• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.927-938
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• 1998

Epidemiological studies have indicated that a relationship between overweight and cardiovascular disease exists. To assess the relationship of unfavorable changes in serum lipid concentrations, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein(a), blood sugar and blood pressure to anthropometric variables, nutrient intakes and dietary behavior,64 obese children were chosen as subjects and 24-hour dietary intake, dietary behavior as well as blood pressure, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein(a), three kinds of cholesterol concentrations were measured in November 1976. More than half(57.8%) of the children had serum cholesterol concentrations over 175mg/d1, and 26.6% of them had over 200mg/d1 and this group could be classified as a high risk group. Abdominal obesity as measured with waist circumference and waist hip ratio was negatively co..elated to high density lipop개tein(HDL) cholesterol. Dietary behavior rather than nutrient intakes appeared to have associations with unfavorable lipid profiles. Total dietary behavior scores and fish and bean product consumption had strong correlations with potentially atherogenic lipoprotein concentrations. This study suggests that fir the early prevention of cardiovascular disease, waist hip ratio together with obese rate should be included in selective programs to identify risk group of children in Korea. furthermore, interventions in cardiovascular disease risk groups in obese children should emphasize maintenance of ideal body weight through reducing body fat and adopting desirable dietary behaviors such as increasing intake of fish or bean products. (Korean J Nutrition 31(5) : 927~938, 1998)

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.68-70
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• 2011

Neuroblastoma is a common tumor of children. We report a patient with extensive calvarial metastases of a neuroblastoma as an initial presentation. A 2-year-old girl presented with a history of gradually increasing head size and fever. A brain CT showed a multilobulated, large, extra-axial tumor involving both frontotemporoparietal areas with a sunray-spiculated hyperostosis of the skull and marked contrast enhancement. A brain MRI demonstrated extensive calvarial lesions with simultaneous involvement of the orbits. A biopsy was performed and a ganglioneuroblastoma was diagnosed. On systemic evaluation, an enlarged abdominal mass was detected. After neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, most of the tumors disappeared except for a tumor in the left parietal area; there was a corresponding decrease in the circumference of the head. We performed surgery for the remnant mass. Intensive chemotherapy was administered and a bone marrow transplantation was performed. Adequate neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery to the neuroblatoma with extensive metastases to the skull and orbit may be helpful.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.545-553
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to test the effect of a 12-week exercise program on body composition. blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid and bone mineral density for middle-aged and aged women in rural areas. Methods: The subjects were 33 women at the age of 40-75. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics and paired t-test were used with SPSSWIN 16.0. Results: The results were summarized as follows. First, body weight, BMI. % body fat. abdominal adipose, and waist circumference of the women decreased significantly after implementing the 12-week exercise program. Second, diastolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL decreased significantly, and the HDL level increased significantly after the 12-week exercise program. Third, bone mineral density did not increase significantly after the program. Conclusion: These results suggest that the exercise program has an effect in decreasing body composition, and improving blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid in middle-aged and aged women.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2008

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome (also known as insulin resistance syndrome) represents a constellation of hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity. Presently, the influence of various factors on metabolic syndrome was assessed in patients of a university hospital comprehensive medical examination center. Methods: Age, sex, blood pressure, height, weight, triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose levels were measured in 67 people (37 males and 30 females). These factors were correlated with tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and exercise habits. Metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity were assessed according to NCEP-ATP III criteria and the Asia-Pacific guidelines (male obesity defined as a waist circumference exceeding 90 cm), respectively. Data was analyzed using t-test, 2-test, and logistic regression. Results: Respective percentages were: tobacco use (14.9% of the 67 people), no tobacco use (85.1%), alcohol consumption (62.7%), no alcohol consumption (37.3%), regular exercise (25.4%), no regular exercise (74.6%). Logistic regression analysis revealed a gender-related odds ratio of 2.3 for metabolic syndrome and no exercise. Conclusions: Weight reduction and physical exercise may decrease the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Early identification of metabolic syndrome and risk factor modification is prudent in cases of obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2011

Purpose: As anger may be strongly related to stroke, this study examined the relationship between anger expression style (anger-in, anger-out, anger-control) and risk factors for stroke to investigate the possible attribution of anger expression style to stroke incidence. Methods: The cross sectional study design was employed. The 291 participants signed consent forms and completed questionnaires including the anger expression style scales and risk factors for stroke. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and One-way ANOVA. Results: The highest score among anger expression styles of the participants was from anger-control. Participants with higher mean value of anger-out were current non-smokers, doing regular exercise, having scores above 23 in Body Mass Index, having scores above 90 cm (male) or 80 cm (female) in abdominal circumference, and having scores below 85 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure. Participants with more than 5 risk factors to stroke had the highest score of anger-in. Conclusion: The results of this study implied anger expression style was psychological risk factor for stroke. Further studies to differentiate the anger expression style contributing to the risk of stroke are needed with a longitudinal study design.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.171-181
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors on the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MS), and to examine factors affecting the severity of coronary artery diseases in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: A total of 894 patients who had admitted C national university hospital from 2008 to 2010 participated in this study. Collected data were lipid profiles, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, participants' demographic data and other risk factors by interview, measurement, and review of participants' medical records. MS was defined according to modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and Asia-Pacific Criteria. Results: The participants' mean age was 64.7 (${\pm}11.0$) years and 65% was male patients. The participants' with MS was 37.6% in men and 71.4% in women. According to binary logistic regression analysis, high FBS (95% CI 1.7-2.0) and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (95% CI 1.1-1.9) were independent predictors of severe coronary artery disease. Conclusion: These risk factors of severe coronary artery disease will be utilized as an important basic data in part of management, education, and countermeasure of patients with both MS and AMI.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.233-239
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of compression clothing on the body shape of the human subjects. Thirty seven healthy females being overweighted with local adiposity on the buttocks and legs between the ages of 20's to 50's were used as the human subjects for the study. The selected subjects wore the compression clothing during 60 days by 8 hours a day. At the start(T0), after 30(T30) and after 60 days of treatment(T60), a cutaneous echography was measured on the right trochanter area of each volunteer in order to assess the thickness of the subcutaneous fatty tissue. At the start(T0), after 30(T30) and after 60 days of treatment(T60), the body weight of each volunteer was taken and the instrumental variations of skinfold measurements of the abdominal fold and inner thigh circumference of the waist, hips and thigh were conducted. The results show that the echography and weight loss of subjects were reduced to 8.34% and 2.08% after 60 days, respectively. Moreover, the skinfold of subjects was also reduced. Finally, skin elastometry of subjects increased.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.1212-1216
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to determine and compare some characteristics of the meat and carcass of rabbits aged 11 weeks according to sex. In the experiment thirty male and thirty female New Zealand White rabbits were slaughtered. The weights and percentages of cold carcasses, skin with head and limbs, liver, kidney, heart, lung, fore legs, hind legs, breast and ribs, loin and abdominal wall were recorded. The values for carcass length, lumbar circumference, pH in the muscles of Biceps femoris and Longissimus dorsi, meat to bone ratio and cooking loss were also determined. The mean values for cold carcass weight and cold dressing percentage were 832 g and 48.77% in male and 849 g and 48.69% in female, respectively. In this study no significant differences were shown between male and female rabbits in the characteristics of carcass and meat except the value of pH of Longissimus dorsi muscle which was markedly higher in males than that in females meat. Slaughter weight was positively correlated with the weights of carcass, skin with head and limbs, lung, liver, kidney, heart and weights of joints (p<0.01) and dressing percentage (p<0.05).

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.73-81
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• 2015

Objectives: We tried to confirm physical activity of 1,000 Kcal per week was a meaningful point in controlling coronary artery disease risks in female older adults. Methods: Participants were 66 female older adults recruited from senior welfare center. Participants were provided with accelerometer (e-step, Kenz, Japan) for measuring daily energy expenditure. Graded exercise test was done for measuring aerobic fitness. Blood glucose and lipid were analyzed. Framingham risk score was calculated based on blood glucose, blood lipid, and smoking. These variables were compared between the group expended more than 1,000 Kcal/week and the group with energy expenditure below 1,000 Kcal/week. Results: The group expended over 1,000kcal/week showed to be superior to the counterpart group in following variables; AC(Abdominal Circumference), %BF, $HR_{rest}$(resting heart rate), $VO_{2peak}$, FBG, LDL-C, TG, BDI-II, QOL, AR(Absolute Risk), RR(Relative Risk). Conclusions: The group expended over 1,000 Kcal/week was likely to have less probability in CAD than group expended less than 1,000 Kcal/week. The result of this study suggests the important role of active daily life that can be replaced with that of regular exercise especially for those who are not available to do structured exercise.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2006

Object : Waist circumference(WC), waist-hip ratio(WHR), waist-stature ratio(WSR), and body mass index(BMI) are commonly used for evaluating obesity. This Research were done to determine what is more sensitive obesity indexes(WC, WHR, WSR, BMI) Correlated with body composition such as body fat mass, body fat(%), visceral fat area, and fat free mass. And what is more sensitively correlated obesity indexes with % changes of body composition during weight reduction treatment. Methods : This clinical retrospective research were carried out 127 cases of female obese outpatients with weight reduction treatment during 1 month. Bioelectrical impedence analysis(for body composition) and body size(for anthropometric obesity indexes) were estimated in pre-treatment and post-treatment to evaluate the obesity indexes. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to select useful obesity index. Result & Conclusion : BMI is useful index for diagnosis and evaluation of obesity. WSR is sensitively correlated with visceral fat area and body fat(%). So, WSR is useful index for evaluating abdominal obesity and risk factors of metabolic syndrome. WC is correlated with both body fat mass and fat free mass. WHR is not optimal for diagnosis and evaluation of obesity.