• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.736-742
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• 2012

In this study, the brewing and quality characteristics of a variety of honey and yeast strains in Korea were investigated. After fermenting acacia honey, chestnut honey, citrus honey, and mixed flower honey using commercial yeast, the quality changes during fermentation were investigated. Chestnut honey wine (mead) and mixed flower mead showed the highest ethanol contents of 11.9 and 11.3%, respectively after fermenting for 8 days at $25^{\circ}C$. Acacia mead and citron (Chinese lemon) mead showed 5.0 and 8.2% ethanol contents, respectively. Mixed mead, which fermented with acacia honey and mixed flower honey, in order to advance sensory properties, showed the best sensory properties, generating 10.9% ethanol, while another product with citron honey and mixed flower honey generated 11.1% of ethanol but with a lower sensory value. When adding corium peels to the mixed mead of acacia honey and mixed flower honey, the ethanol content was not increased by addition of corium peels into mixed mead, but its total acceptability was increased by addition of 2% corium peels. To check the mead clarification, it was treated with 0.6% of bentonite and filtered; then, its turbidity was observed over a storage period. The safe result for precipitation was shown at the condition of storing at $10^{\circ}C$ for 15 days with 0.24 NTU (Nepthelometric Turbidity Unit).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.51-57
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• 2002

Antimicrobial and antioxidative activites on heartwood extractives of domestic species were investigated to develop a natural fungicide or preservative. One steroid, stilbene derivatives and two flavonoids were isolated from heartwood of Robinia pseudo-acacia which has been selected due to its high antioxidative activity among the tested species. The structures were determinded as: 3-𝛽-stigmast-5-en-3-ol(daucosterol), 3,3'4,5-tetrahydroxystilbene, 3,3'4'5,7-pentahydroxyflavone(robinetin) and 3,3'4'7-tetrahydroxyflavanone(fustin) respectively on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical correlations. According to the results of free radical scavenging activity, 3,3'4'5,7-pentahydroxyflavone was evaluated as the highest antioxidative compound among the four compounds and showed higher radical scavenging activity than those of 𝛼-tocopherol and butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT), one of the strongest synthetic antioxidants. 3,3'4'5-Tetrahydroxystilbene and 3,3'4'7-tetrahydroxyflavanone showed higher antioxidative activities than that of 𝛼-tocopherol. However, 3-𝛽-stigmast-5-en-3-ol did not show free radical scavenging activity. In this regard, it could inferred that high antioxidative activity of extractives of R. pseudo-acacia was derived from 3,3'4'5'7-pentahydroxyflavone, 3,3'4'5-tetrahydroxystilbene and 3,3'4'7-tetrahydroxyflavanone.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.126-126
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• 2003

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.708-714
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• 1999

Fermentation of legume fodder tree leaves by rumen microorganisms was evaluated. The substrates were sun-dried, ground leaves. Gas and volatile fatty acid (VFAs) production were estimated. Using gas production as an index of fermentation at 12 h, the leaves tested ranked as follows; Chamaecytisus palmensis>Gliricidia sepium>Sebania sesban>Tephrosia bracteolate>Leucaena pallida>Vernonia amygdalina>Acacia sieberiana>Sesbania goetzei>Acacia angustissima. Using VFA production, the ranking was a follows; G. sepium>S. sesban>S. goetzei>L. pallida>C. palmensis/V. amygdalina>T. bracteolate> A. sieberiana>A. angustissima. Absolute gas or VFA production rates, were also used to rank the leaves. Extracts (70% acetone) of A. angustissima inhibited the growth of Ruminococcus albus 8, R. flavefaciens FD-1, Prevotella ruminicola D3ID and Streptococcus bovis JBI while the trowth of Selenomonas ruminantium D was depressed when 0.6 ml exracts were added. C. palmensis water extracts enhanced cellulose hydrolysis by R. flavefaciens FD-1. All extracts reduced celluloysis by R. albus 8. R. flavefaciens FD-1 hydrolyzed more (p<0.001) cellulose than R. albus 8.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.371-376
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• 2001

The rate of soil respiration to varying stand ages was studied in four Robinia pseudoacacia stands(18-, 23-, 28- and 35-year old) throughout one year from September 1998 to August 1999. Soil temperatures showed a pronounced seasonal pattern, in contrast to soil moisture. The highest rate of soil respiration was generally found in August when soil temperatures were the highest, and the lowest in January. The daily rate of soil respiration amounted to 5.51($g\;CO_2{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}day^{-1}$) for 18-year old stand, 5.28 for 23-year old stand, 8.29 for 28-year stand, and 2.67 for 35-year old black locust stand, respectively. The $Q_{10}$ values were ranged between 1.63 and 1.66, averaging 1.65 for the R. pseudoaca'cia stands. The results indicate significant correlation between soil temperature and soil respiration for all four stands(r=0.96 to 0.97). Among the study stands, the annual rate of soil respiration was the highest ($3.03kg\;CO_2{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}yr^{-1}$) for 28-year old stand.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.4-9
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• 1962

(1) acacia 맹아(萠芽) 억제(抑制)에 대(對)한 2,4-D 살포(撒布)의 효과(効果)에 관여(關與)되는 조건(條件)을 시험(試驗)한바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. a. 2,4-D 농도(濃度)${\cdots}{\cdots}{\cdots}$ 3,4,5 두식(斗式)의 범위에서는 3 두식(斗式) 최고농도(最高濃度)의 효과(効果)가 가장 크다. b. 살포시기(撒布時期) 5월(月) 상순(上旬)부터 7월(月) 하순(下旬)까지 순별(旬別) 시기(時期)를 분할(分割)하여 시험(試驗)한 즉 후기(後期)로 갈수록 효과(効果)가 컸다. c. 살포시간(撒布時間) 오전(午前) 10시(時), 오후(午後) 1시(時) 오후(午後) 4시(時) 중(中)에서 오후(午後) 1시(時) 가장 효과적(効果的)이었고 오전(午前) 10시(時) 가장 효과(効果)가 적었다. d. 살포(撒布) 계속년(年) 및 살포(撒布) 회수(回數) 계속 살포(撒布)할수록 효과(効果)는 누진적(累進的)이었다. (2) 다음과 같은 2,4-D 처리(處理)로 acacia 맹아(萠芽)는 억제(抑制) 됨을 알았다. a. 3두식(斗式) 농도(濃度)로 7월(月) 상순(上旬)~7월(月) 하순(下旬) 1년(年) 1차(次)씩 (1차(次)는 3일(日) 3회(回)) 계속 살포 3년간(年間)계속 살포(撒布). b. 3두식(斗式)로 오후(午後) 1시(時)에 5월(月) 상순(上旬)부터 1순(旬) 3회(回)씩 7월(月)까지 계속 살포(撒布).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.245-252
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• 2020

This study was performed to analyze the mechanical properties of tropical hybrid cross-laminated timber (CLT) with bamboo laminated board as the core layer in order to evaluate the possibility of its use as a CLT material. Bamboo board was used as the core layer and the tropical species Acacia mangium willd., from Indonesia, was used as the lamination in the outer layer. The modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and shear strength of the hybrid CLT were measured according to APA PRG 320-2018 Standard for Performance-Rated Cross-Laminated Timber. The results show that the bending MOE of the hybrid CLT was found to be 2.76 times higher than SPF (Spruce Pine Fir) CLT. The reason why the high MOE value was shown in bamboo board and hybrid CLT applied bamboo board is because of high elasticity of bamboo fiber. However, the shear strength of the hybrid CLT was 0.8 times lower than shear strength of SPF CLT.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.1178-1186
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• 2015

Lipid oxidation, colour stability and physico-chemical quality of pork frankfurters with the incorporation of 0.30% sea buckthorn (SBT), 0.10% grape seed (GSE), 0.03% green tea (GTE), 0.12% fenugreek seed (FSE) and 0.10% Acacia catechu (ACE) were studied during 20 days of refrigerated aerobic storage. The SBT and ACE were identified as being the most effective antioxidants to retard lipid oxidation with the potency decreasing in the following order: SBT>ACE>GSE>GTE>FSE based on thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, peroxide value and free fatty acids. In all samples pH and $a_w$ decreased during storage period. The $L^*$ value of treated as well as control samples decreased over time while SBT and ACE exhibited an increased redness producing higher $a^*$ values than other treatments. However, GTE was more effective in increasing $b^*$ values than other treatments at the end of storage. The results suggest that functional plant-derived extracts can be valuable to the modification of frankfurter formulations for improved oxidative stability as well as quality characteristics.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3989-3995
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• 2012

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of A.nilotica extract against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma (DAL) induced solid and ascitic tumors in BALB/c mice. Experimental animals received A.nilotica extract (10 mg/kg.bw) intraperitoneally for 10 and 14 consecutive days before induction of solid and ascitic tumors, respectively. Treatment with A.nilotica extract significantly decreased the development of tumor and percentage increase in body weight when compared to DAL induced solid tumor control group, also increasing the life span, restoring the total white blood cell count and hemoglobin content and significantly decreasing the levels of serum aspartate transaminase (SGPT), alanine transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and nitric oxide (NO) when compared to DAL induced ascitic tumor controls. The treatment also reduced significantly the cellular glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide levels in treated animals. Histopathological studies also confirmed protective influence. The outcome of the present work indicates that A.nilotica extract could be used as natural anticancer agent for human health.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.146-150
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• 2007

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] microspheres were prepared using solvent evaporation technique. P(3HB-co-4HB) with 3.9 mol% 4HB was synthesized by fed-batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha. The effects of concentration and type of surfactant (Tween 80, sodium dodecylsulfate, and polyvinyl alcohol), addition of dispersion stabilizer (Acacia), concentration of polymer and model drug (bovine serum albumin) on particle size of the microspheres and their in vitro drug release characteristics were investigated. The average particle size of the microspheres decreased with the addition of dispersion stabilizer and increased with the concentration of surfactant, drug and polymer. Amount of drug release increased with decreasing particle size of the microspheres.