• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.515-517
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• 2003

In order to assess the risk of adverse health effects on human exposure to arsenic and heavy metals influenced by past mining activities, environmental geochemical surveys were undertaken in the abandoned metal mine areas (Dongil Au-Ag-Cu-Zn, Okdong Cu-Pb-Zn, Songcheon Au-Ag, Dongjung Au-Ag-Pb-Zn, Dokok Au-Ag-Cu and Hwacheon Au-Ag-Pb-Zn mines). Arsenic and other heavy metals were highly elevated in the tailings from the Dongil, the Songcheon and the Dongjung mines. High concentrations of heavy metals except As were also found in tailings from the Okdong, the Dokok and the Hwacheon mines. These significant concentrations can impact on soils and waters around the tailing dumps. Risk compounds deriving from mine sites either constitute a toxic risk or a carcinogenic risk. The hazard index (H.I.) of As in the Dongil, the Okdong, the Songcheon and the Hwacheon mine areas was higher value more than 1.0. In the Okdong and the Songcheon mine areas, H.I. value of Cd exceeded 1.0. These values of As and Cd were the highest in the Songcheon mine area. Therefore, toxic risks for As and Cd exist via exposure (ingestion) of contaminated soil, groundwater and rice grain in these mine areas. The cancer risk for As in stream or ground water used for drinking water from the Songcheon, the Dongil, the Okdong, the Dongjung and the Hwacheon mine areas was 3E-3, 8E-4, 7E-4, 2E-4 and 1E-4, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.279-285
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the differences between the heavy metal contaminated and non-contaminated Artemisia princeps var. orientalis and Equisetum arvense in litter decomposition processes. The plant samples were collected from abandoned mine tailings and control sites in Cheongyang, South Korea. The abandoned mine tailings have high heavy metal concentration and low soil organic matter contents. The heavy metal contents of mine tailings were about 13 and 28 times higher in As and Cd, compared to those in control soils. Also, the contents of the Cr, Ni and Zn in mine tailings were about 3 to 6 times higher than those in control soil. Samples of two plant species from mine tailings have high heavy metal concentrations compared to those from control sites. The leaf of A. princeps var. orientalis and shoot of E. arvense collected from mine tailings have approximately 23 and 58 times more in As, and 25 and 11 times more in Cd. The mass loss rates of plant litter from mine tailings were slower than those from control sites. During the experimental period, the decomposition of A. princeps var. orientalis leaf from mine tailings and control site showed 50.4% and 65.7% mass loss on the control soil area, respectively. The decomposition of A princeps var. orientalis leaf from mine tailings and control site showed 31.6% and 57.5% mass loss on the mine tailings area, respectively. The decomposition of A. princeps var. orientalis stem from mine tailings and control site showed similar patterns with their leaf decomposition. The decomposition of E. arvense shoot from mine tailings and control site showed 77.8% and 89.3% mass loss on the control soil area, respectively. The decomposition of E. arvense shoot from mine tailings and control site showed 67.6% and 82.1% mass loss on the mine tailings area, respectively. Therefor, the higher contents of heavy metals showed slow decomposition. The results suggested that heavy metal contamination affected the plant litter decomposition processes.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.218-231
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• 2012

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the physico-chemical water quality, trophic and tolerance guilds in the control ($C_o$) and impacted streams of the abandoned mine, along with the ecological health, using a multimetric health model and physical habitat conditions of Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI), during the period of three years, 2005~2007. Also, eco-toxicity ($EE_t$) enclosure tests were conducted to examine the toxic effects on the outflows from the mine wastewater, using the sentinel species of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, and we compared the biological responses of the control ($C_o$) and treatment (T) to the effluents through a Necropybased Health Assessment Index ($N_b$-HAI). Tissue impact analysis of the spleen, kidney, gill, liver, eyes, and fins were conducted in the controlled enclosure experiments (10 individuals). According to the comparisons of the control ($C_o$) vs. the treatment (T) in physicochemical water quality, outflows from the abandoned mine resulted in low pH of 3.2, strong acid wastewater, high ionic concentrations, based on an electrical conductivity, and high total dissolved solid (TDS). Physical habitat assessments, based on Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI) did not show any statistical differences (p>0.05) in the sampling sites, whereas, the $M_m$-EH model values in a multimetric ecological health ($M_m$-EH) model of the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI), using fish assemblages, were 16~20 (fair condition) in the control and all zero (0, poor condition) in the impacted sites of mine wastewater. In addition, in enclosure eco-toxicity ($EE_t$) tests, the model values of $N_b$-HAI ranged between 0 and 3 in the controls during the three years, indicating an excellent~good condition (Ex~G), and were >100 (range: 100~137) in the impacted sites, which indicates a poor condition (P). Under the circumstances, organ tissues, such as the liver, kidney, and gills were largely impaired, so that efficient water quality managements are required in the outflow area of the abandoned mine watershed.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.129-142
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• 2007

The Purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of abandoned paddy fields as wetland ecosystems and their suitability as habitats for various species. Physical and chemical characteristics of soils and the change of vegetation in paddy fields were analysed -with the passage of time after cease of cultivation. The results of analyses for soil characteristics, vegetation succession, and functional values of abandoned paddy fields as wetlands were as follows: First, top soils become coarser as years after abandonment increase. Second, as the years of abandonment passed. there were significant differences in organic matter, available phosphorate and calcium, while not in magnesium and cation exchange capacity(CEC). Third, species increased from early stage till middle stage, and decreased in late stage. In similarity analysis of species composition, sites were classified into three groups according to the stage of succession. Upper and lower terraces at Daetgol were classified as early stage of succession. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd terraces at Nonbanggol were in middle stage, while tile 4th and 5th were in late stage. Forth, according to evaluation sheets of MoE and RAM(Rapid Assessment Method) standards, me overall average of functional value of Nonbanggol site were 2.13, classified as "common".

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.457-464
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• 2021

The objectives of this study were to analyze of soil chemical characteristics of abandoned coal mine forest rehabilitation areas in Gangwon-do. The study sites were 8 areas and the investigations were performed 11 times according to elapsed time. Soil characteristics were soil pH, TOC, Total-N, C/N ratio, and Av. P₂O₅. Soil pH and Av. P₂O₅ were decreased according to elapsed time after forest rehabilitation, while TOC, Total-N, and C/N ratio increased. TOC and Total-N arrived at quality requirements of covering soil for forest rehabilitation in abandoned coal mine area passed 10 years after forest rehabilitation, while soil pH became lower than that. Therefore, it needs long-term monitoring of soil chemical characteristics after the forest rehabilitation and to establish post management.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.534-548
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• 2021

In this paper, the feasibility of generating solar power near an abandoned quarry is examined with the objectives of resolving the essential problems that quarries encounter, such as rockfalls and space usage issues. On an abandoned quarry site in Sadang, Seoul, Republic of Korea, two different PV installation methods were analyzed. The first is attaching PV directly on the quarry slope. Since there are no corresponding safety standards and precedents for installing solar panels directly on slopes, the power generation potential was calculated by using topographic data and reasonable assumptions. The surface area of cut slope section was extracted from the Digital Elevation Model(DEM) via ArcGIS and Python programming to calculate the tilt and power capacity of installable panels. The other approach is installing PV as a rockfall barrier, and the power generation potential was analyzed with the assumption that the panel is installed in the direction of facing solar irradiation. For the derivation of power generation, the renewable energy generation analysis program SAM(System Advisor Model) was used for both methods. According to the result, quarries that have terminated resource extraction and remain devastated have the potential to be transformed into renewable energy generation sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.40-49
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• 2009

Urban park facilities and services offer a number of opportunities to fulfill individual, social, economic, and environmental benefits. Urban parks, provided through political measures as public goods, require balanced distribution in order to ensure social equity. The primary objectives of this study are to analyze the accessibility of urban parks and to examine whether urban parks are distributed equitably. GIS and statistical methods were used to investigate correlations between accessibility to neighborhood parks and socioeconomic status. As results, percentage of low-income population within the city was negatively related to park accessibility. Low-income dominated residential area, such as Sujeong-gu and Jungwon-gu have large low-income communities and less park accessibility compared with Bundang-gu, which are dominated by high-income residents. So, results from this study indicate that urban parks are not distributed equitably within Seongnam city. Therefore, creative strategies to provide urban parks for areas in need through the utilization of vacant lots, abandoned sites, and schools sites are necessary. Furthermore, budgetary priorities should be set to create new parks and revitalizing parks within the city's older neighborhoods are also needed.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.194-198
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• 2001

Contaminated sites are often abandoned for an extended period of time, thus organopollutants becoming sequestered. The information on the initial concentrations of the contaminants would be helpful for the economic bioremediation of the chemicals. The present study estimated the initial concentrations of atrazine and phenanthrene through multiple regression analyses using soil properties and the amount of chemicals available in situ. Percentage mineralized or extracted was best correlated with organic C or logarithm of organic C, and the $R^2$ values were 0.548 and 0.894 for atrazine and phenanthrene, respectively. Estimation of the initial concentration of the chemicals was then calculated from both the percentage mineralized or extracted and the amount of chemicals extracted or mineralized. Results showed that the estimation of the initial concentration of the chemical at the time of contamination is feasible.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.318-322
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• 2004

Arsenic is a toxic and carcinogenic metalloid, whose sources in nature include mineral dissolution and volcanic eruption. Abandoned mines and hazardous waste disposal sites are another major source of arsenic contamination of soil and aquatic systems. To predict concentrations of the toxic inorganic arsenic in aqueous phase. the biogeochemical redox processes and transport behavior need to be studied together and be coupled in a reactive transport model. A new reaction module describing the fate and transport of inorganic arsenic species (As(II)), dissolved oxygen, nitrate, ferrous iron, sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon are developed and incorporated into the RT3D code.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.17-27
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• 2012

This study was performed to evaluate the spatial distribution of heavy metals using principal component analysis and Ordinary Kriging technique in the Gangwon Mine site. In the soils from the sub soil, the contents of Zn and Ni in the PC1 were gradually dispersed from south to north direction, while the components of Cd and Hg in the PC2 showed an increase significantly from middle-south area in the Gangwon Mine site. According to the cluster analysis, pollutant metals of As and Cu were presented a strong spatial autocorrelation structure in cluster D. The concentration of As was 0.83mg/kg and shown to increase from the south to north direction. The spatial distribution maps of the soil components using geostatistical method might be important in future soil remediation studies and help decision-makers assess the potential health risk affects of the abandoned mining sites.