• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.11
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• pp.939-949
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• 2020

Currently, the demand for farmland is steadily decreasing due to changes in the agricultural environment and dietary life. In line with this, the government adopted an integrated water management with the enactment of the Framework Act on Water Management on June 2019. Therefore, it is required to take a closer look at agricultural water demand that accounts for 61% of water use for efficient water resources management. In this study, the overal process was evaluated for estimating agricultural water demand. More specifically, agricultural water demand for paddy field, which comprises 67% to 87% of agricultural water demand, was reviewed in detail. The biggest issue in estimating the paddy field water demand is the selection of the method for potential evapotranspiration. FAO recommends Penman-Monteith, but, currently, our criteria suggest a modified Penman equation that shows over estimation. Also, the crop coefficient, which is the main factor in evaluating evapotranspiration, has an issue that does not consider the current climate and crop varieties because it was developed 23 years ago. Comparing the Modified Penman and Penman-Monteith equations using the data from Jeonju National Weather Service, the modified Penman equation showed a big difference compared to the Penman-Monteith equation. When the crop coefficient was applied, the difference between late May and late August increased, where the amount of evapotranspiration was high. The estimation process was applied to four study reservoirs in Gimje. Comparing the estimated water demand with the supplied water record from reservoirs, the results showed that the estimation accuracy depends on not just the potential evapotranspiration, but also the standard water storing level in paddy fields.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.349-358
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• 2005

False sharing is a result of co-location of unrelated data in the same unit of memory coherency, and is one source of unnecessary overhead being of no help to keep the memory coherency in multiprocessor systems. Moreover. the damage caused by false sharing becomes large in proportion to the granularity of memory coherency. To reduce false sharing in a page-based DSM system, it is necessary to allocate unrelated data objects that have different access patterns into the separate shared pages. In this paper we propose call-site tracing-based shared memory allocator. shortly CSTallocator. CSTallocator expects that the data objects requested from the different call-sites may have different access patterns in the future. So CSTailocator places each data object requested from the different call-sites into the separate shared pages, and consequently data objects that have the same call-site are likely to get together into the same shared pages. We use execution-driven simulation of real parallel applications to evaluate the effectiveness of our CSTallocator. Our observations show that by using CSTallocator a considerable amount of false sharing misses can be additionally reduced in comparison with the existing techniques.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

Both researchers and practitioners are showing an increased interested in interactive exhibition services. Interactive exhibition services are designed to directly respond to visitor responses in real time, so as to fully engage visitors' interest and enhance their satisfaction. In order to install an effective interactive exhibition service, it is essential to adopt intelligent technologies that enable accurate estimation of a visitor's emotional state from responses to exhibited stimulus. Studies undertaken so far have attempted to estimate the human emotional state, most of them doing so by gauging either facial expressions or audio responses. However, the most recent research suggests that, a multimodal approach that uses people's multiple responses simultaneously may lead to better estimation. Given this context, we propose a new multimodal emotional state estimation model that uses various responses including facial expressions, gestures, and movements measured by the Microsoft Kinect Sensor. In order to effectively handle a large amount of sensory data, we propose to use stratified sampling-based MRA (multiple regression analysis) as our estimation method. To validate the usefulness of the proposed model, we collected 602,599 responses and emotional state data with 274 variables from 15 people. When we applied our model to the data set, we found that our model estimated the levels of valence and arousal in the 10~15% error range. Since our proposed model is simple and stable, we expect that it will be applied not only in intelligent exhibition services, but also in other areas such as e-learning and personalized advertising.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2006

Excavation by explosives blasting necessarily involves noise and vibration, which is highly prone to face claims on the environmental and structural aspects from the neighbors. When the blasting carried out in the vicinity of a structure, the effect of blasting vibration on the stability of the structure should be carefully evaluated. In the conventional method of evaluation, an equation for blast vibration is obtained from test blasting which is later used to determine the amount of charge. This method, however, has limitations in use since it does not consider topography and change in ground conditions. In order to overcome the limitations, dynamic numerical analysis is recently used in continuum or discontinuous models, where the topography and the ground conditions can be exactly implemented. In the numerical analysis for tunnels and rock slopes, it is very uncommon to simulate multi-hole blasting. A single-hole blasting pressure is estimated and the equivalent overall pressure at the excavation face is used. This approach based on an ideal case usually does not consider the ground conditions. And this consequently results in errors in calculation. In this presentation of a case study, a new approach of using blast waves obtained in the test blast is proposed. The approach was carried out in order to improve the accuracy in calculating blasting pressure. The stability of a structure in the vicinity of a slope blasting was examined using the newly proposed method.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.355-360
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• 2005

This study was carried out to research the use of tar colors in children's favorite foods such as candies, soft drinks, chewing gums, cereals, and ice bars in order to acquire basic data on food safety. The tar colors were simultaneously analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The contents of tar colors in candies, soft drinks, gums, cereals, and ice bars were maximum 74.10 mg/100 g, 5.96 mg/100 g, 35.70 mg/100 g, 20.10 mg/100 g, and 4.93 mg/100 g, respectively. In addition, every tar colors except for Indigo carmine (B2) and Fast Green FCF (G3) among permitted tar colors were used in foods and more than two kinds of tar colors were used in most cases. From the results, only types of tar colors for foods were regulated, but the amount was not regulated.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.395-400
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• 2019

Contemporary society, the era of the 4th industrial revolution, has been enjoying a boom in the cosmetics industry due to the launch of cosmetics through new technology development due to the interest in the beauty industry. However, the cosmetics industry is booming, but dry eye syndrome, skin trouble, Hormonal disturbances, and many other side effects. In order to prove the universal use value of pine needles as a natural cosmetic material that can complement the side effects of existing chemical ingredients cosmetics harmful to human body, and to propose a roll model of desirable natural cosmetics, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS assay, and flavonoid content were studied. The results showed that both the DPPH radical and ABTS radical scavenging activity increased in both the $70^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ pine water hot water extracts. The extracts from the pine tree extracts at $70^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ showed $32.0{\pm}2.5mg\;QE/ml$ and 116.8 A total flavonoid of ${\pm}5.5mg\;QE/ml$ was detected. Therefore, it is considered that the pine needle hydrothermal extract having a large amount of antioxidant which is advantageous to human body is highly applicable as a natural cosmetic material harmless to the human body.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.761-770
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• 2021

In this study, the optimal medium composition for enhancing protease production was established by the Bacillus strain isolated from Makgeolli, a traditional fermented food, using the response surface methodology. B. amyloliquefaciens SRCM115785 was selected as the protease producer by productivity analysis and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was introduced to analyze the effect of each component on protease production among the 11 selected medium components. As a result, glucose, yeast extract, and beef extract were finally selected as factors for enhancing protease production. Central composite design (CCD) analysis was designed as a method to determine the optimal concentration of each component for protease production and the concentration of each medium composition for maximum protease production was predicted to glucose 6.75 g/l, yeast extract 12.42 g/l and beef extract 17.48 g/l. The suitability of the experimental model was proved using ANOVA analysis and as a result of quantitative analysis to prove this, the amount of increase was 230.47% compared to the LB medium used as a control. Through this study, the optimization of medium composition for enhancing protease production was established, and based on this, it is expected that it can be efficient use of protease as an industrial enzyme.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.72
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• pp.165-203
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• 2022

Many people create records in digital space, and the amount of digital records left after individual dies has increased. The digital record left by the deceased is different from the record heritage that has physical substances. In many cases, the records of the deceased not just belong to the deceased, and many deceased did not explicitly disclose their online accounts and method of dispose of digital records during their lifetime, so this problem may lead to problems of inheritance to the bereaved family. In addition, digital records may be neglected or deleted after a person's death due to software problems, specific platform's terms of use, account deletion by bereaved family, etc. This leads to the problem that daily records, which are important clues to the social aspects at the time, are easily lost. Several studies have revealed that individuals are interested in preserving their digital records, but do not know how to do it, so they are benign neglect. For this reason, it is necessary to pay attention to personal digital records and personal digital legacy, and to prepare related policies and plans. Accordingly, this study analyzes problems related to the management of digital records after an individual's death, related to laws and systems, the status and policies of platforms and industries, the status of personal record management, etc. Various solutions were suggested, such as a need for enactment for digital personal record management act, platform's explicit policy for individual's post-mortem records, digital records management plan for archival institutions, individual's a preemptive management plan for his/her own records, and a method for writing a will related to digital account information.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.787-792
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• 2022

In winter, the excessive use of deicing salt deteriorates concrete pavement durability. To reduce the amount of deicing salt used, phase-change materials (PCMs) potentially offer an alternative way to melt snow through their latent heat storage characteristics. In this research, thermal energy storage concrete was developed by using PCM-impregnated expanded clay as 50 % replacement to normal aggregate by volume. In addition, to improve the thermal efficiency of PCM lightweight aggregate (PCM-LWA)-incorporated concrete, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were incorporated in proportions of 0.10 %, 0.15 %, and 0.20 % by binder weight. Compressive strength testing and programmed thermal cycling were performed to evaluate the mechanical and thermal responses of the PCM-LWA concrete. Results showed a significant strength reduction of 54 % due to the PCM-LWA; however, the thermal performance of the PCM-LWA concrete was greatly improved with the addition of MWCNTs. Thermal test results showed that 0.10 % MWCNT-incorporated concrete had high thermal fatigue resistance as well as uniform heat flow, whereas specimens with 0.15 % and 0.20 % MWCNT content had a reduced thermal response due to supercooling when the ambient temperature was varied between -5℃ and 10℃.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.257-270
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• 2022

In this paper, we design a smart factory risk improvement system and risk improvement method using AI edge devices. The smart factory risk improvement system collects, analyzes, prevents, and promptly responds to the worker's work performance process in the smart factory using AI edge devices, and can reduce the risk that may occur during work with improving the defect rate when workers perfom jobs. In particular, based on worker image information, worker biometric information, equipment operation information, and quality information of manufactured products, it is possible to set an abnormal risk condition, and it is possible to improve the risk so that the work is efficient and for the accurate performance. In addition, all data collected from cameras and IoT sensors inside the smart factory are processed by the AI edge device instead of all data being sent to the cloud, and only necessary data can be transmitted to the cloud, so the processing speed is fast and it has the advantage that security problems are low. Additionally, the use of AI edge devices has the advantage of reducing of data communication costs and the costs of data transmission bandwidth acquisition due to decrease of the amount of data transmission to the cloud.