• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.620-623
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• 2009

프레임 단위로 처리하는 카메라 영상 처리 기술에는 AWB, AE, AF 등이 있으며, AF는 고가의 초점제어 장치를 필요로 하기 때문에, AWB와 AE만이 모든 카메라에 기본적으로 탑재되는 핵심기능이다. ODM은 AWB나 AE 동작을 위해서 필요한 파라미터를 프레임 단위로 계산하는 하드웨어 모듈을 지칭한다. 본 논문에서는 R, G, B 평균값으로부터 밝기값을 연산하는 수식을 단순화하고, AE ODM과 AWB ODM을 통합하여, AE와 AWB에서 필요로 하는 모든 가산/제산 연산을 단 한 개의 가산기와 제산기를 이용하여 구현되는 ODM 구조를 제안한다. 제안한 ODM 구조 최소한의 연산자만을 사용하도록 구현되기 때문에, ISP를 내장하는 저가형 이미지 센서에 적합한 특성을 가진다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a novel way of combining color demosaicing and the auto white balance (AWB) method, which are important parts of image processing. Performance of the AWB is generally affected by demosaicing results because most AWB algorithms are performed posterior to color demosaicing. In order to increase the performance and efficiency of the AWB algorithm, the color constancy problem is considered during the color demosaicing step. Initial estimates of the directional luminance and chrominance values are defined for estimating edge direction and calculating the AWB gain. We propose a modified edge-based AWB method that used a pre-defined achromatic region. The estimation of edge direction is performed region adaptively by using the local statistics of the initial estimates of the luminance and chrominance information. The proposed method shows significant improvements in terms of visual and numerical criteria when compared to conventional methods.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.17-20
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• 2001

This paper has been studied a vedio camera system with AF (auto-focus), AE (auto exposure), AWB(auto-whitebalance). And then this paper has designed an advanced method to improve AF, AE and AWB video camera system

• 복합운송
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• s.146
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• pp.16-19
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• 2005

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.33
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• pp.425-447
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• 2013

Due to the popularity of digital cameras, there are lots of studies based on ISP(Image Signal Process) and the image correction applications which can easily use for users are being developed. Specially AWB(Automatic White Balance) and Auto exposure are the most interesting fields in ISP function, and they are well used to increase the quality of image. Principles of camera and lighting in 3D program are made based on real camera and lighting. But the functions of automatic exposure and AWB Which are operated in real camera don't work in 3D program. The color correction of images need expertise, it is true that the functions of compositing program are more difficult than the general correction way of digital image. Specially in case of students who studies animation at the university, they make the animation with compositing and rendering without color correction. Thus this research proposed 3D image making process which make to increase the quality of animation, even though the layman can easily correct the color using functions of digital image correction.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.383-389
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• 2016

This paper presents a novel automatic white balance (AWB) algorithm for consumer imaging devices. While existing AWB methods require reference white patches to correct color, the proposed method performs the AWB function using only an input image in two steps: i) white point detection, and ii) color constancy gain computation. Based on the dark channel prior assumption, a white point or region can be accurately extracted, because the intensity of a sufficiently bright achromatic region is higher than that of other regions in all color channels. In order to finally correct the color, the proposed method computes color constancy gain values based on the Y component in the XYZ color space. Experimental results show that the proposed method gives better color-corrected images than recent existing methods. Moreover, the proposed method is suitable for real-time implementation, since it does not need a frame memory for iterative optimization. As a result, it can be applied to various consumer imaging devices, including mobile phone cameras, compact digital cameras, and computational cameras with coded color.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.507-515
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose an image signal processor (ISP) for an ultra small HD-grade video sensor with 3A (AWB, AE, and AF) in camera phones that can process 720P/30fps videos. In order to enhance the video quality of the systems, it is necessary to achieve the high performance of the 3A. The proposed AWB algorithm multiplies the adjusted coefficients of color gains to the captured data of white objects. The proposed AE method adopts the index step moving based on the difference between an averaged Y luminance and a target luminance, together with IIR filters with variable time responses. The proposed AF technique controls the focus curve to find the lens position that maximizes the integrated high frequency components in luminance values by using highpass filters. Finally, we compare the image quality captured from our system to the quality of a commercial HD camcorder in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed ISP. The proposed ISP system is also fabricated with 0.18um CMOS flash memory process.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.177-183
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of neck patterns in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) for neck movement and the neck disability index (NDI) among adults with forward head posture. Methods: Thirty-nine subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. Subjects in the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise group (PNFG, n = 20) received 20 minutes of PNF neck pattern (flexion-Rt. lateral flexion-Rt. rotation followed by extension-Lt. lateral flexion-Lt. rotation) 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. Outcomes were measured using absolute rotation angle (ARA), anterior weight bearing (AWB), range of flexion and extension motions (RFEM), and neck disability index (NDI) methods before and after the 4-week intervention period. Results: There were significant effects for the PNFG, pre- and post-intervention, in ARA, AWB, RFEM, and NDI. There were significant differences in ARA, AWB, RFEM, and NDI compared with CG. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the PNF neck pattern could be beneficial for adults with forward head posture.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.555-562
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• 2007

In order to display Bayer input stream received from CMOS image sensor to the display device, image signal processing must be performed. That is, the hardware performing the image signal processing for Bayer data is called ISP(Image Signal Processor). We can see real image through ISP processing. ISP executes functionalities for gamma correction, interpolation, color space conversion, image effect, image scale, AWB, AE and AF. In this paper, we obtained the optimum algorithm through software verification of ISP module for CMOS camera image sensor and described using VHDL and verified in ModelSim6.0a simulator. Also we downloaded into Xilinx XCV-1000e for the designed ISP module and completed the board level verification using PCI interface.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.383-390
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• 2014

The multiplex PCR system including six microsatellites from Haliotis discus hannai, consisting of dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat units, is developed. The six loci were coamplified in a single reaction employing dye-labeled primers. Alleles from these loci were sized using an internal standard by automated sample processing in an ABI3100 Genetic Analyser. Amplified alleles in profiles containing selected microsatellites were typed clearly, providing easily interpretable results. In this results suggest that the presented multiplex PCR system may be a useful tool in a selective breeding program of H. discus hannai in which genetic identification will allow different genotypes to be reared together from fertilization. This should have a great impact as it will make selective breeding more efficient. Moreover, it will be useful in a variety of applications, including strain and hybrid identification, parentage assignment, pedigree reconstruction, estimating genetic diversity and/or inbreeding.