• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권5_1호
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• pp.793-806
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• 2020

이 연구에서는 중규모 기상모델인 WRF의 행성경계층 모수화 방안에 따른 PBLH의 정확도를 평가하기 위해 PBL 모수화 방안 가운데 YSU(Yonsei University), MYJ(Mellor-Yamada-Janjic), ACM2(Asymmetric Convective Model), BouLac(Bougeault-Lacarrere) PBL 방안을 대상으로 사례 기간(2014년 6월 26일~30일)에 대해 수치 실험을 수행하였다. 이동형 차량탑재 라이다 시스템(LIVE)으로 생산된 후방산란 신호를 이용하여 산출한 PBLH와 WRF의 PBL 방안별 예측장에서 산출된 PBLH를 상호 비교 분석하였다. 대체적으로 비국지 방안을 사용한 실험이 국지 방안을 사용한 경우보다 라이다 관측에 대해 더 높은 상관도를 나타냈다. 낮 시간에 대한 PBLH 차이의 표준 편차는 YSU(≈0.39 km), BouLac(≈0.45 km), ACM2(≈0.47 km), MYJ(≈0.53 km) PBL 방안 순으로 작은 값을 보였다. 사례 기간에 대한 RMSE 비교에서는 YSU PBL 방안이 가장 높은 정밀도를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 차량에 탑재된 기상라이다는 여러 기상 조건하에서 수치모델 행성경계층 분석을 위한 가이던스(guidance)를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.255-265
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• 2009

This study was investigated nutrient intakes and dietary evaluation index of the healthy subjects over 85 of Sunchang County to explore the improved dietary pattern for healthy aging of the elderly. The survey was conducted by personal interview to 161 elderly subjects (59 males and 102 females over 85) in 2006, and their daily dietary intake was assessed by 24-hr recalls and weighing one meal. The daily energy intakes of males were 1,335 ${\pm}$ 67 kcal, and those of females were 1,095 ${\pm}$ 38 kcal comprised of 66.8% and 68.4% of the EER for the age group of 75. The proportions of energy from carbohydrate : protein : lipid were 70.7 : 14.6 : 14.6 for males and 68.6 : 14.0 : 17.4 for females. The average protein intakes were 95.4% for males and 85.0% for females of RI, and the average calcium intakes were 54.3% for males and 43.6% for females of RI. The daily vitamin intakes were below 70% except vitamin A, vitamin $B_6$, and vitamin E. The proportion of the relative risk groups of protein, phosphate, iron and vitamin A ranged 40-49% of RI over 75 year groups. The other nutrient intakes showed that there were over 50% risk groups. Especially for nutrients such as calcium, vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin C, folate and niacin over 70% of the subjects were under risk. The median value of all nutrient intakes did not reach AI. The INQ of nutrients were over 0.8 except for folate and vitamin C. Calcium intakes were relatively low and needed attention. However, the ratio of calcium and phosphate showed 1 : 1.6, which appeared to be superior to the other districts. The DVS were higher as the dietary balance scores, KDDS were higher, and the groups with high KDDS had high intakes of nutrients compared to the groups with low KDDS. The high risk groups as judged by simple nutrition screening test had lower nutrient intakes than the groups of middle risk or low risk groups. The subjects in Sunchang area had relatively low intakes of several nutrients. However, judging from the desirable patterns of the energy proportion from three major nutrients, ratio of calcium and phosphate and INQ of nutrients there is a possibility that extended healthy aging might be related to the quality of nutrients and relative ratio between nutrients. To improve nutrient status of the elderly of the surveyed area further application involving KDDS and DVS appeared to be required.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1006-1015
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 항균제로 광범위하게 사용되는 triclosan (TCS)의 광분해시, 광분해 효율을 결정하는 OH 라디칼의 기여도를 조사하였다. TCS의 광분해 반응은 365 nm에서 모든 광세기 조건과 254 nm에서 낮은 광세기 조건들에서, 반응 초기 약 5분에서의 분해양상은 유사일차 속도반응 모델을 따르고 있었다. 또한 TCS의 광분해시 메탄올을 $H_2O$ 대신에 용매로 사용하였을 경우 OH 라디칼의 저해작용에 의하여 TCS 분해속도가 감소되었다. TCS의 광분해 속도는 파장이 감소하고, 광세기가 증가함에 따라 유의한 증가를 보였다. TCS의 광분해시 254 nm에서는 $5.77{\times}10^{-5}$ einstein $L^{-1}min^{-1}$이상의 광세기와, 365 nm에서는 $1.56{\times}10^{-4}$ einstein $L^{-1}min^{-1}$ 보다 낮은 광세기 조건에서 photon의 기여도가 증가함을 보였다. 또한 photon의 기여도가 큰 광세기 조건들에서의 TCS에 의해 이용된 quantum yield는 254 nm보다 365 nm에서 높은 효율을 보였다. TCS의 중간부산물로서는 dibenzodichloro-p-dioxin (DCDD)와 dibenzo-p-dioxin가 365 nm하의 $1.37{\times}10^{-4}$과 $1.56{\times}10^{-4}$ einstein $L^{-1}min^{-1}$의 광세기 조건에서 모두 검출되었다. Dichloro-phenol과 phenol 역시 광반응의 부산물로서 모든 실험에서 발견되었다. 실험 결과를 토대로 TCS의 광분해 메커니즘을 제안하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.30.1-30.11
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• 2019

Marine natural products isolated from the sponge Fascaplysinopsis cf reticulata, in French Polynesia, were investigated as an alternative to antibiotics to control pathogens in aquaculture. The overuse of antibiotics in aquaculture is largely considered to be an environmental pollution, because it supports the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes within the aquatic environment. One environmentally friendly alternative to antibiotics is the use of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs). Quorum sensing (QS) is a regulatory mechanism in bacteria which control virulence factors through the secretion of autoinducers (AIs), such as acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) in gram-negative bacteria. Vibrio harveyi QS is controlled through three parallel pathways: HAI-1, AI-2, and CAI-1. Bioassay-guided purification of F. cf reticulata extract was conducted on two bacterial species, i.e., Tenacibaculum maritimum and V. harveyi for antibiotic and QS inhibition bioactivities. Toxicity bioassay of fractions was also evaluated on the freshwater fish Poecilia reticulata and the marine fish Acanthurus triostegus. Cyclohexanic and dichloromethane fractions of F. cf reticulata exhibited QS inhibition on V. harveyi and antibiotic bioactivities on V. harveyi and T. maritimum, respectively. Palauolide (1) and fascaplysin (2) were purified as major molecules from the cyclohexanic and dichloromethane fractions, respectively. Palauolide inhibited QS of V. harveyi through HAI-1 QS pathway at 50 ㎍ ml^-1 (26 μM), while fascaplysin affected the bacterial growth of V. harveyi (50 ㎍ ml^-1) and T. maritimum (0.25 ㎍). The toxicity of fascaplysin-enriched fraction (FEF) was evaluated and exhibited a toxic effect against fish at 50 ㎍ ml^-1. This study demonstrated for the first time the QSI potential of palauolide (1). Future research may assess the toxicity of both the cyclohexanic fraction of the sponge and palauolide (1) on fish, to confirm their potential as alternative to antibiotics in fish farming.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2527-2532
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• 2012

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to explore mechanisms underlying the effects of down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression on esophageal carcinoma (EC) cells. Methods: Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry and annexin V apoptosis assay, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine changes in ultrastructure, while expression of cyclin D1 protein and mRNA was detected by western blot and real-time PCR. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1-2 were evaluated by Western blot analysis. PCNA labeling index (LI) was determined by immunocytochemistry. Results: Compared with pGen-3-con transfected and Eca-109 cells, the percentage of G0/G1-phase pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells was obviously increased (P<0.05), with no significant difference among the three groups with regard to apoptosis (P>0.05). pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells exhibited obvious decrease in cyclin D1 mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05) and the ultrastructure of Eca-109 cells underwent a significant change after being transfected with pGen-3-CTNNB1, suggesting that down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression can promote the differentiation and maturation. The expression of PCNA and the ERKI/2 phosphorylation state were also down-regulated in pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells (P<0.05). At the same time, the PCNA labeling index was decreased accordingly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Inhibition of EC Eca-109 cellproliferation by down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression could improve cell ultrastructure by mediating blockade in G0/G1 through inhibiting cyclin D1, PCNA and the MAPK pathway (p-ERK1/2).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1471-1475
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• 2014

Background: The epidemiological patterns of cancer incidence have been investigated widely in western countries. Nevertheless, information is quite limited in Jiangxi province, southern China. Materials and Methods: All data were reported by 6 population-based cancer registries in Jiangxi Province. The results were presented as incidence rates of cases by site (ICD-10), sex, crude rate (CR), age-standardized rates (ASRs) and truncated incidence rate (TR) per 100,000 person-years, using the direct method of standardization to the world population. Results: 8,765 new cancer cases were registered in our study during the period 2009-2011. Diagnosis of cancer was based on histopathology in 61.0%, clinical or radiology findings in 4.87% and death certificate only (DCO) in 3.0% of the cases. The median age at diagnosis was 62.0 years (mean, 61; standard deviation, 15). The ASRs were 170.8 per 100,000 for men and 111.2 for women. The ASRs for all invasive cancers from the urban areas (145.7 per 100,000) was higher than that of rural areas (137.1). Incidence rates for lung cancer were higher in rural (35.8) than in urban areas (27.0). Similarly, relatively high rates were observed for stomach cancer in rural (20.1) relative to urban areas (15.5). Conclusions: Our results reveal that the most common cancers were breast and lung in women and lung and liver in men. Interestingly, this study suggested a higher incidence rates for lung and stomach cancer in rural males than in urban population, which may suggest other potential causes, such as over-consumption of smoked meats and high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, respectively. Public education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles should be actively carried out.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.331-337
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• 2006

청국장 분말이 고지방식이를 섭취한 흰쥐의 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자, 성숙한 암쥐에 4주간 고지방식이(0.1% 콜레스테롤, 10% 지방)로 고지혈증을 유도한 후 대조군 (고지방식이), 청국장군 (고지방식이에 단백질원으로 청국장 분말을 첨가한 식이) 및 신령버섯 청국장군 (고지방식이에 단백질원으로 신령버섯 청국장 분말을 첨가한 식이) 등 3군으로 나누어 8주간 사육한 결과는 다음과 같다. 실험동물의 체중변화는 대조군은 16.1 g증가에 비하여 청국장군 및 신령버섯 청국장군은 각 1.0 g 및 5.9 g 증가로 유의하게 감소되었고, 식이섭취량 및 식이효율도 대조군에 비하여 청국장군들이 감소되었다. 자궁주위 지방의 무게 및 간조직의 콜레스테롤과 중성지질 농도는 대조군에 비하여 청국장군 및 신령버섯 청국장군이 유의하게 감소되었다. 혈청의 중성지질. 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤 농도 및 동맥경화지수는 대조군에 비해 청국장군 및 신려버섯 청국장군이 유의하게 감소되었고, 총 콜레스테롤에 대한 HDL-콜레스테롤의 비율은 대조군에 비해 청국장군들이 유의하게 증가되었다. 변의 무게, 수분함량 및 총 지질 배설량은 청국장군들이 대조군 보다 유의하게 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 혈청 단백질 및 혈당 농도는 청국장 및 신령버섯 청국장 섭취에 의한 영향은 나타나지 않았으나, 혈색소 농도는 청국장군들이 증가되는 것으로 나타타났다. 이상의 결과로 보아 고지방식이에 청국장 및 신령버섯 청국장 분말 첨가 섭취시 흰쥐의 체중 감소와 혈청과 간조직의 중성지질, 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-콜레스테롤 농도 및 동맥경화지수를 낮추고, 총 콜레스테롤에 대한 HDL-콜레스테롤의 비율이 증가되어 지질대사의 개선 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2017

We described 4 human infection cases of zoonotic fish-tapeworm, Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense, identified with morphological and molecular characters and briefly reviewed Chinese cases in consideration of it as an emerging parasitic disease in China. The scolex and mature and gravid proglottids of some cases were seen, a rosette-shaped uterus was observed in the middle of the mature and gravid proglottids, and the diphyllobothriid eggs were yellowish-brown in color and displayed a small knob or abopercular protuberance on the opposite end of a lid-like opening. The average size of the eggs was recorded as $62-67{\times}42-45{\mu}m$. The parasitic materials gathered from 4 human cases were morphologically identified as belonging to the genera Diphyllobothrium and Adenocephalus. The phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene of the etiologic agents confirmed that the 4 cases were D. nihonkaiense infection. The finding of 4 additional D. nihonkaiense cases suggests that D. nihonkaiense might be a major causative species of human diphyllobothriasis in China. A combined morphological and molecular analysis is the main method to confirm D. nihonkaiense infection.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2013

This study was carried out to examine a molecular marker system for parentage test in Jeju Black cattle (JBC). Based on the preliminarily studies, we finally selected for construction of a novel genetic marker system for molecular traceability, identity test, breed certification, and parentage test in JBC and its related industrial populations. The genetic marker system had eight MS markers, five indel markers, and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; g.G299T and g.del310G) within MC1R gene which is critical to verify the breed specific genotypes for coat color of JBC differing from those of exotic black cattle breeds such as Holstein and Angus. The results showed lower level of a combined non-exclusion probability for second parent (NE-P2) of $4.1202{\times}10^{-4}$ than those previously recommended by International Society of Animal Genetics (ISAG) of $5.000{\times}10^{-4}$ for parentage, and a combined non-exclusion probability for sib identity (NE-SI) of $2.679{\times}10^{-5}$. Parentage analysis has been successfully identified the JBC offspring in the indigenous population and cattle farms used the certified AI semens for production using the JBC-derived offspring for commercial beef. This combined molecular marker system will be helpful to supply genetic information for parentage test and traceability and to develop the molecular breeding system for improvement of animal productivity in JBC population.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권10호
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• pp.733-738
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• 2008

Although previous studies have implicated a role for TC1 (C8orf4) in cancer cell proliferation, the molecular mechanism of its action is still largely unclear. In this study, we showed, for the first time, that the mRNA levels of TC1 were upregulated by mitogens (FBS/thrombin) and at least partially, through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Interestingly, the over-expression of TC1 promoted the $G_1$- to S-phase transition of the cell cycle, which was delayed by the deficiency of ERK1/2 signaling in fibroblast cells. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter assay indicated that the over-expression of TC1 significantly increased Cyclin D1 promoter-driven luciferase activity. Taken together, our findings revealed that TC1 was involved in the mitogen-activated ERK1/2 signaling pathway and positively regulated $G_1$- to S-phase transition of the cell cycle. Our results may provide a novel mechanism of the role of TC1 in the regulation of cell proliferation.