• 제목/요약/키워드: Absolute Neutrophil Count

검색결과 51건 처리시간 0.029초

Rituximab 주입관련 부작용발생 및 위험인자 분석 (Rituximab Infusion-related Adverse Events and Risk Factors)

  • 이은정;김영주;이정연
    • 한국임상약학회지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.223-231
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    • 2013
  • Objective: This study aimed to identify the status and risk factors of rituximab infusion-related adverse events (ADE) in rituximab-na$\ddot{i}$ve patients with cancer diseases. Method: A retrospective analysis using electronic medical records review was conducted. Inclusions were patients with a diagnosis of cancer disease with the initiation of rituximab-included treatment who were na$\ddot{i}$ve to rituximab during January 2011 to March 2013 at National Cancer Center (NCC) in Korea. Result: Total 110 patients, 582 cases of rituximab administrations, were reported in the study. About 57.2% of patients were 51-70 years old and evenly distributed between two genders and 72.7% were BMI less than $25kg/m^2$. All of study patients were diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Fifty patients (45.4%) and 54 cases (9.3%) were experienced rituximab infusion-related AEs even with conservative administration protocol at NCC. The most frequently occurring AEs were shivering followed by rash and itching. In single variant analysis, we found that the early stage of NHL, low exposure to rituximab administrations, high white blood cell counts, high lymphocyte counts, high absolute neutrophil count and low lactate dehydrogenase were associated with infusion-related AEs (p<0.05). The early stage of disease, high lymphocyte counts, low exposure to rituximab administrations were also related significantly with AEs in multiple variants analysis (p<0.05). Conclusion: Rituximab infusion-related AEs for patients who were na$\ddot{i}$ve to rituximab were still a concern with conservative administration protocol. The adverse drug reactions were significantly associated with early stage of NHL, higher lymphocyte counts and low exposure to rituximab administrations. The factors need to be considered with close monitoring to prevent rituximab infusion-related AE.

Effectiveness and Complication Rate of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement in Pediatric Oncology Patients

  • Kidder, Molly;Phen, Claudia;Brown, Jerry;Kimsey, Kathryn;Oshrine, Benjamin;Ghazarian, Sharon;Mateus, Jazmine;Amankwah, Ernest;Wilsey, Michael
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.546-554
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: Malnutrition is a significant issue for pediatric patients with cancer. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness and complication rate of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement in pediatric oncology patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 49 pediatric oncology patients undergoing PEG placement at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital between 2000 and 2016. Demographic and clinical characteristics, complications, absolute neutrophil count at time of PEG placement and at time of complications, length of stay, and mortality were identified. Weight-for-age Z-scores were evaluated at time of- and six months post-PEG placement. Results: The overall mean weight-for-age Z-score improved by 0.73 (p<0.0001) from pre- (-1.11) to post- (-0.38) PEG placement. Improvement in Z-score was seen in patients who were malnourished at time of PEG placement (1.14, p<0.0001), but not in those who were not malnourished (0.32, p=0.197). Site infections were seen in 12 (24%), buried bumper syndrome in five (10%), and tube dislodgement in one (2%) patient. One patient (2%) with fever was treated for possible peritonitis. There were no cases of other major complications, including gastric perforation, gastrocolic fistula, clinically significant bleeding, or PEG-related death documented. Conclusion: Consistent with previous studies, our data suggests a relationship between site complications (superficial wound infection, buried bumper syndrome) and neutropenia. Additionally, PEG placement appears to be an effective modality for improving nutritional status in malnourished pediatric oncology patients. However, larger prospective studies with appropriate controls and adjustment for potential confounders are warranted to confirm these findings.

소아 특발혈소판감소자색반병에서 면역글로불린 투여 후 호중구수치의 변화 (Change of neutrophil count after treatment of intravenous immunoglobulin in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)

  • 박준영;박지애;박성식;임영탁
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.204-208
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    • 2008
  • 목 적 : 본 연구는 소아 급성 ITP에서 IVIG 치료 후 호중구 감소의 빈도와 정도 및 경과 등을 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 방 법 : 2001년 1월부터 2006년 6월까지 부산대학교병원에서 급성 ITP로 진단받은 소아 환자 총 54례를 대상으로 하였다. 이중 IVIG를 투여한 군이 42례, Anti-D Ig을 투여한 군이 12례이었으며, 각각의 투여 후에 백혈구 및 호중구 수를 비교하였다. 또한 IVIG의 투여 방법 및 투여 횟수에 따른 백혈구 및 호중구 수도 비교하였다. 결 과 : IVIG 투여 군과 Anti-D Ig 투여 군에서 투여 직전의 백혈구 및 호중구 수의 차이는 없었으나, 투여 후에는 IVIG 투여군에서 42례 중 32례(76.2%)가 투여 전에 비해 호중구 수가 50% 이상 감소하였고, 투여 종료 후 1일째에 호중구수가 최저로 감소하였다. 한편 Anti-D Ig 투여군에서는 12례 중 2례(16.7 %)만이 투여 전 호중구 수에 비해 50% 이상으로 감소하였다. 첫 번째 IVIG 투여군(42례)과 재투여군(7례)에서 호중구 수의 감소는 통계학적인 차이가 없었다. IVIG 투여 방법에 따른 호중구 수의 감소는 5일간 투여군과 2일간 투여군 사이에 통계학적인 차이가 없었다. 면역글로불린 투여 후에 발생한 호중구 감소는 평균 투여 종료 7일 후에 39례 중 38례(97%)에서 자연적으로 회복되었다. 결 론 : 소아 ITP 환자에서 IVIG 투여 후에 호중구 감소가 비교적 흔하게 발생되며, 이는 일시적인 현상으로 대부분 자연적으로 회복되는 것으로 생각된다.

호중구 감소증이 합병된 신생아 패혈증에서 Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor(rhG-CSF)의 투여 용량에 따른 치료 효과 (Therapeutic Effect of Different Doses of Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor(rhG-CSF) on Neonatal Sepsis Complicated by Neutropenia)

  • 최문영;정연숙;손동우;안효섭
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제45권4호
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    • pp.439-448
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    • 2002
  • 목 적 : 신생아 호중구 감소증이 합병된 신생아 패혈증 환아의 치료에 있어서 부가적으로 rhG-CSF(recombinant human granulocye colony-stimulating factor)를 투여함에 있어서 서로 다른 용량의 rhG-CSF를 투여함으로써 나타나는 신생아 패혈증에 합병된 호중구 감소증의 치료와 환아들의 생존율에 미치는 영향을 평가, 비교하려고 하였다(group I/II형 연구). 방 법: 1995년 10월부터 1996년까지 신생아 호중구 감소증이 합병된 신생아 패혈증 환아는 모두 10명으로 이들에게는 $10{\mu}g/kg$을 피하주사 하였고(rhG-CSF $10{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군), 1996년 10월부터 1997년 9 월까지는 신생아 호중구 감소증이 합병된 신생아 패혈증 환아는 모두 12명으로 이들에게는 rhG-CSF를 $5{\mu}g/kg$ 피하주사 하였다(rhG-CSF $5{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군). 각 군의 호중구 증가 정도와 임상적 결과를 서로 비교하였다. 결 과 : RhG-CSF $10{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군은 조발형 신생아 패혈증 1명과 지발형 신생아 패혈증 9명으로 이루어졌고, 모두에게 호중구 감소증이 합병되었다. rhG-CSF $5{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군은 조발형 신생아 패혈증 1명과 지발형 신생아 패혈증 11명이 대상이 되었고, 이들 모두 호중구 감소증이 합병되었다. 두 군간에 출생체중, 재태주령, 항생제 사용, 신생아 패혈증 시기에 기계적 환기요법 투여, 승압제로 dopamine 투여 또는 다른 지지적 요법의 투여에 있어서 차이가 없었다. rhG-CSF 투여 전의 순 호중구 수(ANC)는 rhG-CSF $10{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군이 $1,065{\pm}89$($mean{\pm}SEM$), $5{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군이 $1,053{\pm}131$로 차이가 없었다. 투여 후의 ANC의 증가는 rhG-CSF $10{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군과 $5{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군에서 각각 투여 후 24시간에 7배, 6배, 투여 후 48시간에 10배, 6배, 투여 후 72시간에 8배, 4배, 투여 후 120시간에 8배, 4배로 투여 전에 비하여 두 군 모두에서 각 시간에 의미 있는 증가를 보였다(repeated measure ANOVA와 Kruskall-Wallis test, within subjects effect). 그러나 두 군 간의 차이는 투여 후 48시간에 ANC 최고치에서만 의미 있는 차이를 보였다(student t-test와 Wilcoxon rank sum test). 단핵구 수도 이 기간 동안 의미 있게 증가하였으나 정상범위를 넘지는 않았다. rhG-CSF $10{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군에서 1명의 환아가 자의 퇴원하였고, 1명의 환아가 사망하여 신생아 패혈증에서 회복하여 문제없이 퇴원한 생존율은 자의 퇴원 환아를 제외한 9명 중 8명으로 88.9%였고, rhG-CSF $5{\mu}g/kg$ 투여 군은 12명 중 10명이 생존하여 생존율은 83.3%였다. 두 군 모두에서 특별한 독성이나 부작용은 관찰되지 않았다. 결 론 : RhG-CSF의 투여는 호중구 감소증이 합병된 극심한 신생아 패혈증 환아에서 호중구의 증가를 일으켰다. 두가지 투여 용량에 따르는 효과는 거의 동일하였으며, 단지 투여 후 48시간에 ANC 최고치에서만 의미 있는 차이가 있었다. 두 군의 생존율은 80%이상이었다. 이와 같은 호중구 감소증이 합병된 신생아 패혈증에서 rhG-CSF의 투여 효과는 골수 억압이나 호중구 소모에 의하여 호중구 감소증이 합병된 신생아 패혈증에서 시기적으로 적절히 투여하면 효과적인 치료를 이룰 수 있다는 것을 시사한다. 향후 rhG-CSF의 효능과 부작용에 대하여 무작위 대조실험이 필요시 된다.

Influence of proton pump inhibitor therapy on intestinal inflammation assessed by fecal calprotectin in pediatric patients

  • Kim, Su Yeong;Lee, Na Mi;Yun, Sin Weon;Chae, Soo Ahn;Lim, In Seok;Choi, Eung Sang;Yi, Dae Yong
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제62권10호
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    • pp.400-404
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    • 2019
  • Background: An increase in the numbers of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms has recently been observed. Purpose: To investigate the effects of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy on intestinal inflammation in children and adolescents as confirmed by clinical manifestations and objectively assessed by fecal calprotectin (FC) level measurement. Methods: Consecutive children (aged 3-18 years) who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms and were treated with or without PPI for at least 1 month were enrolled. Patients were divided into PPI and non-PPI groups. The PPI group was further subdivided by treatment duration and type of PPI used. Stool samples were collected for FC evaluation at baseline and after treatment and clinical data and FC levels were compared between the groups. Results: Fifty-one patients (15 boys, 36 girls) were enrolled in the study. The PPI group included 37 patients, while the non-PPI group included 14 patients. Clinical symptoms were not significantly different. FC levels and laboratory results, including C-reactive protein levels, white blood cell count, and absolute neutrophil count, were not statistically different before versus after PPI treatment. After treatment, FC levels decreased to 8.1 mg/kg (-575.4 to 340.3 mg/kg) in the PPI group and increased to 5.6 mg/kg (-460.0 to 186.9 mg/kg) in the non-PPI group compared to those before treatment (P=0.841). The number of patients with increased FC levels was not significantly different between the 2 groups (48.6% vs. 64.3%, P=0.363), similar to that observed in patients with an FC level > 50 mg/kg (24.3% and 7.1%, P=0.250). PPI therapy type and duration did not affect the FC levels (P=0.811 and P=0.502, respectively). Conclusion: Although we aimed to confirm the evidence of intestinal inflammation due to PPI use in children and adolescents through clinical symptoms and FC measurement, no significant changes were observed.

대학병원에서의 Teicoplanin의 사용 현황 조사 및 실태 평가 (The Evaluation of Teicoplanin Usage in a University Hospital)

  • 김은아;오정미
    • 한국임상약학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.19-29
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    • 2001
  • Teicoplanin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, has potential for use as an alternative to vancomycin in the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections. However, unlike vancomycin, there is a lack of study on teicoplanin's efficacy and safety and the guideline for its use is not available, yet. The objective of this study was to investigate and evaluate the pattern of teicoplanin usage in a university hospital. A retrospective study was performed on 72 adult patients, who took teicoplanin for 3 continuous days at D. University hospital from 1 January 1999 to 30 June 2000. The microorganisms treated with teicoplanin were methicillin-resistant Staphylocorcus aureus $(69\%)$, coagulase-negative Staphylococci $(12\%)$, Enterococcus $(4\%)$, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci $(2\%)$, Streptococci $(2\%)$, and Bacillus $(1\%)$. The types of infection treated with teicoplanin were surgical wound infection $(58\%)$, lower respiratory infection $(11\%)$, bactremia $(7\%)$, urinary tract infection $(5\%)$, pleural fluid infection $(4\%)$, and peritoneal fluid infection $(2\%)$. The mean duration of teicoplanin usage was 16.5 days and teicoplanin was used with 1.4 other antibiotics, which were aminoglycosides (isepamicin, amikacin, netilmicin, astromicin) or quinolones (ciprofloxacin, tosufloxacin) or the third generation cephalosporin (ceftazidime). Only 24 cases $(28.6\%)$ met with the criteria for the justification of use, and the rest of 60 cases $(71.4\%)$ did not meet the criteria. In 84 cases $(100\%)$, blood culture tests were performed prior to the initial dose of teicoplanin. In 83 cases $(99\%)$, serum creatinine were conducted before the initial doses. In 45 cases $(53.6\%)$, serum creatinine was monitored at least twice weekly. In 55 cases $(65.5\%)$, WBC was tested at least twice weekly. In 84 cases $(100\%)$, body temperature was monitored at least once per nursing shift. In 15 cases out of 56 cases, maximum temperature decreased at least 1 degree within 3 days of teicoplanin use. In 15 case out of 35 cases, WBC values were within the normal range after treatment. In 23 cases $(27.4\%)$, dosage regimen was appropriate. Drug-related adverse effects were reported in 13 cases. Nephrotoxicity (progressively increasing SCr. or sustained SCr increase of $\geq$0.5 mg/dl from baseline) was noted in five cases. Neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count <1,500 $cells/mm^3$) was noted in one case and eosinophilia (total eosinophil count >350 $cells/mm^3$) was noted in seven cases. A more strict control on use of teicoplanin is required, considering that teicoplanin is categorized as one of restricted antibiotics.

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경부 림프절염로 발현된 가와사키병과 급성 편측 경부 림프절염의 비교 (Comparison of Cervical Lymphadenitis as First Presentation of Kawasaki Disease and Acute Unilateral Cervical Lymphadenitis)

  • 이훈상;김지용;송보경;김용우;박수은
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.217-222
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    • 2016
  • 목적: 본 연구는 경부 림프절 비대로 시작된 가와사키병과 급성 편측 경부 림프절염 환자에서 임상 양상, 혈액검사 소견, 경부 컴퓨터단층촬영 소견에 차이가 있는지 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: 2010년 1월부터 2014년 12월까지 발열과 경부 림프절 비대로 부산대학교 어린이병원에 내원하여 경부 컴퓨터단층촬영을 시행한 환자 총 372명 중에 가와사키병으로 진단된 28명의 환자군과 편측 경부 림프절염 환자군 28명을 후향적으로 비교하였다. 결과: 경부 림프절염으로 발현된 가와사키병과 급성 편측 경부 림프절염에서 발열 기간, 항생제 사용, 경부 림프절 크기에는 차이가 없었다. 혈액검사 소견에서 CLKD 환자에서 AUCL 환자와 비교해서 총 백혈구 수, 호중구 수, 적혈구 침강 속도, C-반응단백 수치가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 경부 컴퓨터단층촬영 소견에서 후인두부 부종 소견은 두 군 간에 차이가 없었다(P=0.686). 결론: CLKD와 AUCL을 조기에 구별할 수 있는 특징적인 소견은 없는 것으로 보이기 때문에 발열과 경부 림프절 비대가 있는 환자에서 항생제 치료에도 증상 개선이 없다면 가와사키병을 고려해야겠다.

열이 있는 3개월 이하의 영아에서 수막염의 예측에 대한 연구 (Predictors of Meningitis in Febrile Infants Aged 3 Months or Younger)

  • 송향순;김은옥;장영택
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.40-46
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    • 2009
  • 목 적: 3개월 이하의 열이 있는 영아에서 세균성 수막염의 진단에 도움이 되는 유용한 예측인자를 알아보고자 연구를 시작하였다. 방 법: 2003년 1월부터 2008년 4월까지 전주예수병원에 직장 체온으로 $38^{\circ}C$ 이상의 발열을 주소로 내원한 3개월 이하의 영아 652명을 대상으로, 내원 당시 체온, 말초 혈액에서 총 백혈구수, 대호중구수, 절대호중구수, C-반응 단백, 혈액 배양검사를 하였고, 세균성 수막염과 연관있는 인자를 분석하였다. 결 과: 세균성 수막염과 관련된 인자로는 C-반응 단백, 대호중구수, 절대호중구수, 연령의 P value가 각각 0.036, 0.037, 0.036, 0.001로 모두 통계학적인 의의가 있었다. C-반응 단백, 대호중구수, 절대호중구수, 연령의 곡선하면적은 각각 0.969, 0.946, 0.765, 0.235이었으며, C-반응 단백의 민감도, 특이도 및 차단점은 각각 83%, 96%, 8 mg/dL, 대호중구수는 각각 83%, 95%, $2,500/mm^3$, 절대호중구수는 각각 83%, 62%, $5,100/mm^3$이었다. C-반응 단백이 7 mg/dL 미만에서는 우도가 0.17이고, 사후확률은 0.1%, 음성예측도가 91% 이어서 세균성 수막염을 배제할 수 있었으며, C-반응단백이 9 mg/dL 이상인 경우 우도는 20.1로, 대호중구수의 16.6, 절대호중구수의 2.18, 연령의 0.61보다 높아서, 혈청 C-반응 단백이 세균성 수막염을 예측하는데 가장 유용한 것으로 판단되었다. 결 론: 3개월 이하의 영아가 발열이 있는 경우 C-반응 단백, 대호중구수, 절대호중구수가 높은 경우에는 세균성 수막염과 관련이 더 많았으며, 특히 혈청 C-반응 단백이 가장 유용한 인자로, 7 mg/dL 미만인 경우는 세균성 수막염을 배제하는데 도움이 되었고, 9 mg/dL 이상인 경우에는 세균성 수막염의 강한 예측인자가 되어 뇌척수액 검사를 적극적으로 고려해야 할 것으로 사료되었다.

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The effects of pentoxifylline and tocopherol in jaw osteomyelitis

  • Seo, Mi Hyun;Eo, Mi Young;Myoung, Hoon;Kim, Soung Min;Lee, Jong Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • 제46권1호
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    • pp.19-27
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    • 2020
  • Objectives: Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a methylxanthine derivative that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of peripheral vessel disease and intermittent lameness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PTX and tocopherol in patients diagnosed with osteoradionecrosis (ORN), bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), and chronic osteomyelitis using digital panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: This study was performed in 25 patients who were prescribed PTX and tocopherol for treatment of ORN, BRONJ, and chronic osteomyelitis between January 2014 and May 2018 in Seoul National University Dental Hospital. Radiographic densities of the dental panorama were compared prior to starting PTX and tocopherol, at 3 months, and at 6 months after prescription. Radiographic densities were measured using Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Adobe System Inc., USA). Blood sample tests showing the degree of inflammation at the initial visit were considered the baseline and compared with results after 3 to 6 months. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test and repeated measurement ANOVA using IBM SPSS 23.0 (IBM Corp., USA). Results: Eight patients were diagnosed with ORN, nine patients with BRONJ, and the other 8 patients with chronic osteomyelitis. Ten of the 25 patients were men, average age was 66.32±14.39 years, and average duration of medication was 151.8±80.65 days (range, 56-315 days). Statistically significant increases were observed in the changes between 3 and 6 months after prescription (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between ORN, BRONJ, and chronic osteomyelitis. Only erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was statistically significantly lower than before treatment (P<0.05) among the white blood cell (WBC), ESR, and absolute neutrophil count (ANC). Conclusion: Long-term use of PTX and tocopherol can be an auxiliary method in the treatment of ORN, BRONJ, or chronic osteomyelitis in jaw.

Risk of Treatment Related Death and Febrile Neutropaenia with First Line Palliative Chemotherapy for De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer in Clinical Practice in a Middle Resource Country

  • Phua, Chee Ee;Tang, Weng Heng;Yusof, Mastura Md.;Saad, Marniza;Alip, Adlinda;See, Mee Hoong;Taib, Nur Aishah
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권23호
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    • pp.10263-10266
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    • 2015
  • Background: The risk of febrile neutropaenia (FN) and treatment related death (TRD) with first line palliative chemotherapy for de novo metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains unknown outside of a clinical trial setting despite its widespread usage. This study aimed to determine rates in a large cohort of patients treated in the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). Materials and Methods: Patients who were treated with first line palliative chemotherapy for de novo MBC from 2002-2011 in UMMC were identified from the UMMC Breast Cancer Registry. Information collected included patient demographics, histopathological features, treatment received, including the different chemotherapy regimens, and presence of FN and TRD. FN was defined as an oral temperature > $38.5^{\circ}C$ or two consecutive readings of > $38.0^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours and an absolute neutrophil count < $0.5{\times}10^9/L$, or expected to fall below $0.5{\times}10^9/L$ (de Naurois et al, 2010). TRD was defined as death occurring during or within 30 days of the last chemotherapy treatment, as a consequence of the chemotherapy treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 18.0 software. Survival probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences in survival compared using log-rank test. Results: Between $1^{st}$ January 2002 and $31^{st}$ December 2011, 424 patients with MBC were treated in UMMC. A total of 186 out of 221 patients with de novo MBC who received first line palliative chemotherapy were analyzed. The mean age of patients in this study was 49.5 years (range 24 to 74 years). Biologically, ER status was negative in 54.4% of patients and Her-2 status was positive in 31.1%. A 5-flourouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (FEC) chemotherapy regimen was chosen for 86.6% of the cases. Most patients had multiple metastatic sites (58.6%). The main result of this study showed a FN rate of 5.9% and TRD rate of 3.2%. The median survival (MS) for the entire cohort was 19 months. For those with multiple metastatic sites, liver only, lung only, bone only and brain only metastatic sites, the MS was 18, 24, 19, 24 and 8 months respectively (p-value= 0.319). Conclusions: In conclusion, we surmise that FEC is a safe regimen with acceptable FN and TRD rates for de novo MBC.