• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.35-43
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• 2023

This study tried to find out the applicability and effectiveness of the AI-based adaptive learning system in university classes by operating an AI-based adaptive learning system on a pilot basis. To this end, an AI-based adaptive learning system was applied to analyze the operation results of 42 learners who participated in basic mathematics classes, and a survey and in-depth interviews were conducted with students and professors. As a result of the study, the use of an AI-based customized learning system improved students' academic achievement. Both instructors and learners seem to contribute to improving learning performance in basic concept learning, and through this, the AI-based adaptive learning system is expected to be an effective way to enhance self-directed learning and strengthen knowledge through concept learning. It is expected to be used as basic data related to the introduction and application of basic science subjects for AI-based adaptive learning systems. In the future, we suggest a strategy study on how to use the analyzed data and to verify the effect of linking the learning process and analyzed data provided to students in AI-based customized learning to face-to-face classes.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.249-263
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of assessment by adopting adaptive learning in higher education that are rarely examined in previous studies. In particular, this study applied research questions: 1) How does technical perception, perceived contents and features, and perceived integration of the AI-based adaptive system with lecture affect overall satisfaction, overall effectiveness, overall usefulness, overall motivation for the study, and intention to use it with other classes? 2) How do overall satisfaction, overall effectiveness, overall usefulness, motivation for the class, and intention to use affect loyalty on the AI-based adaptive system? This study conducted online surveys after the completion of the classes adopted AI-based adaptive learning system, ALEKS. This study applied ANOVA, regression, and factor analyses. The results of this study found that perceived integration of the AI-based adaptive learning system with the lectures on overall satisfaction, effectiveness, motivation, and intention to use for other classes showed significant with higher effect size. The results of this study provides implication that the AI-based learning system help improve learning outcomes in graduate level studies. The results provide policy and managerial implications that the AI-based adaptive learning system should improve better customer relationships in higher education.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.39-48
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• 2021

This study aimed to analyze the level of professors' understanding and perception of adaptive learning and proposed how college can implement successful adaptive learning in college classes. For research purposes, online survey was conducted by 162 professors of A university in capital region. As a result, professors seemed to feel pressure to provide students personalized feedback and gave concerned that students don't study enough in advance before participating in class. It was also found that professors realized that they have low level of understanding about adaptive learning, while they revealed intention to make use of adaptive learning in their class. They also answered that adaptive learning system is the most helpful support for encouraging professors to apply adaptive learning in real class. We proposed what is required to encourage professor to implement adaptive learning in their class.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.240-243
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• 2021

Recently, there have been research results of applying Big data and AI technologies to the evaluation and individual learning for education. It is information technology innovations that collect dynamic and complex data, including student personal records, physiological data, learning logs and activities, learning outcomes and outcomes from social media, MOOCs, intelligent tutoring systems, LMSs, sensors, and mobile devices. In addition, e-learning was generated a large amount of learning data in the COVID-19 environment. It is expected that learning analysis and AI technology will be applied to extract meaningful patterns and discover knowledge from this data. On the learner's perspective, it is necessary to identify student learning and emotional behavior patterns and profiles, improve evaluation and evaluation methods, predict individual student learning outcomes or dropout, and research on adaptive systems for personalized support. This study aims to contribute to research in the field of education by researching and classifying machine learning technologies used in anomaly detection and recommendation systems for educational data.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.233-260
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• 2020

The main purpose to introduce model based controller in proposed control technique is to provide better and fast learning of the floating dynamics by means of fuzzy logic controller and also cancelling effect of nonlinear terms of the system. An iterative adaptive dynamic programming algorithm is proposed to deal with the optimal trajectory-tracking control problems for autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). The optimal tracking control problem is converted into an optimal regulation problem by system transformation. Then the optimal regulation problem is solved by the policy iteration adaptive dynamic programming algorithm. Finally, simulation example is given to show the performance of the iterative adaptive dynamic programming algorithm.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.332-340
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• 2022

Recently, with the development of deep learning and artificial neural network technologies, research on the application of neural network has been actively conducted in the field of video coding. In particular, deep learning-based intra prediction is being studied as a way to overcome the performance limitations of the existing intra prediction techniques. This paper presents a method of context-adaptive neural network-based intra prediction model training and its coding performance analysis. In other words, in this paper, we implement and train a known intra prediction model based on convolutional neural network (CNN) that predicts a current block using contextual information from reference blocks. Then, we integrate the trained model into HM16.19 as an additional intra prediction mode and evaluate the coding performance of the trained model. Experimental results show that the trained model gives 0.28% BD-rate bit saving over HEVC in All Intra (AI) coding mode. In addition, the coding performance change of training considering block partition is also presented.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.249-263
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• 2023

Collaborative Filtering, a representative recommendation system methodology, consists of two approaches: neighbor methods and latent factor models. Among these, the latent factor model using matrix factorization decomposes the user-item interaction matrix into two lower-dimensional rectangular matrices, predicting the item's rating through the product of these matrices. Due to the factor vectors inferred from rating patterns capturing user and item characteristics, this method is superior in scalability, accuracy, and flexibility compared to neighbor-based methods. However, it has a fundamental drawback: the need to reflect the diversity of preferences of different individuals for items with no ratings. This limitation leads to repetitive and inaccurate recommendations. The Adaptive Deep Latent Factor Model (ADLFM) was developed to address this issue. This model adaptively learns the preferences for each item by using the item description, which provides a detailed summary and explanation of the item. ADLFM takes in item description as input, calculates latent vectors of the user and item, and presents a method that can reflect personal diversity using an attention score. However, due to the requirement of a dataset that includes item descriptions, the domain that can apply ADLFM is limited, resulting in generalization limitations. This study proposes a Generalized Adaptive Deep Latent Factor Recommendation Model, G-ADLFRM, to improve the limitations of ADLFM. Firstly, we use item ID, commonly used in recommendation systems, as input instead of the item description. Additionally, we apply improved deep learning model structures such as Self-Attention, Multi-head Attention, and Multi-Conv1D. We conducted experiments on various datasets with input and model structure changes. The results showed that when only the input was changed, MAE increased slightly compared to ADLFM due to accompanying information loss, resulting in decreased recommendation performance. However, the average learning speed per epoch significantly improved as the amount of information to be processed decreased. When both the input and the model structure were changed, the best-performing Multi-Conv1d structure showed similar performance to ADLFM, sufficiently counteracting the information loss caused by the input change. We conclude that G-ADLFRM is a new, lightweight, and generalizable model that maintains the performance of the existing ADLFM while enabling fast learning and inference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

For optimal image quality of computer tomography angiography (CTA), different iodine concentrations and scan parameters were applied to quantitatively evaluate the image quality characteristics of filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid-iterative reconstruction (hybrid-IR), and deep learning reconstruction (DLR). A 320-row-detector CT scanner scanned a phantom with various iodine concentrations (1.2, 2.9, 4.9, 6.9, 10.4, 14.3, 18.4, and 25.9 mg/mL) located at the edge of a cylindrical water phantom with a diameter of 19 cm. Data obtained using each reconstruction technique was analyzed through noise, coefficient of variation (COV), and root mean square error (RMSE). As the iodine concentration increased, the CT number value increased, but the noise change did not show any special characteristics. COV decreased with increasing iodine concentration for FBP, adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) 3D, and advanced intelligent clear-IQ engine (AiCE) at various tube voltages and tube currents. In addition, when the iodine concentration was low, there was a slight difference in COV between the reconstitution techniques, but there was little difference as the iodine concentration increased. AiCE showed the characteristic that RMSE decreased as the iodine concentration increased but rather increased after a specific concentration (4.9 mg/mL). Therefore, the user will have to consider the characteristics of scan parameters such as tube current and tube voltage as well as iodine concentration according to the reconstruction technique for optimal CTA image acquisition.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.307-319
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• 2023

This study aims to explain the key concepts and principles of text-based generative artificial intelligence (AI) that has been receiving increasing interest and utilization, focusing on its application in science education. It also highlights the potential and limitations of utilizing generative AI in science education, providing insights for its implementation and research aspects. Recent advancements in generative AI, predominantly based on transformer models consisting of encoders and decoders, have shown remarkable progress through optimization of reinforcement learning and reward models using human feedback, as well as understanding context. Particularly, it can perform various functions such as writing, summarizing, keyword extraction, evaluation, and feedback based on the ability to understand various user questions and intents. It also offers practical utility in diagnosing learners and structuring educational content based on provided examples by educators. However, it is necessary to examine the concerns regarding the limitations of generative AI, including the potential for conveying inaccurate facts or knowledge, bias resulting from overconfidence, and uncertainties regarding its impact on user attitudes or emotions. Moreover, the responses provided by generative AI are probabilistic based on response data from many individuals, which raises concerns about limiting insightful and innovative thinking that may offer different perspectives or ideas. In light of these considerations, this study provides practical suggestions for the positive utilization of AI in science education.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.143-148
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• 2024

Traffic congestion has caused issues in various forms such as the environment and economy. Recently, an intelligent transport system (ITS) using artificial intelligence (AI) has been focused so as to alleviate the traffic congestion problem. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning-based traffic signal control algorithm that can smooth the flow of traffic while reducing discomfort levels of drivers and pedestrians. By applying the proposed algorithm, it was confirmed that the discomfort levels of drivers and pedestrians can be significantly reduced compared to the existing fixed signal control system, and that the performance gap increases as the number of roads at the intersection increases.