• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.61-65
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• 1999

The fluorescence properties and photoisomerization behavior of 1-(9-anthryl)-2-(n-quinolinyl)ethene (n-AQE, n=2-4) have been investigated in various solvents. t-3-AQE is strongly fluorescent, but does not accomplish photoisomerization, similar to parent hydrocarbon compound, t-1-(9-anthryl)-2-phenylethene (t-9-APE) or t-1-(9-anthryl)-2-(1-naphthyl)ethene (t-1-ANE). Fluorescence and photoisomerization oft-2-AQE and t-4-AQE are strongly affected by solvent polarity. Dependence of fluorescence quantum yield on the solvent polarity is moderate for t-2-AQE and large for t-4-AQE. In nonpolar solvent (in n-hexane), they exhibit relatively strong fluorescence, but do not isomerize to cis isomer on irradiation, even if inefficient isomerization is observed for t-4-AQE. However, as solvent polarity increases, their fluorescences become weak with efficient photoisomerization to corresponding cis isomer. Intramolecular charge-transfer excited state is presumed to contribute to photoisomerization. The S$_1$ decay parameters were found to be solvent-dependent due to the charge-transfer character of lowest S$_1$ state. In polar solvents, the activation barrier to twisting is reduced enhancing the isomerization of r-2-AQE and t-4-AQE in the singlet manifold.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.785-789
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• 1998

In this paper a new control approach of detecting load voltage is proposed. It can directly detect the as side harmonic voltage of a voltage source load for the series APE to do dynamic compensation for harmonic voltages. In addition, the control methods of PWM inverter and its dc side voltage are discussed. According to these, a prototype of the series APF is manufactured and corresponding experiment studies are done.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1147-1152
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• 2010

This paper reports a safe and environmentally-benign demilitarization method for the K305 35mm CS gas grenades launcher set(also known as E-8 launcher). The launcher system was disposed by a two-step process; complete recovery of the explosive cords and the gas grenades from the launcher followed by incineration of the recovered items in the APE-1236 Flashing Furnace. All of the 64 grenades within the 16 tubes of the E-8 launcher were safely recovered and incinerated. In this study, 32 sets of the launcher were used to make a standard operating procedure for the safe demilitarization of the launcher system and the 35mm CS cartridges were all safely destroyed in the experimental burning tests meeting the related environmental regulations.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 2011

Extended life expectancy and a decrease in fertility rates are dramatically increasing the number of seniors who will eventually need professional care assistance. Although there is no clear technical solution to this problem, recent advances in ubiquitous computing offer opportunities to assist elders in their residence, thus reducing the need for professional assistance in special facilities. There have been several studies, but current solutions tend to address specific issues and cannot be easily extended, updated, and customized to meet the complex and evolving requirements of eldercare assistance. This study aims to bridge this gap, and this paper presents a context-management framework, called awareness for pervasive environments (APE), that provides easily customizable support for the development of ubiquitous eldercare services and applications.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.5B
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• pp.512-521
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• 2003

In this paper, we introduce our experience of the design and implementation of mobile collaboration system(MCS) that support people using mobile devices to participate in cooperative session. There are considerable differences between desktop PC and mobile devices like PDA in processing ability, resolution of display and color degree. In the case of mobile devices, they use different processors and different operating system and they have even differences in ability of executing application. The mobile collaborative system based on T.120 protocol of ITU-T standard compromised of mobile collaboration server, mobile collaboration client, session node and application. We also define the session node in desktop PC in which session control block and communication block runs. This node provide functions of session control block and communication block to mobile collaboration clients and so lighten load of clients. The mobile collaboration server provides information of candidates for session node, session and user to mobile collaboration client. And this server support clients to configure their own session node and manage sessions. Only the mobile collaboration client module and applications including APE are executed in a mobile device when user using mobile devices would like to participate in cooperative session. We implemented mobile collaboration client and applications with JAVA to support platform independency.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 1993

Vertebrate retinal neurons, like brain tracts farm complex synaptic relations in the enter and inner plexiform layers which ape equivalent to the central nervous system nuclei. The effects of $\gamma-aminobutyric$ acid(GABA) and glycine on retinal neurons were explored to discern the mechanisms of action of neurotransmitters. Experiments were performed in the superfused retina-eyecup preparation of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, using intracellular electrophysiological techniques. The roles of GABA and glycine as inhibitory neurotransmitters are well established in the vertebrate retina. But, we found that the depolarizing action of GABA and glycine on third-order neurons in the catfish retina. GABA and glycine appeared to act on retinal ueurons based on the observations that (1) effects on photoreceptors were not observed, (2) horizontal cells were either hyperpolarized $({\sim}33%)$ or depolarized $({\sim}67%)$, (3) bipolar cells were all hyperpolarized (4) amacrine and ganglion cells were either hyperpolarized $({\sim}37%)$ or depolarized $({\sim}63%)$, (5) GABA and glycine may be working to suppress presynaptic inhibition. The results suggest that depolarization of third-order neurons by GABA and glycine is due to at least two mechanisms; a direct postsynaptic effect and an indirect effect. Therefore, in the catfish retina, a mechanism of presynaptic inhibition or disinhibition including the direct postsynaptic effect may exist in the third-order neurons.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2008

카드뮴은 환경과 인체 위해도에 큰 영향을 미치는 중요한 환경오염물질로 잘 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 토양선충인 Caenorhabditis elegans에 카드뮴을 12시간과 48시간으로 나누어 처리하여 시간에 따른 장, 단기적 독성영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이때 생리학적 수준으로 성장 및 생식을 조사하고, 분자수준에서 스트레스 관련 유전자들의 시간에 따른 발현 정도를 관찰하였다. 생식에서는 단기노출(12시간) 시 그 영향이 대조군에 비해 크게 나타났으며, mtl-2의 스트레스 관련 유전자가 증가하였다 장기 노출(48시간) 시에는 cyp35a2, ape-1, sod-1, ctl-2 유전자가 대조군에 비해 약 $2{\sim}4$배 가량의 발현 증가 결과를 조사할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과들을 통해 스트레스 관련 유전자의 발현을 조사하는 것이 중요하고 민감한 생체지표가 된다는 것과 토양선충 C. elegans는 환경중 오염물질에 대한 장기, 단기적 영향을 평가하기 위한 좋은 생물학적 모델이 된다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.83-86
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• 1998

The results from the Individual Plant Examination of External Event of Yonggwyang nuclear power plants, unit 3 & 4, in Korea have shown that the high degree of diversities of the experts' opinions on seismicity and attenuation models is su, pp.sed to be generic cause of uncertainty of APEs(annual exceedance probability) in the PAHA(probabilistic seismic hazard analysis). This study investigated the sensitivity of the focal depth, which is one of the most uncertain seismicity parameters in Korea, Significant differences in resultant values of annual exceedance probabilities and much more symmetrical shape of the resultant PDFs(probability density functions), in case of consideration of focal depth, are found. These two results suggest that, even for the same seismic input data set including the seismicity models and ground motion attenuation models, to consider focal depth additionally for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis evaluation makes significant influence on the distributions of uncertainties and probabilities of exceedance per year for the whole ranges of seismic hazard levels. These facts suggest that it is necessary to derive focal depth parameter more effectively from the historical and instrumental documents on earthquake phenomena in Koran Peninsula for the future study of PSHA.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

we evaluated the effects of joining process such as contact method. shape of joined area and pressure on the electrical and mechanical properties of Bi-2223 superconducting tape, Specifically. the current capacity of the jointed tape was measured as a function of uniaxial pressure. and the thermal shock, bonding strength and the thermal of the tape were evaluated and correlated to the microstructural evolution. It was observed that the current capacity was significanrly dependent on the uniaxial pressure The jointed tape, fabricated with a pressure of 1,000-1,600 Mpa. showed the highest value of current capacity results from improvements in core density, contacting area and grain alignment, ect. In addition, the strength of jointed tape was measured to be 86 Mpa, which is about 88% of the unjoined ape's strength. The irreversible strain($\varepsilon$irrev) for the jointed tape was measured to be 0.1%, smaller than that of unjoined tape ($\varepsilon$irrev= 0.3%). The decrease in the strength and irreversible strain for jointed tape is believed to be due to the irregular geometry/morphology of the transition area of the tape.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.33-41
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• 2011

To evaluate the value of a preserved tree as rural landscape resource, the growth environment and health condition was investigated, and the image evaluation was implemented on land~ape architectural major undergraduate students for zelkova trees in Yesan-gun. The image evaluation results of zelkova trees were as followings; 1) Typical image of preserved tree examined by Semantic Differential Scale were 'Old', 'Big', and 'Good'. 2) The 'big' image of zelkova tree and the height of tree, the width of tree crown, the breast girth of tree, the root girth of tree, the external formation of tree, and the health of tree bark is mutually related. Especially, the correlation between the 'big' and the external formation and the width of tree crown is high. 3) Typical image of preserved tree examined by Likert Scale were 'Natural', 'Green', 'Peaceful', and 'Rural'. 4) The preservation necessity for preserved tree was highly related with the state of ground, and the management necessity for preserved tree was highly related with contamination level and the state of ground. The appropriate management plan for preserved tree are proposed to improve the quality of rural landscape(basis of these results).