• Journal of English Language & Literature
• /
• v.55 no.2
• /
• pp.259-292
• /
• 2009

When AIDS evolved into a narrative, there were lots of mythologies on AIDS. Among them, the one that AIDS is a gay plague was accepted without any special rejection. Now AIDS is no longer a gay-related disease. At the beginning of the epidemic, however, AIDS was said to be a gay plague and gays were blamed for their life styles. Although AIDS was new, it had been in the mind of people. That is, the truths about AIDS were distorted and misunderstood. The social aspects of AIDS were based not on real scientific facts but on the prejudice and the practices which heterosexual society had invented for homosexuals. Here the AIDS crisis is said to be politicized. The socio-political responses to AIDS were effected by the dominance of Reaganism. So this paper investigates the effects of AIDS on the gay community and the reactions of the Reagan administration through analyzing ten American AIDS plays. Four issues are discussed to develop the paper's main idea: the meaning of AIDS, the past to be remembered, the new family system, and the indifference of President Reagan and the silence of media. AIDS means death; the relation between homosexuality and AIDS cannot be separated. Under these social circumstances AIDS becomes a symbol for moral corruption and the person with AIDS is thought to be punished. But a gay person can overcome the fear of death through regaining promiscuous sex and confirming his identity as a gay. Also to survive in the heterosexual society a gay has to make a new family system. Finally the indifference of the Reagan administration and the virtual silence of the media make the crisis more serious. In the conclusion homosexuals are compared to the Jewish people and the responsibility of gay community is also discussed. The important thing is that facing the AIDS crisis, the gay community has spiritually grown up.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.47-58
• /
• 2022

In recent years, navigation aids, which plays as sea traffic lights, have been digitized, and are developing beyond simple sign purpose to provide various functions such as marine information collection, supervision, control, etc. For example, Busan Port which is located in South Korea is leading the application of the advanced technologies by installing cameras on buoys and recording video images to supervise maritime accidents. However, there are difficulties to perform their major functions since the advanced technologies require long-term battery operation and also management and maintenance of them are hampered by marine characteristics. This study proposes a system that can automatically notify maritime objects passing around buoys by analyzing image information. In the existing sensor-based accident prevention systems, the alarms are generated by a collision detection sensor. The system can identify the cause of the accident whilst even though it is difficult not possible to fundamentally prevent the accidents. Therefore, in order to overcome these limitations, the proposed a maritime object detection system is based on marine characteristics. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed system shows about 5 times faster processing speed than other existing algorithms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 1997.10a
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 1997

China has integrated maritime safety system which positively and effectively ensures safe navigation and environmental protection. This paper gives brief account on maritime safety rules and regulations, adminstrations and management mechanism, navigation aids and facilities, maritime communication and GMDSS etc. China is a developing country with fast economical growth. With a long coastline of 18,000 kilometers, and 5,000 more islands, China has a fairly developed shipping industry. China also sits in IMO Council as A member. In China , there are over 200 ports with an annual hadnling capacity of over 10,000 tons of cargo ; there are over 4,000 coasters and ocean-going ships with more than 3 million seafarers of which 1/3 being officers ; there are an aggregate gross tonnage 17 million gt for merchant ships. China ranks No.5 shipping country in the world as shown by Lloyd's Maritime Information Services Ltd. 1995. The Chinese shipping industry plays an important role in both domestic transportation and foreign trade. The Chinese government always attaches great importance to maritime safety . Since 1949, and from the adoption of reform-opening policy, China has gradually formed an integrated maritime safety system.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 2014

Korean government sets up a goal that jumps up to the third ranked powerful nation of offshore wind in the world until 2020 and announced "The plan for 2.5-gigawatt wind farm off the south-west coast by 2019". Such above, according to green energy policy, offshore wind farms(OWF) will be increased continuously. The development of OWF should be taken account of wind volume as well as marine traffic environment. Specially aids to navigation of OWF play a significant role in preventing collision between vessels navigating near waters and structures. For purpose of distinguishing OWF, IALA recommendations define installation of lights on SPS and IPS. However, there is no mention of light character that plays important role in identification of lights as marking offshore wind farm. Also the research on selection of proper light character has been insufficient state. Therefore in this paper, we analyzed internal and external regulations concerned marking with light on SPS and IPS in OWF. And suggested patterns and rhythms of light having not only easily recognized feature but also no confusion with other light of aids to navigation. The proposed light characters were verified by simulation, and the results were analysed that synchronism flickering of "Fl Y(4) 12s(SPS)" and "Fl Y 6s(IPS)" would be useful in combination of both lights.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.209-213
• /
• 2015

Influenza A virus (H1N1) causes and spreads infectious diseases and becomes a major health threat in humans. Among the subtypes of influenza virus, neuraminidase (NA) plays an important role in viral life cycle and becomes an attractive therapeutic target. Currently two NA inhibitors namely Zanamivir and Oseltamivir are available for treating infectious diseases. Recently five naturally derived polyphenols extracted from Phellinus baumii was reported as inhibitors against NA. Molecular docking is powerful tool in computer aided drug designing which aids in exploring and elucidating the properties of the molecules from their 3D structure. Hence, in the present study, molecular docking was carried out on reported polyphenols isolated from ethanolic extract of fruiting bodies of Phellinus baumii. The objective of this work was to study the interaction and to propose the binding mode of these compounds within the binding site of H1N1 neuraminidase. The results showed these compounds had better binding energy and H-bond interactions with the important active site residues of the receptor which authenticate these compounds contributes to inhibitory activity of neuraminidase to treat influenza infection.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.10
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 2017

We developed a portable card reader for the visually impaired. In South Korea, there is insufficient development of lifestyle aids for people with disabilities. Living aids for people with disabilities are being developed using information technology, smart phones, Internet of Things(IoT) devices, 3D printers, and so on. Blind people were interviewed, which showed that the card recognition function using a currently developed smart phone app was not able to recognize the screen of the smart phone by the hand of the visually impaired, and it was inconvenient to operate. In recent years, devices that enable the visually impaired to recognize cards have been studied in foreign countries and are emerging prototypes. But what is currently available is expensive and inconvenient. In addition, visually impaired people are most vulnerable to low-income families, which makes it difficult to purchase and use expensive devices. In this study, we developed a card reader that recognizes a card using a Raspberry Pi, which is an open-source hardware that can be applied to IoT. The card reader plays it by voice and vibration, and the visually impaired can use it at a low price.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.56 no.2
• /
• pp.237-259
• /
• 2004

The public assistance scheme plays more important role in income maintenance for poor elders than the public pension does due to insufficient coverage of the public pension resulted from late introduction of it in Korea. However, only limited numbers of poor elders are financially protected by the public assistance contrary to the general perception that the elderly population most benefits from public aids. Based on data set of 2000 from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study, this study analysed the size, composition and characteristics of poor elders excluded from the public assistance, and determinants of the elderly's participation in it. Findings of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) More than half of poor elders are excluded from the public assistance although their economic status is similar with that of recipients, which may cause income reversal between recipients and non-recipients. (2) It was identified that non-recipient poor elders especially those with same income level of recipients of the National Livelihood Guarantees(NLG) are actually in desperate need of public aids considering their serious financial conditions. (3) Participation in public assistance among the elderly is more affected by socio-demographic factors that reflect family conditions than by economic factors, which is mostly caused by the strict eligibility criteria of the public assistance that reinforces family duty of financial support for elderly relatives in Korea. Policy implications for more effective income security for poor elders include revising inappropriate eligibility criteria of the NLG concerning family obligations, expanding the coverage of the old age allowance for poor elders to near-poor elders, and providing work opportunities to non-recipient poor elders to supplement their income deficit.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.62
• /
• pp.255-276
• /
• 2020

The mandatory police system, which plays a pivotal role in securing security and securing social safety as a security assistant, is expected to face difficulties in supplying the mandatory police manpower and securing absolute police manpower in the future according to the Ministry of Defense's abolition of the conversion service system. In this situation, this study intends to provide a concrete plan to replace the mandatory police officers as security assistants, recruiting contractors from civilians who are not military service resources or regular police officers, and using them for security assistance. More ultimately, this study goes beyond securing obligatory police to reduce or abolish mandatory police, which has been dealt with in previous studies. It aims to present the rescue and operation directions so that the police can provide quality public security services. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, this study 1) analyzes the current situation of police personnel, derives the necessity and justification of securing the police personnel or increasing the number of police personnel due to changes in security demand and security environment, and 2) After discussing the necessity and direction of reorganization, 3) deriving policy implications through analysis of foreign cases operating similar systems to derive specific plans for the introduction of security contractors for private contract workers in Korea. This study reviewed the specific operation plan and legal and institutional maintenance plan of private contract workers. In order to achieve these research objectives, this study 1) analyzes the current status of the police manpower and derives the necessity and justification of securing an absolute police manpower or increasing the manpower of the police in response to changes in security demand and security environment, and the current security aid system. 2) After discussing the necessity and orientation of reorganization of exinsting system of assistant police officer, 3) derive policy implications through analysis of foreign cases utilizing security aids similar to Korea, and 4) The specific operation plan and legal and institutional maintenance plan were presented. including security aids for private contract workers in Korea, from recruitment procedures to activities.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.30 no.6 s.83
• /
• pp.677-685
• /
• 2000

Anchorage plays an important role in orthodontic treatment. Because of limited anchorage Potential and acceptance problems of intra- or extraoral anchorage aids, endosseous implants have been suggested and used. However, clinicians have hesitated to use endosseous implants as orthodontic anchorage because of limited implantation space, high cost, and long waiting period for osseointegration. Titanium miniscrews and microscrews were introduced as orthodontic anchorage due to their many advantages such as ease of insertion and removal, low cost, immediate loading, and their ability to be placed in any area of the alveolar bone. In this study, a skeletal Class II Patient was treated with sliding mechanics using M.I.A.(micro-implant anchorage). The maxillary micro-implants provide anchorage for retraction of the upper anterior teeth. The mandibular micro-implants induced uprighting and intrusion of the lower molars. The upward and forward movement of the chin followed. This resulted in an increase of the SNB angle, and a decrease of the ANB angle. The micro-implants remained firm and stable throughout treatment. This new approach to the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion has the following characteristics . Independent of Patient cooperation. . Shorter treatment time due to the simultaneous retraction of the six anterior teeth . Early change of facial Profile motivating greater cooperation from patients These results indicate that the M.I.A. can be used as anchorage for orthodontic treatment. The use of M.I.A. with sliding mechanics in the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion increases the treatment simplicity and efficiency.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.123-148
• /
• 2012

Deforestation and forest degradation in Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) accelerated from the mid 1980s through the economic crisis in 1990s and is still happening. DPRK has conducted afforestation and reforestation activities against this trend. However there are not many official documents on achievement of forest rehabilitation in DPRK. "Rodong Shinmun," as an official newspaper published by North Korean Workers Party, represents governmental policies and is one of a few accessible information on DPRK which is available in Republic of Korea (ROK). This paper aims to investigate the national forest policies of the DPRK represented in Rodong Shinmun. Total of 499 articles using the word 'Sanlim (forest)' and 'Rimsan (forest product)' in the title of articles were selected for content analysis. The national forest plans and forest policy instruments contained in the selected articles were analyzed. The subjects of represented forest policies were classified into four groups; forestation, forest management, land management and forest protection or conservation. The focus of forest policy was changed from economic utilization of forest resources such as timber production in the 1990s to forest protection in the 2000s. Rodong Shinmun reported more frequently about regulatory instruments and informational instruments than the economic instruments. Official commendation and awards were the main incentives given to the people who contributed to forestry achievements. In particular, forest policies were emphasized by Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il and afforestation and forest protection were described as patriotic activities in the Rodong Shinmun. In conclusion, this research revealed that Rodong Shinmun plays a role as a means for introducing, propagating and instigating forest policies in the society of the DPRK. The findings help to understand the forest policies of the DPRK which could be useful when designing development aids for DPRK.