• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 1987

This study was carried out to elucidate the seasonal changes of amylase an nitrate reductase activities in Zoysia japonica Steud. The seasonal changes of the amylase activity AA) in aboveground parts appeared high activity from the beginning of May to the beginning of July and in autumn showed an activity of rapid decreasing tendency. But, the AA in winter(Nov. 15~Feb 28 was not almost detected. The seasonal changes of nitrate reductase activity(NRA) in various organs appeared a very similar figures to the seasonal changes of AA. But, the NRA in the root was not almost detected.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국약용작물학회 2012년도 심포지엄 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.347-348
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• 2012

• 임산에너지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1987

우리나라 남부지방의 대표적 조림수종인 삼나무 20년생과 편백 25년생을 대상으로 $400m^2(20m{\times}20m)$의 조사구를 설정하고, 생산구조와 물질생산량을 조사하였다. 각 조사구로부터는 직경급별로 안배한 각 수종별 9주의 표본목을 벌채하여 1m의 계층으로 절단하고 줄기(Ws), 가지(Wb), 잎(Wl)부위로 나누어 생산량을 측정한 후 건조량을 계산하였다. 엽에 대해서는 소지로부터 엽을 분리하기가 어려우므로 소지의 양을 포함하여 엽량으로 하였다. 생산구조에 있어서 엽은 두 수종 모두 6.2m 부위에서부터 시작되었고 최대엽량부위는 수관의 2/3 지점으로서 거의 동일하게 나타났다. 현존량은 삼나무림 108.75ton/ha, 편백림 112.56ton/ha로 추정되었다. 현존량구성비는 삼나무림에서 줄기, 잎, 가지, 편백림에서는 줄기, 가지, 잎 순으로 서로 다르게 나타났다. 순생산량은 삼나무림 13.32ton/ha/yr로 추정되었으며, 구성비는 줄기, 잎, 가지 순으로 동일하게 나타났다. 생산능률면에서 순동화율을 삼나무림 1.10kg/kg/yr, 편백림 1.21kg/kg/yr, 건재생산능률은 0.71kg/kg/yr, 0.75kg/kg/yr, 현존량축적률은 삼나무림 8.61kg/kg/yr, 편백림 9.63kg/kg/yr로 각각 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.344-344
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• 2017

The glycoprotein known as glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) is abundantly produced on the hyphae and spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil and roots. GRSP play a decisive role in the soil aggregation, but GRSP was also sensitive to agricultural managements. Thus, our objectives were to assess the effect of different cover crop incorporation on the GRSP content in soil and growth of subsequent soybean and maize. Pot experiments with the incorporation of four cover crops were set up. The same amount (666g) of aboveground plant parts of wheat (AMF host), hairy vetch (AMF host), mustard (non-host) and rapeseed (non-host) was separately incorporated into soils. The aboveground plant parts and roots of soybean and maize were grown in each incorporated pots and sampled at 6 and 9 weeks after sowing. Our results showed that the different cover crops incorporation affected soil biological and chemical properties such as EC, $NO_3-N$ content, ${\beta}-glucosidase$ activity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and GRSP content. The soil EC and $NO_3-N$ content in the hairy vetch, mustard and rapeseed was higher compared to the wheat. The ${\beta}-glucosidase$ activity in the wheat and hairy vetch was significantly higher than that in the mustard and rapeseed, and the ALP activity in the wheat was significantly higher than that in the hairy vetch, mustard, and rapeseed. The GRSP content in the mustard and rapeseed was significantly lower than that of the hairy vetch and wheat. Moreover, The top dry weight and leaf area of soybean and maize in the hairy vetch at 6 weeks were significantly higher compared to the other treatments. Our results indicated that the incorporation of mustard and rapeseed may cause indirectly the decrease of GRSP content and soil enzyme activity in soil. One possible explanation for the decrease of GRSP in non-AMF host crop treatments may be the decrease of AMF density in the soil. AMF are not able to form a symbiotic relationship with Brassicaceae roots due to the release of anti-fungal compounds. This means the AMF may not be able to produce GRSP in the soil. However, the differences in the benefit of cover crop incorporation were shown only by a pot experiment. Comparative investigations of crop residue managements would be applied to both pot experiment and field study to clarify a better selection of cover crops in rotation to encourage GRSP production.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.56-68
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• 1987

During the regrowth the process after mowing, NRA in the leaf was the highest activity from the 5th day to the 7th day. Before mowing, the NRA in the root was not almost detected. But, the NRA in root appeared a rapid increasing activity from the 3rd day to the 4th day after mowing ( Figs.27 ~ 32). During the regrowth process after mowing, a general tendency of AA in the aboveground parts appeared an increasing tendency from the 1st day to the 4th day, a rapid increasing tendency from the 7th day to the 8th day reaching its peak, and a decreasing rate on the 8th and 9th day reaching its peak, and a decreasing rate on the 8th and 9th day. But the AA in the root appeared rapid increasing rate from the 2nd day to the 7th day, the heginning of reagrowth, this tendency showed a similar figure in the case of Total Soluble Carbohydrate ( TSC) in the internode. Both AA and NRA were appeared recovery stage frorn the 8th day after mowing(Figs.15~20). During the regrowth process after mowing, changes of the maximum plant lengths were 18.27cm in the 6cm mowing plot on the 24th day after mowing, 18.83cm in the 3cm mowing plot on the 18th day after mowing, and 18.16cm in the 6cm mowing plot on the 14th day after mowing ( Fig.2). During the regrowth process after mowing. changes in Dry Matter (DM) contents in leaf and stem were a slow decreasing tendency from the 1st day to the 4th day. From the 5th day to the 8th day it appeared a rapid increasing tendency. And afterward until the 15th day. All treatments were reached at a steady state ( Figs.3 ~ 8). During the regrowth process after mowing, changes in the TSC contents of stem and crown were a slow decreasing tendency from the 1st day to the 5-6th day. Prom the 7th to the 8th day three was a rapid increasing tendency. And afterward until the 15th day there was a decreasing rate at a steadyv state. In root there was a similar tendency to that of leaf and stem organs. A general tendency in internode, the TSC content appeared a similar figure to increment of AA (Figs. 9 - 14). During the regrowth process after mowing, changes in te Crude Proem (CP) content of ahoveground parts appeared a slow increasing tendency from the 1st day to the 5-6th day, where it is peak. And afterward to the 15th day there was a decreasing rate at a steady state. But, in toot there were a contrary tendency to that of aboveground

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2018

Background: Astragalus membranaceus is a well known oriental medicinal herb. The polysaccharides of the aboveground parts (AMA) and the radix (AMR) of A. membranaceus are the most important functional constituents. Methods and Results: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of AMA and AMR on the oxidative damage induced in the skeletal muscle of rats subjected to exhaustive exercise. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into exercise and non-exercise groups; in the groups receiving the test compounds, AMA and AMR were administered orally for 30 days. Skeletal muscle samples were collected from each rat after running to exhaustion on a treadmill to determine the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) and the concentation of malondialdehyde (MDA). The antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD and GSH-Px of skeletal muscle of AMA- and AMR-treated groups were significantly higher than those of the control and commercial sports drink (SPD)-treated groups in exhaustive exercise rats. In addition, MDA concentrations in the skeletal muscle of the AMA- and AMR-treated groups were significantly lower than those of the control and SPD-treated groups. In the present study, the effects of AMA and AMR on exercise endurance capacity were also evaluated in mice subjected to a swimming exercise test. AMA and AMR supplementation prolonged the swimming time of mice and enhanced exercise endurance capacity. AMA and AMR possess the ability to retard and lower the production of blood lactate, and prevent the decrease of serum blood glucose. Conclusions: These results showed that, AMR and AMA exerted beneficial effect in mice, increasing the activity of the antioxidant systems and inhibiting oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise. The compounds improved exercise performance and showed anti-fatigue effects against exhaustive exercise.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2002

도입마(Dioscorea alata L.) 계통 중 품질이 우수하고 이용 가치가 기대되는 열대산 마(D. alata)를 우리나라에 재배시 그 가능성과 제 기관의 생육특성을 밝히기 위하여 실시하였다. D. alata. 및 D. opposita의 생육패턴 및 수량성을 비교, 도입재배 가능성을 시험하였다. 1. 4월 하순에 정식한 마의 지상부는 70일매 까지는 완만한 생육을 보였으나, 그후에 급격히 생장하여, 200일매 이후 지상부의 하부가 낙엽지며 감소하였다. 생육은 D. alata, 단마 순이었다. 2. 도입마(D. alata)의 형성은 정식 50일 정도에서 일어났으나, 그 후 비대생장이 늦어서 150일 이후에 급격히 비대하였다. 3. D. alata(도입마)의 일반성분은 D. opposita(단마)보다 단백질, 섬유, 지방의 함량이 낮았다. 4. D. alata의 경도를 보면 2696.2로 D. opposite 4946.9 보다 약 2배정도 낮고, 색도 중 명도(L)는 D. alata가 73.99으로 D. opposita보다 높았다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.53-53
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• 2022

Modem agricultural production needs to provide sustainable management practices that are eco-friendly and low cost. Plant extracts are a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic plant growth regulators. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the effects of various plant extracts produced using different extraction methods on the vegetative growth of rice under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. For this study, seventeen plant extracts were made from plant species such as leaves of M. arvense, C. asiatica, M. oleifera, V. radiata, V. unguiculate, P. guajava, A. vera, and A. tuberosum, aboveground plant parts of C. rotundus, M. sativa, and P. frutescens, roots of R. undulatum, tubers of A. sativum, leaves and stems of G. max (cv. Taegwang) as well as rice straw and hulls (cv. Hopyeong). As a test crop, we applied these extracts to rice plants. For the purpose of making our extracts, some plant materials and species were collected in fields and others were purchased from Chonnam Hanyaknonghyup Cooperation (South Korea). Leaves, roots, and aboveground plant parts of plant species were dried, ground, extracted (water, boiling water and ethanol) and fermented. Rice growth promotion effects were determined using plant extracts at 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1% concentrations under petri dish conditions. Seven selected plant extracts were applied to rice seeds with soil drench application or seedling at 3-4 leaf stages with soil and foliar applications under greenhouse conditions. For comparison with extracts, we used urea at 0.6%. Of the 17 water extracts used in this study, 10 extracts reduced rice growth, but the other 7 extracts (P. guajava, A. vera, A. tuberosum, M. sativa, A. sativum, and G. max) increased growth by 40-60% on compared to the control in Petri dish bioassay. Thus, these 7 extracts were selected for further study. Under greenhouse conditions, rice growth also increased by 20-40% when the same 7 extracts were applied to rice seeds using soil drench application. Furthermore, at the 3-4 leaf stage rice growth also increased 30-80% or 30-60% when the same 7 extracts were applied using soil and foliar applications. Overall, the 7 extracts produced higher rates of growth promotion when soil drench application was used than when foliar application was used. In the case of boiling water and ethanol extracts, rice growth increased only 20% in response to both soil drench and foliar application of the same 7 extracts. Rice growth promotion was greater when extracts were produced using water extraction method than boiling water and ethanol extraction methods. Most notably, the 7 water extracts used in this study produced higher rates of growth promotion than urea at 0.6% which is typically used for crop growth promotion. Overall, the 7 water extracts when applied using soil drenching method can be used as effective growth promotors of rice in organic agriculture.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.253-256
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the growth characteristics and inorganic components of Codonopsis lanceolata regarding regional differences. The plant height of Japanese Codonopsis lanceolata was 373.6 cm, so it's revealed that it has more vigorous growth than Korean won. The flowering time of Korean Codonopsis lanceolata was 2 weeks faster than Japanese one. Total fresh weight of root was 41.0 g and 39.0 g for Korean and Japanese respectively, thus, no significance difference was found. However, regarding fresh weight, Korean one had a more fresh weight (35.4 g) of main root parts, but Japanese one had a more fresh weight (9.6 g) of the lateral root part. Each inorganic component was found more in the aboveground parts, regardless of the region and the content of K was the largest. Regarding the content of macroelements for each part of Codonopsis lanceolata, the content of Na, Mg, P, S, and Ca in Korean Codonopsis lanceolata was found the highest on the leaf, followed by stem and root. In the case of Japanese Codonopsis lanceolata, same result was found on the content of Mg and Ca, however, the highest content of Na and P was found in the stem.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.32-37
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• 1999

There is a need to suggest the standards of selection on the cuttings, because the selection of the willow(Salix) cuttings is very important, which will be used as the bioengineering revegetation material to protect the slope by strengthening soil and preventing soil erosion under the bad site conditions. In this study, we measured the lengths and the diameters of original willow cuttings, the total numbers and the lengths of the new shoots and roots after 15 months since the experimental construction of the slope revegetation technology of biological engineering was conducted, and analyzed the correlation between the lengths and the diameters of willow cuttings and the lengths of new roots using the SPSS program. The results are as follows; First, the lower the elevation of tested slope was, the more the number of new shoots and the average lengths of new roots increased. Secondly, the ratio of underground parts and aboveground parts was 4.24 ~ 5.93 proving the fact that the willow(Salix) is one of the species deep rooted with developed underground parts. Thirdly, there is a strong correlation between the diameters of willow cuttings and the total lengths of new roots, whereas, there is no correlation between the lengths of willow cuttings and the total lengths of new roots. In conclusion, it is more efficient for the early rapid revegetation and slope stabilization to select willow cuttings with the biggest possible diameters than with the longest lengths as the slope revegetation materials of biological engineering.