• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.545-559
• /
• 1998

Magnoliae cortex has been used as a drug for treatment of fractures in Chinese medicine and safflower(Carthamus tinctorius $Linn{\acute{e}}$) has been traditionally used for treatment of blood stasis. The purpose of present study was to examine the biologic effects of magnoliae cortex extract and safflower extract mixture(MSM) on human periodontal ligament cells and fetal rat calvarial osteoblasts and on healing of rat calvarial defects. The ethanolic extracts of magnoliae cortex(MCE), safflower seed(SSE), Zea May L(ZML) were prepared as positive control group. MSM mixed to the ratios of 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 were used as test group. The effects of each agents on the growth and survival, ALPase activity, cell proliferation and tissue regenerative effect of each extracts was evaluated by histomorphometric measuring of newly formed bone on the 8 mm defect in rat calvaria after oral administration of 2 ratio groups(1 : 5 and 1 : 10) at 3 different doses (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5g/kg per day). MSM stimulated the growth and survival rate of osteoblasts and PDL cells more than any other agents. The growth and survival rate were increased as the proportion of safflower seed extract was increased. MCE, SSE, ZML stimulated the ALPase activity of osteoblast and PDL cell in comparison to the negative control group. But all groups of MSM regardless of ratio of safflower seed extract stimulated the ALPase activity than any other agent. The ALPase activity was also increased as the proportion of safflower seed extract was increased. Although MCE, SSE, ZML stimulated the proliferation of osteoblasts. 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 ratio MSM showed significant increase in stimulation of proliferation of osteoblasts. No agent significantly increased proliferation of PDL cells. Significant new bone formation were seen where 1 : 5 ratio, 0.5g/kg group and 1 : 10 ratio, 0.25, 0.5g/kg groups were used. These results show that magnoliae cortex extract and safflower seed extract mixture can potentially increase bone regeneration ability.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.79-89
• /
• 2003

치주질환은 세균감염에 의해 치조골이 파괴되는 염증성질환으로서 치아상실의 주된 원인이다. Treponema denticola는 성인성 치주염의 병소에서 자주 발견되는 세균으로서 부착능 및 단백분해효소생성능과 같은 독성 인자가 밝혀져 치주조직 파괴에 있어서 중요성이 강조되어 왔다. 골개조는 조골세포의 골형성및 파골세포에 의한 골흡수의 균형에 의하여 유지되며 치주염시 야기되는 치조골파괴는 조골세포 및 파골세포 기능의 불균형에 의하여 야기되는 것으로 설명되고 있다. 골세포에 대한 영향으로서 T. denticola는 파골세포의 형성을 촉진시키는 것으로 보고되었으나 조골세포에 대한 영향은 아직 밝혀져 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 T. denticola가 골형성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 마우스의 두개골세포로부터 조골세포를 분리한 후 T. denticola분쇄액으로 처리하여 본 세균이 조골세포의 alkaline phosphatase(ALPase) 활성, 석회화결절 형성 및 Prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$ 생성에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. ALPase활성은 p-nitrophenylphosphate분해능, 석회화결절형성은 Von Kossa 염색법, 그리고 PGE2의 농도는 효소면역측정법으로 측정하였다. T. denticola분쇄액 (2.5 ug/ml)은 마우스 두개골세포의 ALPase활성을 억제하였으며 석회화결절의 형성을 감소시켰다. 또한 동일한 농도의 균분쇄액은 마우스 두개골세포의 $PGE_2$ 생산을 증가시켰다. 균분쇄액과 prostaglandin의 합성억제제인 indomethacin으로 세포를 동시에 처리한 경우 T .denticola분쇄액에 의한 $PGE_2$의 생산은 감소되었으나, ALPase의 활성억제에는 변화가 없었다. 균분쇄액을 열처리하여 마우스 두개골세포에 처리하였을 때에도 ALPase의 활성이 억제되는 것에는 변함이 없었다. 이러한 결과는 T. denticola의 구성성분 중 열에 안정한 물질이 prostaglandin과 무관한 경로를 통해 조골세포의 분화를 억제함을 시사하며 이와 같은 T. denticola에 의한 골형성억제가 치주염시 야기되는 치조골 파괴에 관여할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 1985

본 연구는, catabolic repression시킨 효모세포를 완전배지와 최소배지에서 derepression시켜, 배양시기 및 인산 첨가농도(free, limited, sufficient)에 따른 5종의 다당류 합성변화를 조사하였다. 그리고 다당류 합성과 무기폴리인산 축적량 및 인지질 합성 사이의 상관지수를 구하여 합성시 관련되는 유의한 정도를 검정하였다. 그 결과, 최소배지에서 catabolic derepression시킨 효모세포가, 완전배지에서 derepression시킨 세포에 비하여, glycogen의 합성이 발리 그리고 많이 일어났고, acid soluble glycogen type이 주된 함량을 나타내었으며, alkali soluble glycogen은 당이 많이 소모된 24시간 배양 후에 소량 나타났다. 무기인산 첨가정도에 따라 total glycogen합성이 일정한 비율로 빨리 그리고 높게 일어났다. Glucan의 합성에는 ALPase 중 ALPase "C"가 관련할 것으로 추정되었다. Mannan은 ezponential phase초기와 정체기때, acid soluble 분획은 정체기때 최대함량을 나타내었다. Mannan 합성과 poly-P "C"축적량 사이의 상관지수는 0.866, mannan합성과 인지질 사이의 상관지수는 0.726으로 나타나 매우 유의하였다.

• 한국양식학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.233-239
• /
• 2003

부화 직후부터 변태를 완료하는 58일째까지 찰가자미 자어에서 소화효소들의 활성과 성장이 조사되었다. 자어들은 먹이를 공급하지 않는 조건과 충분히 공급하는 두 가지 조건에서 사육되었고 일정한 간격으로 성장과 함께 acid phosphatase(ACPase), alkaline phosphatase (ALPase)의 비활성 및 trypsin-like enzyme과 pepsin-like enzyme의 활성 변화를 파악하였다. 절식구에서 전장의 성장은 부화 후 7일까지 빠르게 증가하였으나, 이후부터는 거의 변화가 없었고 먹이 공급구의 경우 부화시 5.13$\pm$0.18mm였던 것이 58일 후 13.43$\pm$1.40mm로 성장하였다. 절식구의 개체 당 건조 체중은 부화 직후부터 기아로 사망이 발생한 12일째까지 시간이 경과할수록 감소하였다. 먹이 공급구의 경우 난황이 흡수될 때까지는 감소하였지만, 부화 후 20일째부터 빠르게 증가하기 시작하였다. ACPase와 ALPase 비활성은 절식구의 경우 실험을 종료할 때까지 증가하였으나, 먹이공급구는 부화 후 20일까지 증가한 후 실험을 마칠 때까지 서서히 감소하였으며 두 실험구 사이에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 절식구의 trypsin-like enzyme 활성은 부화 후 3일부터 증가하여 6일째에 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었으나 난황을 완전히 흡수한 이후부터는 활성이 거의 검출되지 않았다. 먹이 공급구의 경우 부화 후 3일부터 난황을 완전히 흡수할 때까지 빠르게 증가하였고,20일째 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. Trypsin-like enzyme 활성은 부화 후 8일부터 먹이공급구가 절식구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. Pepsin-like enzyme 활성은 두 실험구 모두에서 부화 초기에는 증가하였으나, 절식구에서는 실험종료 시까지 감소하였고, 먹이 공급구는 부화 후 10일째 높은 활성을 나타낸 후 일시적으로 감소하지만 부화 후 20일째 다시 높은 활성을 나타낸 후 실험 종료 시까지 서서히 감소하였다. Pepsin-like enzyme 활성은 8일째와 10일째 절식구가 먹이공급구보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과들을 종합해보면 ACPase, ALPase의 비활성 및 trypsin-like enzyme과 pepsin-like enzyme치 활성은 자어의 성장이나 형태 발달과 깊은 연관이 있었다. 그리고 trypsin-like enzyme과 pepsin-like enzyme의 활성은 자어의 발달 단계, 성장 및 먹이 공급 등에 영향을 받기 때문에 자어의 건강이나 성장 상태를 나타낼 수 있는 간접적인 지표로써 이용 할 수 있겠다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.89-102
• /
• 1996

The goal of periodontal therapy is to regenerate the loss of periodontal attachment appratus. Current theories suggest the cells of the periodontium have the capacity, when appropriately triggered, to actively participate in restoring connective tissues, including mineralized tissues. This study was performed to define the hard tissue regeneration effect of periodontal ligament(PDL) cells in vitro and the effect of rate of the composition in gingival fibroblasts(GF) on the hard tissue regeneration capacity of PDL cells. For this study, Cell growth rate, alkaline phosphatase(Al.Pase) levels and the ability to produce mineralized nodules in co-culture of PDL cells and GF were examined. The results were as follows : 1. At 7 and 15 days, Cell growth of co-culture of PDL and GF(50 : 50) was greater than that of PDL cells or GF alone(P>0.05). 2. Measurements of ALPase levels indicated that PDL cells had significantly higher activity when compared with that of co-culture groups and GF only(p<0.05). And, ALPase activity in 10 days was higher than that of 7 days(P>0.05) 3. The tendency of formation of the mineralized nodule were observed dose-depend pattern of PDL cells. There was statistically significant difference among group 1(PDL 100%), 2(PDL 70% : GF 30%), and 3(PDL 50% : GF 50%)(P<0.01). But, there was no difference among group 3, 4(PDL 30% GF 70%), and 5(GF 100%). 4. Also, the number of nodule was greater in co-culture of PDL 70% and GF 30% than in culture of PDL 70%(P<0.05) From the above results, it is assumed that the co-culture of PDL cells and GF stimulates the cell growth, which is not that of PDL cells but GF. And, the activity of ALPase depends on the ratio of PDL cells, and ALPase may relate to the initial phase of nodule formation. Also, it is thought that the calcified nodule formation principally depends on PDL cells, is inhibited by GF, and affected by cell density.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.90-100
• /
• 1985

The present study was designed to investigate cellular regulation of phosphate metabolism between catabolically repressed and derepressed states in yeast (Saccharomyces uvarum). The activities of various phospatases and the contents of phosphate compounds were detected according to the culture phase and various phosphate concentrations. As the results, Saccharomyces uvarum derepressed many phosphate metabolizing enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and ATPase more than ten fold simultaneously during catabolic repression (phospgate and sugar starvation). At the same state, the amounts of orthophosphate, nucleotidic labile phosphate and acid soluble polypgosphate were increased, compared to basal levels of normally cultivated cells. $Mg^{++}-stimulated$ type among all phospatases was appeared to have most of the enzyme activity. It could be postulated that $K^+ -stimulated$ alkaline phosphatase was directly or indirectly correlated with the synthesis of acid insoluble polyphosphate $Mg^{++}-stimulated$ phosphatase with the degradation of polyphosphates. In case of cultivation in the medium supplemented with sugar and phosphate (catabolic derepression), phospgatase activities except for alkaline phosphatase were decreased rapidly through the progressive batch culture, After 12 hrs culture, at early exponential phase, the cellular accumulation of acid insoluble polyphosphate increased about 5 fold, compared to those of the starved cells. Under catabolic repression, it could be postulated that intracellular phosphate metabolism was regulated by derepressions of phosphatases. The function of polyphosphate system was shown to compensate the ATP/ADP system as phosphate donor and energy source especially during catabolic repression.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.38-46
• /
• 2004

Few studies have conducted the bone health benefits of usual dietary isoflavone intake in Korean college-student women. To elucidate this benefitial effects and correlations between dietary isoflavone and nutrients intake and bone formation marker (ALPase, osteocalcin), questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, serum mineral (Ca, P, Mg) concentrations were analyzed. Fifty three subjects were used in this study. The average age, height, body weight, BMI, body fat content and triceps skinfold thickness were 21.43 year, 161.07 cm, 52.81 kg, 20.48 kg/$m^2$, 20.72% and 17.59 mm respectively. Soy food intake frequencies were soybean > soybean curd > soypaste stew > soybean milk. The average calorie, protein and Ca intake were 1766.21 $\pm62.54 kcal\;66.45\pm2.00 g\;and\; 549.62 \pm 27.55 mg$ respectively. Serum ALPase activity and osteocalcin concentration were 115.74$\pm3.6u/L$ and 7.15 ng/$m\\ell$ respectively. Usual dietary isoflavone intake was positively related to calory, protein, Ca, P intake and serum Ca, Mg concentration. Serum osteocalcin concentration was negatively correlated with isoflavone intake ($r^2$=0.28, p < 0.05). In these results, usual dietary isoflavone can support an additive effect to bone health and Ca nutrition.

• 구강회복응용과학지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.261-270
• /
• 2006

The success of an implant is determined by its integration into the tissue surrounding the biomaterial. Surface roughness is considered to influence the behavior of adherent cells. The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of surface roughness on Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells. Titanium disks, blasted with $75{\mu}m$ aluminum oxide particles and anodic oxidized and machined titanium disks were prepared. Saos-2 were plated on the disks at a density of 50,000 cells per well in 48-well dishes. After 1 hour, 1 day, 6 days cell numbers were counted. One day, 6 days after plating, alkaline phosphatase(ALPase) activity was determined. Compared to experimental groups, the number of cells was significantly higher on control group. The stimulatory effect of surface roughness on ALPase was more pronounced on the experimental groups than on control group. These results demonstrate that surface roughness alters proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. The results also suggest that implant surface roughness may play a role in determining phenotypic expression of cells.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.839-850
• /
• 2005

The success of an implant is determined by its integration into the tissue surrounding the biomaterial. Surface roughness is considered to influence the behavior of adherent cells. The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of surface roughness on Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells. Titanium disks blasted with 75 ${/mu}m$ aluminum oxide particles and machined titanium disks were prepared. Saos-2 were plated on the disks at a density of 50,000 cells per well in 48-well dishes. After 1 hour, 1 day, 6 days cell numbers were counted. One day, 6 days after plating, alkaline phosphatase(ALPase) activity was determined. Compared to experimental group, the number of cells was significantly higher on control group. The stimulatory effect of surface roughness on ALPase was more pronounced on the experimental group than on control group. These results demonstrate that surface roughness alters proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. The results also suggest that implant surface roughness may play a role in determining phenotypic expression of cells.

• 자연과학논문집
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 1999

효모세포의 원형질체 최적형성을 위한 stabilizer의 종류 및 농도, pH 그리고 lysis 방법을 조사하는 한편, intact cell과 protoplast사이의 효소활성도 및 poly-P 생합성율을 비교하였다. 그 결과 protoplast 형성에 있어 snail gut enzyme은 5시간, drisielase는 3시간 정도의 incubation 시간이 필요했으며, stabilizer로는 0.8 M mannitol, 6 M KCl이 좋았다. Protoplast는 intact cell에 비해 ALPase 활성은 22-27%, ACPase는 4-15% 정도 감소하였으며, poly-P 형성은 protoplast에서 유의한 증가가 일어나지 않았다.