• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.345-358
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the preceptorship on nursing performance and job satisfaction of the preceptor. This study was as a one group pretest-posttest study. The subjects were 33 nurses who was selected as preceptors in 1998. This study was carried out from 16 April 1998 to 25 May 1998. Nursing performance was measured on a 6-D scale developed by Schwirian (1978) and job satisfaction was measured by a tool developed by Slavitt et al.(1978) and interpreted by Yoon (1990). The collected data were analyzed by paired t-test with SPSSWIN. The results were summarized as follows: 1. After the preceptorship, nursing performance of the preceptor increased significantly compared to before the preceptorship. All of the score of subscales was increased. 2. After the preceptorship, job satisfaction of the preceptor was increased slightly compared with before the preceptorship, but it was not statistically significant. The scores of the subscales increased in job status, interaction, autonomy, and organization. However, the score of the task requirement was decreased. Through the results of this study, increase in nursing performance, but only a slight increase in job satisfaction can be observed(not statistically significant). It seems that the content of preceptor program, the principle of adult learning, scientific problem solving, communication, feedback, and direct teaching experience affect the individual nursing performance of the preceptor. The preceptorship was useful with personnel development in terms of organization. To fully carry out the role of educating the preceptee, it is important to motivate the preceptor and to induce job satisfaction of the preceptor.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.29-46
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of the degree of preparation for old age and the sense of crisis on the marital satisfaction of married mid-life women. The participants in this study were 300 women ranging in age from 40 to 59 years residing in Gyeonggi-do. Two hundred and forty-nine self-reported questionnaires were used for final analysis by SPSS PASW 18.0. The major results of this study were as follows. First, the mean score on the sense of crisis scale was $2.56{\pm}0.65$, representing a medium level. The mean scores for degree of preparation for later life and marital satisfaction were $3.54{\pm}0.57$ and $3.67{\pm}0.88$, which were somewhat high. Second, socio-demographic characteristics have a significant influence on married, middle-aged women. There were primarily differences in the sense of crisis by age cohort(such as women in their 50s) and level of education. Moreover, there were differences in the degree of preparation for later life by marriage duration and differences in marital satisfaction by level of education, monthly average income, and employment status. Third, in multiple regression analysis, the variables significantly influencing the marital satisfaction of married, middle-aged women included health status and monthly average income as control variables. Mid-life crisis also had a significant effect. The degree of preparation for emotional later life had a significant effect as an independent variable. These findings suggest that the level of sense of crisis and the degree of preparation for emotional later life affected the women's marital satisfaction. Other factors did not have a significant affect. Based on the above results, intervention alternatives are needed to improve the marital satisfaction of married, middle-aged women.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2016

본 논문의 목적은 플레이어가 조작하는 캐릭터의 관점이 사용자의 도덕적인 판단에 미치는 영향을 연구하는 것이다. 이를 위해 우리는 Unity3D 게임 엔진을 이용해 Castaway 라는 이름의 인터랙티브 스토리를 설계하고 개발했다. Castaway의 주요 내용은 1884년 영국에서 실제로 발생했던 R v Dudley and Stephens(일명 미뇨넷호 사건)에 기반하고 있다. Castaway 인터랙티브 스토리에서, 플레이어는 가해자의 입장과 피해자의 입장 중 하나를 선택하여 해당 캐릭터의 시점으로 스토리를 진행할 수 있다. 플레이어의 캐릭터에 대한 공감도가, 캐릭터에 대한 도덕적 판단에 영향을 주었는지를 알기 위해 우리는 소규모 (n=10) 파일럿 스터디를 설계하고 진행하였다. 연구 결과는 서로 다른 캐릭터 시점이 플레이어의 캐릭터 공감도 및 도덕적 판단에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사했다. 향후 보다 많은 참가자들을 모집해 주 실험을 진행할 예정에 있다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Serpin peptidase inhibitor, Clade B (ovalbumin), Member 5 (SERPINB5), also known as maspin, is a potent tumor suppressor gene. It has correlations with many tumor cells, from pancreas cancer to breast cancer, so it is possible that it may also affect liver cancer. There has also been a report that SERPINB12, a gene placed right next to SERPINB5, is expressed in liver. For this study, 32 polymorphisms were identified in SERPINB5 by direct DNA sequencing, and 11 of them were selected to be tested with a larger scale subjects. The association of the 11 SERPINB5 polymorphisms with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) clearance, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and the onset age of HCC were analyzed. There were no significant associations found between 11 SERPINB5 polymorphisms and HBV clearance. In the case of HCC occurrence, one of the haplotypes (ht) showed association with HCC occurrence (OR=2.26, p=0.005, $P^{Cor}=0.05$), albeit with a low statistical power (40.8%) and haplotype frequency (0.052). Further study with a bigger sample size will be needed to clearly verify the association between ht5 and HCC occurrence.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.141-159
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• 2016

Commonly in steel frames, steel beam and concrete slab are connected together by shear keys to work as a unit member which is called composite beam. When a composite beam is subjected to positive bending, flexural strength and stiffness of the beam can be increased due to "composite action". At the same time despite these advantages, composite action increases the strain at the beam bottom flange and it might affect beam plastic rotation capacity. This paper presents results of study on the rotation capacity of composite beam connected to Rectangular Hollow Section (RHS) column in the steel moment resisting frame buildings. Due to out-of-plane deformation of column flange, moment transfer efficiency of web connection is reduced and this results in reduction of beam plastic rotation capacity. In order to investigate the effects of width-to-thickness ratio (B/t) of RHS column on the rotation capacity of composite beam, cyclic loading tests were conducted on three full scale beam-to-column subassemblies. Detailed study on the different steel beam damages and concrete slab damages are presented. Experimental data showed the importance of this parameter of RHS column on the seismic behavior of composite beams. It is found that occurrence of severe concrete bearing crush at the face of RHS column of specimen with smaller width-to-thickness ratio resulted in considerable reduction on the rate of strain increase in the bottom flange. This behavior resulted in considerable improvement of rotation capacity of this specimen compared with composite and even bare steel beam connected to the RHS column with larger width-to-thickness ratio.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2015

Background : Charcot Marie Tooth disease can cause muscle weakness and foot deformity. Ankle pain induced by foot deformity affect patients' gait pattern and quality of life. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the traditional Korean medicine treatment for ankle pain induced with Charcot-Marie Tooth Disease, especially Chuna manual therapy on ankle joints. Methods : One patient was treated with acupuncture, phamacopuncture, herbal medication and chuna manual therapy on ankle joints. To evaluate the pain of ankle, lower back and lower extremity, visual analog scale(VAS) was measured. Results : After treatment for 5 week, the pain of ankle joint was declined from VAS 6 to VAS 2. Conclusions : Traditional Korean medicine treatment including acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herbal medication and Chuna manual therapy is effective for ankle pain with foot deformity. But further studies are required to prove the effectiveness of Chuna manual therapy on ankle joints.

• Architectural research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

In order to examine theoretical underpinnings of preference for built forms, 129 subjects are asked to rate a series of 9 slides of residential houses depicting a wide range of architectural styles on a 5 point scale, for coherence, complexity, excitement, familiarity, and natural harmony, respectively. Based on Lee's (2002a, 2002b) two previous studies addressing the issue of aesthetic beauty evaluation for man-made creatures (e.g., residential housing scenes), this study summarizes several meaningful findings. As reported by all the subjects, first, both "desire to visit" and "desire to live in" turned out to be a good predictor of preference as the two measures are highly correlated in statistically significant levels (99.9%). People who desire to visit a spot are more likely to desire to live in it. Second, Pearson's correlations showed that coherence is the opposite end of complexity. The more likely a housing setting is hanging together, the less likely it looks to be complex. Overall, though, it is not clear that the two variables work directly in that way, as weighted on preference ratings. That is, coherence and complexity are likely to be totally two independent systems that affect the ratings of preference. Third, both excitement and environmental sensitivity (e.g., harmony of a house with its surrounding nature) most highly account for the preference for various housing scenes, while familiarity has only a little effect on preference ratings. Possibly, people like or dislike a visual thing, no matter how much they are familiar with it. Finally, this study suggested that design professionals could communicate effectively with their clients if sets of visual standards as an appropriate communication tool for better design are properly established.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2001

Objectives : Dysphagia is common and severe problems of acute stroke determining the prognosis of stroke only second to mental change, and results in secondary fatal complications such as aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, etc. Therefore, we were to investigate the clinical characteristics of dysphagia accompanied by acute ischemic stroke. Methods : We selected subjects through clinical notes retrospectively, whose main problems included dysphagia resulted from acute stroke within 72 hours from onset who were admitted to the Internal Medicine Department of Wonkwang Oriental Medicine Hospital from Jan. 2000 to Apr. 2001. We assessed the severity of dysphagia from admission to discharge using a staging method : stage 0 is normal without dysphagia, stage 1 is nearly normal except for intermittent dysphagia, stage 2 is compensated abnormal swallowing requiring adjusted diets or delayed feeding time, stage 3 is uncompensated abnormal swallowing resulted in weight loss down to 10% of initial and daily aspiration, coughing, and vomiting, stage 4 is uncompensated abnormal swallowing resulting in weight loss beyond 10% and recommended for non-oral feeding, and stage 5 is 100% non-oral feeding by L-tube, or gastrostomy or NPO state. Results : Dysphagia was improved statistically significantly from the mean stage of $3.6{\pm}0.29$ on admission to $1.88{\pm}0.32$ on discharge (P<0.05). On average $7.1{\pm}1.48$ days were required for improving more than one stage level. As patients were older and the stage of dysphagia was worse on admission, severity of dysphagia was more difficult to improve (correlation coefficiency was 0.55 and 0.77 respectively, P<0.05). Aspiration pneumonia was complicated in 13 patients of the total 25 at mean dysphagia stage of $3.36{\pm}0.37$. However, any specific values such as lesion size, lesion site, sex, age, past history and NIH Stroke Scale on admission did not affect it (P>0.05). Conclusion : Clinical course of dysphagia was determined about I week from the onset. Aspiration pneumonia was mainly complicated during oral feeding periods. If there were no improvement of dysphagia over 2-3 weeks, then non-oral feeding such as Levin tube or gastrostomy must be considered.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.323-341
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 국내 공공도서관의 이용가치에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였다. 이용자의 진술을 통해 가치가 도출되는 CVM을 이용한 측정에서 응답자의 특성, 도서관의 특성과 같은 다양한 변인들이 미치는 영향들을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 국내외 공공도서관의 가치측정 연구에서 밝혀진 영향변인들을 분석하였고 여기서 나타난 영향요인들의 특성을 파악하였다. 도서관의 가치를 나타내는 지불의사액에 많은 영향을 미치는 요인은 이용자의 성별, 수입, 연령, 수입과 같은 인구통계학적 특성과 이용빈도, 방문소요시간과 같은 이용형태이다. 만족도와 인식 영역에서는 정보, 시설, 프로그램의 세가지 서비스 유형에 따라 사서의 만족도, 주민교류의 장, 경제적 도움 정도, 문화예술지원자에 대한 인식이 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이 연구는 국내 모든 유형의 공공도서관을 대상으로 측정한 가치에 미치는 영향력을 포괄적으로 분석함으로써 지역과 규모별로 이용자가 평가하는 가치의 속성에 대한 정보를 제공하였다. 이러한 정보는 향후 도서관의 가치를 높이기 위한 전략적인 정책수립에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.232-238
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• 2017

Objective : An apparent increase of use of drugs affecting hemostasis in our neurosurgical department since the 1990s has encouraged us to investigate whether these drugs influence the clinical course and results of surgery for chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). Methods : This retrospective analysis included 178 patients admitted for CSDH from 2007 to 2011 who were divided into two groups : on drugs affecting hemostasis (40; 22%) and no bleeding disorders (138; 78%). Medications in the first group included oral anticoagulants (33; 82.5%), antiplatelets (5; 12.5%) and low molecular weight heparins (2; 5%). Results : The patients on drugs affecting hemostasis were older ($74.3{\pm}7.4$ vs. $68.4{\pm}14.8$; p-value 0.01) and the group without bleeding disorders had more head trauma history (61% vs. 38%, p-value 0.01). The groups did not differ in bilateral hematoma rates (25% vs. 20%, p-value=NS). At diagnosis, mean hematoma thickness was lower in patients on drugs affecting hemostasis ($18.7{\pm}7.4mm$ vs. $21.9{\pm}7.9mm$, p-value<0.01). Average stay of hospital was 1 day longer in patients on drugs affecting hemostasis ($11.7{\pm}4.1$ vs.$10.9{\pm}5.3$, p-value=NS) and was related to the necessity of bleeding disorder reversal. Mean neurological status at presentation was similar between the groups (p-value=NS) as was the likelihood of hematoma recurrence (p-value=NS). Glasgow Outcome Scale results were comparable. Conclusion : Patients on drugs affecting hemostasis are less often aware of a head trauma history, possibly suggesting a higher CSDH risk after minor trauma in this group. In these patients, smaller hematomas are symptomatic, probably due to faster hematoma formation. Drugs affecting hemostasis do not affect treatment results.