• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2014

We investigated the effect of preharvest spray of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on the fruit quality and incidence of physiological disorders during shelf-life of 'Hanareum' and 'Wonhwang' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai). AVG applications (0, 75, 150 and $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) made 30 days before anticipated harvest of respective cultivar. AVG did not influence the fruit development and quality parameters including starch content, soluble solids and acidity at harvest time in two pear cultivars although the flesh firmness of the fruits treated with $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ AVG were higher than that of control in 'Hanareum' pear. Among the three AVG concentrations, only $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ AVG showed effectiveness on maintaining flesh firmness in 'Hanareum' pear during shelf-life. Meanwhile, competitive high flesh firmness was attained in 'Wonhwang' pear treated with $150mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ AVG (27.7 N) and $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ AVG (28.2 N) when compared with untreated control (17.8 N) during 21 days of shelf-life at $25^{\circ}C$. AVG did not cause any significant difference at skin color development relative to control in two pear cultivars. AVG decreased ethylene production and respiration rate at $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ level in two pear cultivars during the entire shelf-life. During shelf-life, low incidence of physiological disorders including internal and core browning and mealiness were attained in the fruits treated at $300mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ AVG in two cultivars when we compared with the untreated control.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fruit quality, ethylene evoluoon and storage in apple 'Tsugaru' as influenced by aminoethoxyvinylglycine(AVG) and several surfactants. When treated with AVG+Silwet L-77, there were few significant differences in soluble solid and acidity as compared with control, but dichlorprop treatment significantly increased in soluble solid and decreased in acidity. Color development was decreased when treated with AVG+Silwet L-77. AVG+Silwet L-77 treatment decreased in ethylene evolution, and increased in storage. It can be concluded that fruit can be left in trees longer and still maintain storage, and more fruit is able to go to fresh market into long-term storage, which increase the market-ability of apple.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2020

Background: As the population of patients with end-stage renal disease has grown older, the proportion of patients with poorly preserved vasculature has concomitantly increased. Thus, arteriovenous grafts (AVG) have been used more frequently to access blood vessels for hemodialysis. Despite this increasing demand, studies of AVG are limited. In this study, we examined the surgical outcomes of upper-limb AVG creation. Methods: Among the arteriovenous fistula formation procedures performed between January 2014 and March 2019 at Dankook University Hospital, 42 cases involved AVG creation. We compared patients in whom the axillary vein was used (group A; brachioaxillary AVG [B-Ax AVG]; n=20) with those in whom upper limb veins were used (group B; brachiobasilic AVG or brachioantecubital AVG; n=22). Results: The 1-year primary patency rate was higher in group A than in group B (57.9% vs. 41.7%; p=0.262). The incidence of postoperative complications was not significantly different between groups. Conclusion: AVG using the axillary vein showed no major differences in safety or functionality compared to AVG using other veins. Therefore, accounting for age, underlying disease, and expected patient lifespan, B-Ax AVG can be considered an acceptable surgical method.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2014

This study was compared the variation system of body posture condition for stability by the posture. We used a model of bio parameter on the basis of the move state in the standing posture. We compared the sway movement derived from average of the physical sensing condition. Vision condition of variation average (Vi-${\sigma}_{AVG-AVG}$) was verified slightly greater at $13.746{\pm}4.05$ unit. Vestibular condition of variation average (Ve-${\sigma}_{AVG-AVG}$) was verified slightly larger at $7.829{\pm}1.071$ unit. Somatosensory condition of variation average (So-${\sigma}_{AVG-AVG}$) was verified slightly smaller at $2.592{\pm}0.538$ unit. CNS condition of variation average (C-${\sigma}_{AVG-AVG}$) was verified slightly larger at $0.46{\pm}0.105$ unit. The valuation system will be to deduce the model of body management with falling and stroke and all that sort of things. There will be to infer a data algorithm and the evaluation of processing system.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.20-24
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• 2014

To compare body signal, was designed the F-B function system on the body movement for the comfortable state. To detect subject of the normal state, was decided on the base of physical signal in the body movement. There are to detect the condition of Vision, Vestibular, Somatosensory and CNS. Vision condition was verified a variation of greater average (Vi-${\Phi}_{AVG-AVG}$) was presented slightly greater at $17.424{\pm}9.65$ unit. Vestibular condition was identified a variation of slightly greater average (Ve-${\Phi}_{AVG-AVG}$) was presented at $9.068{\pm}1.478$ unit. Somatosensory condition was checked a variation of smaller average (So-${\Phi}_{AVG-AVG}$) was presented slightly smaller at $2.79{\pm}0.419$ unit. CNS condition was confirmed a variation of diminutive smaller average (C-${\Phi}_{AVG-AVG}$) was presented slightly larger at $0.557{\pm}0.153$ unit. As the model depends on the F-B function system of body movement, average values of these perturbation were computed F-B function comparison data. These systems will be to infer a data algorithm and a data signal processing system for the evaluation of the stability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.702-708
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• 2016

Aloe vera has been used worldwide for pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to its wide biological activities. However, quality improvement of low fat meat products and their acceptability with added Aloe vera gel (AVG) is scanty. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of using fresh AVG on physicochemical, textural, sensory and nutritive qualities of goat meat nuggets. The products were prepared with 0%, 2.5%, and 5% fresh AVG replacing goat meat and were analyzed for proximate composition, physicochemical and textural properties, fatty acid profile and sensory parameters. Changes in lipid oxidation and microbial growth of nuggets were also evaluated over 9 days of refrigerated storage. The results showed that AVG significantly (p<0.05) decreased the pH value and protein content of meat emulsion and nuggets. Product yield was affected at 5% level of gel. Addition of AVG in the formulation significantly affected the values of texture profile analysis. The AVG reduced the lipid oxidation and microbial growth in nuggets during storage. Sensory panelists preferred nuggets with 2.5% AVG over nuggets with 5% AVG. Therefore, AVG up to 2.5% level could be used for quality improvement in goat meat nuggets without affecting its sensorial, textural and nutritive values.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.251-255
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the detrimental effects of decapping and emasculation on the postharvest quality and the vase life of cut Cymbidium flowers with or without 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatments. The vase life treated by 1-MCP 150 ppb for four hours regardless of decapping or emasculation was significantly prolonged 12 days more. Ethylene production in the treatment without 1-MCP began to be raised from 7days, 1-MCP treatments, regardless of the concentration of processing did not occur until 15days. Ethylene began to production when the lip began to coloration. Compared to the 1-MCP effect, the AVG treatment of 0.5 and 1mM for four hours prolonged the vase life about nine days more. Whereas, the only decapping or emasculation treatments were effective to more three days longer in the vase life of cut Cymbidium' Halleluiah' flowers. 1-MCP treatment was very beneficial for Cymbidium 'Halleluiah' cut flowers than AVG.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.792-796
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• 2000

The staking cultivation (SC) of oriental melon (Cucumis mela L. var. makuwa Mak.) produced more fruit yield than that of the conventional (creeping) growing. In the SC, preharvest fruit drop rate was high as 47.6% compared to 13.0% of the conventional cultivation. However, the foliar application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) at 2 weeks after flowering (20 days before harvest) greatly reduced fruit drops up to 10.9% without causing any effects on ripening and quality of fruits . The AVG application markedly suppressed ethylene production in harvested fruits.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.415-417
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• 2001

RED 알고리즘은 큐 avg가 threshold를 넘으면 일정한 확률로 패킷을 drop하여 congestion을 제어하는 알고리즘이다. RED 알고리즘은 큐 자신의 avg만을 고려하여 drop 확률을 결정한다. 하지만, VOQ를 사용하는 input queueing에서 같은 출력 단을 목적지로 하는 다른 큐들의 사이즈가 큐 내부에서의 delay에 영향을 미치기 때문에 그 큐들의 avg를 고려하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 RED 방법의 drop 확률 결정에서 같은 출력 단을 목적지로 하는 큐들의 avg 값을 고려하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안한 알고리즘을 구현하고, 성능을 기존의 RED 알고리즘과 비교한다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.217-228
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• 2009

Data analysis applications typically aggregate data across many dimensions looking for unusual patterns in data. Even though such applications are usually possible with standard structured query language (SQL) queries, the queries may become very complex. A complex query may result in many scans of the base table, leading to poor performance. Because online analytical processing (OLAP) queries are usually complex, it is desired to define a new operator for aggregation, called the data cube or simply cube. Data cube supports OLAP tasks like aggregation and sub-totals. Many aggregate functions can be used to construct a data cube. Those functions can be classified into three categories, the distributive, the algebraic, and the holistic. It has been thought that the distributive functions such as SUM, COUNT, MAX, and MIN can be used to construct a data cube, and also the algebraic function such as AVG can be used if the function is replaced to an intermediate function. It is believed that even though AVG is not distributive, but the intermediate function (SUM, COUNT) is distributive, and AVG can certainly be computed from (SUM, COUNT). In this paper, however, it is found that the intermediate function (SUM COUNT) cannot be applied to OLAP cubes, and consequently the function leads to erroneous conclusions and decisions. The objective of this study is to identify some problems in applying aggregate function AVG to OLAP cubes, and to design a process for solving these problems.