtain the results of academic and field interest.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2005년도 제3차 연수강좌
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• pp.78-93
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• 2005

The posterior and multidirectional instability of the shoulder is a complex problem in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Increased joint volume by redundant capsular ligament has been regarded as a major pathogenesis of the posterior and multidirectional instability. Distinct from multidirectional hyperlaxity, multidirectional instability has symptoms related with increased translations in more than one direction. Recent report that shoulder symptom originates from labral lesion which was created by excessive rim-loading of the humeral head on the posteroinferior glenoid labrum during repetitive subluxation helps us to understand the pathogenesis of such instability. Painful jerk and Kim tests indicate labral lesion in the multidirectionally loose shoulder, suggesting multidirectional instability. Also, painful jerk test is a prognostic sign of failure of nonoperative treatment. The labral lesion can be an incomplete tear or a concealed lesion which often has been underestimated. Operative treatment is indicated when nonoperative treatment has failed. Arthroscopic capsulolabroplasty is a reliable procedure, which not only provides capsular balance, but also restores the labral height.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제20권
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• pp.1-16
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• 2007

This research is a case study about the personnel management policy of Bachae co., Ltd. Bachae Co., Ltd. suggests as a successful model that by implementing the pro-active personnel management strategy eliminated the seniority, age-limit, academic snobbism, the qualities critical for managerial success are leadership, motivation, decisiveness, flexibility. It gives a solution especially to medium-sized companies suffering the manpower shortage, that the adequate motivation through strong leadership to employee results in not only job satisfaction but also organization absorption. The fact that company care about even the failure staying at their jobs longer without hurting their self pride to be loyal employee is a very demonstrative and great method which motivates middle & midium size of companies how to manage and utilize the human resources.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2012

This study is about the qualitative safety assessment for hydrogen gas filling facilities in Korea operating with one-bank type. The purpose of this safety assessment is about the development of components for design, fabrication, assembly, operability of dispenser and systems of the safety. For the qualitative safety assessment method, the study used FMEA(failure mode & effect analysis) and HAZOP(hazard & operability). This study evaluated the safety through FMEA and HAZOP then by referring to P&ID and PFD of hydrogen dispenser, thereby examining the dangerousness of the equipments, defects of the structure and problems of the operation.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.101-113
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• 2019

Earthquake-induced pounding is one of the major reasons for structural failure in earthquake prone cities. An accurate description of the pounding phenomenon of two buildings requires the consideration of systems with a large number of degrees of freedom including adequate contact impact formulations. In this paper, firstly, a node to surface formulation for the realization of state-of-the-art pounding models for structural beam elements is presented. Secondly, a hierarchical substructure technique is introduced, which is adapted to the structural pounding problem. The numerical accuracy and efficiency of the method, especially for the contact forces, are verified on an academic example, applying four different impact elements. Error estimations are carried out and compared with the classical modal truncation method. It is demonstrated that the hierarchical substructure method is indeed able to significantly speed up the numeric integration procedure by preserving a required level of accuracy.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.105-121
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• 2010

Collaborative learning encourages the use of high-level cognitive strategies, critical thinking, and interpersonal relationships. Despite these advantages, most instructors reveal the difficulties of using project-based collaborative learning; a common problem is the failure of the group to work effectively together. Thus, this study attempted to provide practical advice on group composition with self-regulation. In a college course, 31 groups with 129 students were asked to discuss and prepare the final presentation material and present it together as a collaborative work. All students' self-regulation skills were measured at the beginning of the semester, and the collective self-regulation was computed as an average of the individual scores of each group. The results of regression analysis indicate that the group's collective self-regulation shows a highly significant positive effect on group performance and satisfaction, as self-regulation predicts individual academic performance. The results also show that there is a significant positive relationship between students' self-regulation and participation in group work.