• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.155-159
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the general characteristics and viability of sperm after freezing and thawing and the pregnancy rates after artificial insemination with thawed semen. The rates of viable sperm after slow and rapid freezing were 87.4±3.85% and 70.8±4.45%, respectively which were significantly lower than that of fresh semen control (91.7±3.45%). The mean concentration of epididymal sperm after dilution in 1.0 ml saline and. 3.0 ml extender in a various concentrations of cryoprotectants was 124.5±48.3 x 10/sup 6/ (range of 45 x 10/sup 6/ to 280 X 10/sup 6/ /ml). There was a significant difference not in the percentage of acrosome-reacted sperm, but in the percentage of capacitated sperm, between fresh and frozen-thawed epididymal semen. When frozen-thawed after diluting with tris-buffer extender containing glycerol, DMSO and ethylene glycol with concentration of 2 to 6%, the rates of epididymal sperm exposed to different cryoprotectants ranged from 14.4±4.7% to 20.7±5.8%, 17.8±5.2% to 36.5±4.9%, and 14.4±4.6% to 18.5±5.3%, respectively which were lower compare to fresh semen control. The pregnancy rate after artificial insemination with frozen semen was 70.6%, whereas that with fresh semen was 90.0% in dogs with naturally induced estrus.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09b
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• pp.951-951
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• 2005

The characteristics of Boussinesq starting forced plumes were investigated in this study. Two distinct periods in the transient plume penetration were identified, namely the Period of Flow Development (PFD) and Period of Developed Flow (PDF). PFD refers to the time period whereby the penetration rate is governed by the complex vortex dynamics initiated by the exit conditions that can include vortex coalescence, vortex leapfrogging, pinching off of the head vortex from the trailing stem and the eventual reconnection. The pinch-off and reconnection leads to an overshoot of the plume front which is a common observation reported in previous studies. The penetration rate in PDF is more predictable and depends on the continuous feeding of buoyancy and momentum into the head vortex by the trailing buoyant-jet stem. Similarity solutions are developed for PDF to describe the temporal variation of the penetration rate, by incorporating the behavior of an isolated buoyant vortex ring and recent laboratory results on the trailing buoyant jet. In particular, the variations of velocity ratios between the head vortex and trailing buoyant jet are analytically computed. To verify the similarity solutions, experiments were conducted on vertical starting forced plumes using planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF).

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.223-250
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• 2019

Purpose As the 4th Industrial Revolution proceeded, attempts to direct and utilize information technology such as robots and drones in plays have been active. Information technology, such as AI or media art, which is applied in the production of theater productions, shapes the possibility of expressing the difficulty of actors, the effectiveness of dramatic effects, and the illusion. Despite the inconsistent effects of information technology on theatrical studies, little has been done despite the fact that the research on what factors affect the audience's satisfaction through the play. Hence, The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the characteristics of information technology and theater, especially audience's revisit intention. Design/methodology/approach The research model combining the theory of task-technology fit and the experience-economic model is presented. Findings The results of the empirical analysis suggest that the fit of information technology and theatrical task enriches the audience's experience and has a beneficial effect on the dissemination and export of contents management of art management in terms of revisit as a consumer and production of theatrical performing arts. This leads to the conclusion that task-technical fit and experiential economy could be applied to the field of performing arts in theater. It may also give useful implications to related producers such as producers, directors, and actors.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of personal, family, and job characteristics on married male postal delivery workers' overall life satisfaction. For this purpose, we surveyed 263 married male postal delivery workers between October 1st to 21st, 2008, and analyzed the data with multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows: First, postal workers earned a low level of income, and their quality of health was not good relative to their age. They had severe work-family conflict, but could support and communicate with colleagues well. Second, even though they felt little opportunities and difficulties in lives, they moderately satisfied with everyday lives. Third, 43% of their satisfaction was explained by personal, family, and job related variables. Levels of workfamily conflict (${\beta}=-.31^{***}$), work support with colleagues (${\beta}=.25^{***}$), family sharing time (${\beta}=.14^*$), and health (${\beta}=.12^*$) were especially important variables affecting their satisfaction.

• 연구논문집
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• s.27
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• pp.201-208
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• 1997

To improve the joining characteristics of metallic converter substrate for exhaust gas cleaning, high temperature brazing process has been studied. In this study, the effect of chemical composition of brazing filler metal on the oxidation behavior of brazed joints was investigated closely. Brazing was carried out at $1200^\circC$ in vacuum furnace using nickel-based filler metals : BNi-5 powder(Ni-Cr-Si base alloy) and MBF-50 foil(Ni-Cr-Si-B). The MBF-50 containing 1-1.5 wt%B showed relatively poor oxidation resistance of the brazed joints compared to BNi-5, because of the faster invasion of oxygen through the Kirkendal voids along the interface of mother alloy/filler metal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.05b
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• pp.331-334
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• 2000

The organic electroluminescent(EL) device has gathered much interest because of its large potential in materials and simple device fabrication. We fabricated EL devices which have a blended single emitting layer containg poly(Nvinylcarbazole)[PVK] and poly(3-dodecylthiophene)[P3DoDT]. The molar ratio between P3DoDT and PVK changed with 1:0, 2:1 and 1:1. To improve the external quantum efficiency of EL devices, we applied insulating layer, LiF layer between polymer emitting layer and AI electrode. All of the devices emit orange-red light and it's can be explained that the energy transfer occurs from PVK to P3DoDT. Within the molar ratio 1:0, 2:1 and 1:1, the energy transfer was not saturated, which results in the not appearance of PVK emission in the blue region. In the voltage-current and voltage-light power characteristics of devices applied LiF layer, current and light power drastically increased with increasing with applied voltage. In the consequence of the result, the light power of the device have a molar ratio 1:1 with LiF layer was about 10 times larger than that of the device without PVK at 6V.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1483-1486
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• 2012

Objective: To determine the characteristics of oligoclonal bands that are frequently detected by serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) after stem cell transplantation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 56 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing transplantation, and standard immunofixation electrophoresis was used to identify and quantify paraproteins. Results: The median follow-up was 35 months (range, 10-76months) and 21 patients relapsed. Twelve (25.0%) demonstrated oligoclonal bands after a median time 1.4 months (range, 1-3months), with a median duration of 5.8 months (range, 1-15months). The majority patients with oligoclonal bands had normal quantities of immunoglobulins and the one year event free survival (EFS) was 92%, even higher than for patients without OBs (P=0.002). Conclusion: Oligoclonal bands frequent develop post-transplantation in MM cases. In the vast majority of patients, they may not represent relapsed disease, and more likely represent a transient phenomenon representing recovery of impaired immunoglobulin production.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.319-325
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• 1991

Aluminum phosphate gel was synthesized by reacting aluminum sulfate as a soluble aluminum salt to tribasic sodium phosphate in this study. The optimal synthesis conditions based on the yield of product were investigated by applying Box-Wilson experimental design. It was found that optimal synthesis conditions were as follows: Reaction temperature; $61~71^{\circ}C$, concentration of two reactants; 12.27~13.83%, concentration ratio of two reactants; [AI$_{2}$(SO$_{4}$)$_{3}$]/[Na$_{3}$PO$_{4}$]= 0.5, reaction time; 10.9~12.1 minutes, drying temperature of product; $60~72^{\circ}C$. Aluminum phosphate gel prepared by the optimal synthesis conditions was suspended with four types of natural and synthetic gums at the concentration of 0.375~1.5wv%. Their Theological properties of aluminum phosphate gels were examined with Haake-Rotovisco RV 20 rotational viscometer. It showed that the higher concentration of suspending agents and lower temperature, the higher viscosity. Aluminum phosphate gel suspended by pectin and agar showed plastic flow with rheopexy, and their gels suspended by sodium alginate and sod. CMC showed plastic flow with thixotropy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.61-64
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the chemical characteristics of $PM^{10}$ at Anmyeon-do during the periods from January 1998 to December 2001. The $PM^{10}$ samples ($PM^{10}$) were collected by High Volume Air sampler (HVAS). The measured items were mass concentration of $PM^{10}$ with the major ions ($Cl^{-}$, ${SO_{4}}^{2-}$, ${NO_3}^{-}$, ${Mg}^{2+}$, ${Ca}^{2+}$, ${K}^{+}$etc.) and metallic elements (AI, Fe, Mn, Cr, Zn, Pb etc.). The chemical analysis of major ion components were made by Ion Chromatography (DX-500) and that of metallic elements were made by Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer (ICP-AES, ICP-Mass). The average mass concentration of $PM^{10}$ increased substantially during the heavy dust periods (Asian Dust cases). For water-soluble ions, concentrations of ${Ca}^{2+}$, ${SO_{4}}^{2-}$ and ${NO_3}^{-}$ were remarkably enhanced. Concentrations and mass fraction of crustal elements such as Na, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn were highly elevated, but those of pollution-derived heavy metals were appreciably decreased. The factor analysis was conducted in order to make the large and diverse data set as manageable levels and to qualitatively examine the relationship between the variables.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.123-126
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• 2003

Recently, there is a growing concern on the photovoltaic effects using organic materials. This is a phenomena which converts the solar energy into the electrical one. We have fabricated a device structure of $ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CuPc/C_{60}/BCP/AI$. The PEDOT:PSS layer is made by spin coating, and the other organic layers are made by thermal vapor deposition. By measuring the current-voltage characteristics with an illumination of light, we have obtained value of Voc=0.38V, Jsc=$0.5mA/cm^{2}$. And a fill factor and efficiency are about 0.314 and 0.083%, respectively. A 500W xenon lamp(ORIEL) is used for a light source, and the light intensity illuminated into the device was about 10mW.