• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ablation Rate

검색결과 180건 처리시간 0.205초

Nd:YVO4 Laser Patterning of Various Transparent Conductive Oxide Thin Films on Glass Substrate at a Wavelength of 1,064 nm

  • Wang, Jian-Xun;Kwon, Sang Jik;Cho, Eou Sik
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.59-62
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    • 2013
  • At an infra-red (IR) wavelength of 1,064 nm, a diode-pumped Q-switched $Nd:YVO_4$ laser was used for the direct patterning of various transparent conductive oxide (TCO) thin films on glass substrate. With various laser beam conditions, the laser ablation results showed that the indium tin oxide (ITO) film was removed completely. In contrast, zinc oxide (ZnO) film was not etched for any laser beam conditions and indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) was only ablated with a low scanning speed. The difference in laser ablation is thought to be due to the crystal structures and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ITO, IGZO, and ZnO. The width of the laser-patterned grooves was dependent on the film materials, the repetition rate, and the scanning speed of the laser beam.

하이브리드화에 의한 탄소 직물 복합재료의 역학적 특성 및 열적 특성 (Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Phenolic Composite reinforced with Hybrid of Carbon Fabrics)

  • 김재홍;박종규;정경호;강태진
    • Composites Research
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.18-24
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    • 2007
  • 본 연구에서는 전구체의 종류에 따라 PAN계/rayon계, 직물의 형태에 따라 연속사 및 방적사 탄소 직물을 사용하여 하이브리드 복합재료를 제조하여 역학적 특성과 열적 특성을 살펴보았다. 인장, 층간 전단강도 실험을 통해 연속사 PAN계 탄소 직물을 많이 사용한 하이브리드 복합재료에서 우수한 역학적 특성을 보이는 것으로 확인되었다. 토치 테스트에서는 rayon계 탄소 직물 복합재료의 삭마 저항성이 가장 떨어짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 방적사 PAN계 탄소 직물과 rayon계 탄소 직물을 하이브리드화한 복합재료가 면내 방향과 수직 방향 모두에서 저 열전도도 구현에 유리한 특성을 보여주었다.

Room Temperature Preparation of Poly-Si Thin Films by IBE with Substrate Bias Method

  • Cho, Byung-Yoon;Yang, Sung- Chae;Han, Byoung-Sung;Lee, Jung-Hui;Yatsui Kiyoshi
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.57-62
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    • 2005
  • Using intense pulsed ion beam evaporation technique, we have succeeded in the preparation of poly crystalline silicon thin films without impurities on silicon substrate. Good crystallinity and high deposition rate have been achieved without heating the substrate by using lEE. The crystallinity of poly-Si film has been improved with the high density of the ablation plasma. The intense diffraction peaks of poly-Si thin films could be obtained by using the substrate bias system. The crystallinity and the deposition rate of poly-Si thin films were increased by applying (-) bias voltage for the substrate.

Outcomes of Surgical Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: The Port Access Approach vs. Median Sternotomy

  • Park, Won-Kyoun;Lee, Jae-Won;Kim, Joon-Bum;Jung, Sung-Ho;Choo, Suk-Jung;Chung, Cheol-Hyun
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제45권1호
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    • pp.11-18
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    • 2012
  • Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and rhythm outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation through a port access approach compared with sternotomy in patients with AF associated with mitral valve diseases. Materials and Methods: From February 2006 through December 2009, 135 patients underwent biatrial AF ablation with a mitral operation via either a port-access approach (n=78, minimally invasive cardiac surgery [MICS] group) or a conventional sternotomy (n=57, sternotomy group). To adjust for the differences in the two groups' baseline characteristics, a propensity score analysis was performed. Results: After adjustment, there were no significant differences in the two groups' baseline profiles. The cardiopulmonary bypass time was significantly longer (p=0.045) in the MICS group ($176.0{\pm}49.5$ minutes) than the sternotomy group ($150.0{\pm}51.9$ minutes). There were no significant differences (p=0.31) in the two groups' rate of reoperation for bleeding (MICS=6 vs. sternotomy=2, p=0.47) or the requirement for permanent pacing (MICS=1 vs. sternotomy=3). The major event-free survival rates at two years were $87.4{\pm}8.1%$ in the MICS group and $89.6{\pm}5.8%$ in the sternotomy group (p=0.92). Freedom from late AF at 2 years was $86.8{\pm}6.2%$ in the MICS group and $85.0{\pm}6.9%$ in the sternotomy group (p=0.86). Conclusion: Both the port-access approach and sternotomy showed tolerable clinical outcomes following biatrial AF ablation with mitral valve surgery.

KrF Pulsed Laser Ablation 법으로 제조한 $Nd_xFe_{90.98-x}B_{9.02}$ 박막의 자기특성 (Magnetic Properties of $Nd_xFe_{90.98-x}B_{9.02}$ Thin Films Grown by a KrF Pulsed Laser Ablation Method)

  • 김상원;양충진
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제7권6호
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    • pp.299-307
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    • 1997
  • KrF 엑시머 Laser Ablation 법으로 (100)Si 기판위에 NdFeB 박막을 제조하였다. N $d_{x}$F $e_{90.98-x}$ $B_{9.02}$(x=17.51 ~ 27.51) 조성의 타겟을 사용하고, 레이저광에너지밀도를 2.75 ~ 5.99 J/c $m_{2}$, 기판온도를 620 ~ 700 .deg. C로 하여 제공정 조건이 박막의 자기특성, 결정배향성 및 미세조직에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 증착상태의 시편에서 우선결정배향성은 관찰되지 않았으나 4 .pi. $M_{s}$ .approximately equal. 7 kG, 4 .pi. $M_{r}$ .approximately equal. 4 kG 및 $H_{c}$ = 300 ~ 1000 Oe인 자기특성이 얻어졌다. 증착 속도는 에너지밀도의 증가에 따라 직선적으로 증가 하였으며, 기판온도 증가에 따라서는 현저한 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 3 J/c $m_{2}$의 에너지밀도가 최적의 조건이었으며, Nd량의 증가에 따라 4 .pi. $M_{s}$ 의 현저한 감소없이 4 .pi. $M_{r}$$H_{c}$가 증가하는 경향이 확인되었다.되었다.다.

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Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation in Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective Study

  • Erya Deng;Tingting Jiang;Huihui Chai;Ning Weng;Hongfeng He;Zhengxian Zhang;Chengzhong Peng;Wenwen Yue;Huixiong Xu
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.289-300
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    • 2024
  • Objective: To prospectively evaluate the outcomes of ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT). Materials and Methods: Patients with THPT underwent RFA between September 2017 and January 2022. Laboratory parameters, including serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels, were monitored for 48 months after RFA and compared with the levels at baseline. Complications related to RFA and changes in hyperparathyroidism-related clinical symptoms were recorded before and after RFA. Results: A total of 42 patients with THPT were recruited for this study. Ultimately, 36 patients with renal failure and 2 patients who underwent successful renal transplantation (male:female, 17:21; median age, 54.5 years) were enrolled. The follow-up time was 21.5 ± 19.0 months in the 36 patients with renal failure. In these 36 patients, iPTH levels were significantly decreased to 261.1 pg/mL at 48 months compared with the baseline value of 1284.9 pg/mL (P = 0.012). Persistent hyperparathyroidism, defined as iPTH levels maintained at > 585.0 pg/mL for 6 months after treatment, occurred in 4.0% of patients (1/25). Recurrent hyperparathyroidism, defined as iPTH levels > 585.0 pg/mL after 6 months, were 4.0% (1/25) and 0.0% (0/9) at 6 months and 4 years after treatment, respectively. In two patients with THPT after successful renal transplantation, iPTH decreased from the baseline value of 242.5 and 115.9 pg/mL to 171.0 and 62.0 pg/mL at 6 months after treatment. All complications resolved within 6 months of ablation without medical intervention, except in 10.5% (4/38) patients with permanent hypocalcemia. The overall symptom recovery rate was 58.8% (10/17). The severity scores for bone pain, arthralgia, and itchy skin associated with hyperparathyroidism improved after treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion: US-guided RFA is an effective and safe alternative to surgery in the treatment of patients with TPTH and improves hyperparathyroidism-related clinical symptoms.

피라미드 크기가 PDMS Mold 구조에 미치는 영향

  • 표대승;공대영;전성찬;오정화;홍표환;김봉환;이종현;조찬섭
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.294-294
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    • 2013
  • 소수성을 띄는 표면은 자연으로부터 시작된 연구이다. 연잎, 소금쟁이 다리, 매미 날개 등 많은 자연의 표면은 150o보다 높은 접촉각을 지니기 때문에 물에 대한 반발이 심해져 약간의 기울임에도 쉽게 물방울이 굴러 떨어지고 이때 먼지를 제거할 수 있다. 자연현상을 이용해 물질 표면의 소수성 제어에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행 중이다. 친수성과 소수성은 일반적으로 표면에서 물방울의 contact angle 측정으로 확인 할 수 있다. Contact angle이 $90^{\circ}$ 작을 경우 친수성, $90^{\circ}$보다 클 경우 소수성이라고 한다. 이러한 기술을 이용해서 solar cell, 자동차 유리, 건물외벽, 등 다양한 분야에서 사용하고 있으며, 소수성 구조를 만드는 방법으로는 laser ablation, wet etching, 리소그라피 공정이 있는데, laser ablation의 경우 가격이 비싸다는 단점을 가지고 있으며, 반면 가격이 저렴한 wet etching의 경우 제어가 힘들다는 단점을 지니고 있다. 리소그라피 공정은 비싼 비용과 시간을 소비해야 하는 단점을 지니고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 단점들을 개선하기 위해 공정 시간의 감소와, 저 비용으로 제작이 가능한 RIE (Recative Ion Etching)로 피라미드 구조를 만들었다. 형성된 구조물에 투명하고 균일하며, 낮은 계면에너지를 갖고 있는 PDMS (polydimethelsiloxine)로 mold을 수행하였다. RIE를 이용한 표면 구조는 Gas, Flow rate, Pressure, Power, Time 등을 조절하여 단결정 실리콘 기판 위에 피라미드의 크기를 조절하였다. 피라미드의 크기가 커짐에 따라 물과 PDMS가 닿는 면적이 줄어들면서 높은 소수성을 가지게 되는데, 높은 소수성 구조를 가지는 피라미드 형상을 찾기 위한 실험을 진행하였다. RIE 조건은 Flow rate: 30 sccm, Temperature: $10^{\circ}C$ Pressure: 100 mTorr, Power: 200 W, Process Time: 5~50 min으로 조절하며 공정을 수행하였고 RIE공정 후 SAMs (Self-Assembly Monolayers)을 진행하였으며, 마지막으로 PDMS를 이용하여 mold공정을 진행하였다. 그리고 SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope)장비를 이용하여 Etching된 단면을 관찰하였으며, 접촉각을 측정하였다. Process Time을 50 min로 공정하였을 때, 측정된 접촉각은 $134^{\circ}$였다.

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Functional Insufficiency of Mitral and Tricuspid Valves Associated With Atrial Fibrillation: Impact of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence on Surgical Outcomes

  • Kitae Kim;Jin Kim;Sung-Ho Jung;JaeWon Lee;Joon Bum Kim
    • Korean Circulation Journal
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    • 제53권8호
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    • pp.550-562
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    • 2023
  • Background and Objectives: To identify the factors associated with adverse outcomes following surgery for functional insufficiency of the mitral valve (MV) or tricuspid valve (TV) associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: We evaluated 100 patients (age, 66.5±10.0 years; 47 males) who consecutively underwent surgery for functional insufficiency of the MV or TV associated with AF between January 2000 and December 2020 at our center. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of all-cause death, valve reoperation, congestive heart failure (CHF) requiring rehospitalization, and stroke. Results: During follow-up (532 patients-years [PYs]), adverse events included death in 16 (3.0%/yr), MV reoperation in 1 (0.2%/yr), CHF in 14 (2.6%/yr), and stroke in 5 (0.9%/yr) patients, demonstrating a 5-year rate of freedom from the primary endpoint of 69.5%. The rate of postoperative AF was high even in those who underwent AF ablation (n=92), with cumulative rates of 48.1% at 1 year and 60.2% at 5 years. In multivariable analyses, the primary outcome was significantly associated with age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.10; p=0.005), chronic kidney disease (aHR, 7.76; 95% CI, 2.28-26.38; p=0.001), left atrial appendage exclusion (aHR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.16-1.78; p=0.010), and postoperative AF as a time-varying covariate (aHR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.50-7.40; p=0.003). Conclusion: Among patients undergoing surgery for functional atrioventricular insufficiency associated with AF, a significant proportion showed recurrence of AF over time after concomitant AF ablation, which was significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes.

하지정맥류 치료를 위한 2세대 고주파 열폐쇄술($VNUS^{(R)}Colosure$ fast)과 기존의 고주파 열폐쇄술($VNUS^{(R)}Closure$ plus)의 임상치험 비교 분석 (Clinical Experience of $VNUS^{(R)}Closure$ fast in Treatment of Varicose Vein: Comparison with Traditional Radiofrequency Ablation)

  • 김우식;이정상;정성철;신용철
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제43권6호
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    • pp.635-641
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    • 2010
  • 배경: 대복재 정맥의 역류로 인한 대퇴정맥 접합부 부전에 대한 치료로써 정맥내 시술인 고주파 열폐쇄술은 고전적 복재정맥 스트리핑과 비교해 부작용이 적고 우수한 방법이다. 기존의 대복재정맥에 대한 고주파 열폐쇄술의 단점은 시술 시간이 길다는 점이었으나 이를 보완한 2세대 고주파 열폐쇄술($VNUS^{\circledR}Colosure$ fast)은 분절 소작법을 채택하여 시술시간이 짧아지고 치료 방법 또한 더 간편해졌다. 이에 본 연구는 하지정맥류에 대한 2세대 고주파 열폐쇄술($VNUS^{\circledR}Colosure$ fast)을 이용한 치료 결과 및 합병증을 기존의 고주파 열폐쇄술($VNUS^{\circledR}Colosure$ plus)과 비교하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2006년 6월부터 2009년 8월까지 대퇴 정맥 접합부의 역류가 있는 경우만을 골라 정맥내 고주파 열폐쇄술을 받은 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 기존의 고주파 열폐쇄술($VNUS^{\circledR}Colosure$ plus)를 시행 받은 총 4 명 (59족)의 환자(이후 1세대군)와 2세대 고주파 열폐쇄술($VNUS^{\circledR}Colosure$ fast) 시행 받은 67명 (76족)의 환자(이후 2세대군)를 대상으로 후향적으로 두 집단 사이의 환자의 성비, 평균 시술시간, 치료된 정맥직경, 동반한 치료방법, 시술 후 합병증을 비교하였다. 결과: 모든 환자는 하지정맥류로 인한 증상이 있었고 CEAP class 2 이상으로 초음파상 대퇴정맥접합부의 역류가 있었다. 치료된 대복재 정맥의 평균직경은 1세대군과 2세대군 사이에 양 군간의 통계학적 차이는 없었다($5.59{\pm}0.6mm$ vs.$5.65{\pm}0.6mm$, p=0.68). 평균 치료 시간은 2세대군이 유의하게 낮았다($17.0{\pm}6.5min$ vs. $62.7{\pm}9.8min$, p<0.001). 양 군에서 유의할 만한 합병증은 발생하지 않았다. 결론: 하지정맥류에 대한 치료로서 정맥내 시술인 고주파 열폐쇄술은 안전하며 효과적인 시술이며 2세대 열폐쇄술($VNUS^{\circledR}Colosure$ fast)은 시술시간의 단축과 조작의 용이함으로 의사 및 환자의 만족도가 높은 치료라 할 수 있겠고 향후 더 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로 장기적인 연구가 필요하다고 생각된다.

Microvascular reconstruction for maxillofacial defects: a retrospective analysis of outcomes and complications in 121 consecutive cases

  • Kim, SeongRyoung;Lee, Dong-Hun;Ahn, Kang-Min
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • 제42권
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    • pp.29.1-29.7
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    • 2020
  • Background: Microvascular reconstruction is the treatment of choice after oral cancer ablation surgery. There are few published studies of free flap survival among Korean populations. This study aimed to determine the survival rate after 121 consecutive cases of maxillofacial microvascular reconstruction and to analyze the complications associated with microsurgery. Methods: This study included consecutive patients who underwent microsurgical reconstruction with free flaps, from January 2006 through September 2019, performed by a single surgeon at the oral and maxillofacial surgery department of a tertiary medical center. A total of 121 cases were reviewed retrospectively. The flap survival rate, flap type, radiotherapy history, complications, and treatment results were analyzed. Results: Four different flap types were used for microvascular reconstruction: radial forearm (n = 65), fibula (n = 34), latissimus dorsi (n = 21), and serratus anterior muscle with rib bone free flap (n = 1). Total necrosis of the flap was found in four cases (two latissimus dorsi flaps and two fibular flaps). The free flap survival rate was 97.5%. Nineteen patients received radiotherapy before surgery, and none of them experienced flap failure. The mean operation time was 334 ± 83.1 min, and the mean ischemic time was 48.9 ± 12.7 min. Conclusions: The success rate was reliable and comparable with previous studies. The success rate was not affected by radiation therapy. Free flaps can be safely used even after radiation treatment.