• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.403-409
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• 1989

Dietary fiber(DF) content and their properties were analyzed in some common vegetables such as Squash(leaf), Water cress, Garland chrysanthemum, Leek and sweet potato(stem). DF was analyzed by the method of detergent fractionation. Values for neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF), lignin, hemicellulose were obtained. NDF for most samples was $13.83%{\sim}24.31%$, ADF was $11.99%{\sim}21.03%$, lignin was around $0.56%{\sim}3.00%$, hemicellulose was about $1.33%{\sim}3.88%$, cellulose was $9.08%{\sim}14.87%$ except sweet potato(leaf) (20.47%). This paper describes two properties of the fiber-of commonly eaten vegetables ; water-holding capacity(WHC) and metal binding. The capacity of the acetone dried powder (ADP) to hold water was estimated. The WHC measurements differed from 7.49 per 9 of ADP for Water cress to 11.09 per 9 of ADP for Leek. The binding of Fe, Zn in NDF. ADF obtained from five fiber sources was examined under two pH conditions ; 1) pH2.1, 2) pH6.1. Fe, Zn binding increased with higher pH and differed from DF sources.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to assess the forage productivity and nutritive value of kenaf at different fertilizer application amounts and various stages of maturity. The experiment was conducted from May to September 2020, the amount of 80 kg of kenaf seed/ha was supplied with different types and amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and the plants were harvested at 10-day intervals from different harvesting dates (24^th August and 3^rd, 13^th, 23^rd September). According to the different fertilizer types and application amounts, the highest kenaf height was recorded in the inorganic fertilizer amounts of 200 and 250 kg N/ha and the fresh and DM yield were significantly improved in the inorganic nitrogen amount of 250 kg N/ha. The highest CP and TDN content in the leaf was achieved in the inorganic fertilizer amounts of 150 and 200 kg N/ha, respectively; and the highest TDN content in the stem was also found in the inorganic fertilizer amount of 200 kg N/ha. According to the different harvesting dates, the highest DM ratio was found in the harvesting date of 13th September, the leaf ratio increased with advanced maturity, whereas the stem ratio decreased significantly and the highest DM yield of kenaf was recorded in the harvesting dates of 13^th and 23^rd September. Besides, the highest CP, CF, CA, ADF, NDF and TDN content in the leaf as influenced by different harvesting dates was 15.4, 31.8, 10.2, 22.1, 34.7 and 76.5%, respectively, and the CP, CA, ADF and TDN in stem decreased significantly with advanced maturity of kenaf. In conclusion, the optimal fertilizer amounts and the appropriate harvesting dates for a high forage yield and high-quality kenaf as livestock feed were the inorganic fertilizer application amounts of 200-250 kg N/ha and from 13^th and 23^rd September, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.520-527
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• 2009

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) is a high-quality forage for ruminants and the main stem is the dominant morphological component contributing to the forage nutritive value in mature alfalfa forage. Shearing force, a fracturing property of plant stem, is an important indictor of forage value. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of morphological characteristic on shearing force, the relationship between shearing force and chemical composition, and the relationship between shearing force and in situ digestibility of alfalfa stem. The results showed that linear density (weight per unit length of stem) was more important than chemical composition in affecting shearing force. There was a positive relationship between lignin content and shearing force (r = 0.78). Correlations were not found between shearing force and other chemical components such as neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose and hemicelluloses. In situ digestibility (of dry matter and NDF) was related to shearing force. A negative correlation was found between shearing force and dry matter (DM) digestibility (r = -0.70), and there was also a negative correlation between shearing force and NDF digestibility (r = -0.87). When shearing force was standardized for stem diameter or stem linear density, the relationship between shearing force and digestibility was consistent regardless of stem diameter and stem linear density. Shearing force was significantly correlated with lignin content and in situ digestibility (of DM and NDF), and was a more direct indicator for estimating forage nutritive value related to animal performance, so it can be used to predict the forage value of alfalfa.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 1991

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of starch addition on the fermentative quality and dry matter digestibility(DMD) of Kudzu(Puerari~ thzmbergii Bentham) silage. The herbages was ensiled by the conventional methods in small plastic silo of 7.5 liters with addition of starch of 0 %, 2 %, 4 74, 6 % and 8 %, respectivery. The samples of kudzu silage were separated into leaf and stem, and was determined the pH, organic acid and characteristics of fiber such as neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent liber(ADF) and acid detergent lignin(ADL). The DMD of leaf and stem silage were evaluated by pepsin-cellulase technique method. The energy values(tota1 digestible nutrients, TDN; digestible energy, DE; metaboliz;~bie energy. ME) were calculated by DMD. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The fiberous meterials(such as NDF, AIIF and ADL) of leaf and stem were decreased with increasing levels of starch(p

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.615-626
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• 2020

하계사료작물로 케나프를 재배할 시에 유기 및 화학비료의 질소공급원과 수확시기를 달리하였을 때 케나프의 생산성과 양질의 조사료를 얻기 위해 적정 질소시용수준과 수확시기를 구명하고자 실시되었다. 질소공급원에 따른 케나프의 건물수량은 화학비료 처리 구가 다소 높았지만, 유기질비료를 ha 당 200~250 kg의 수준에서는 화학비료 처리 구와 유의한 차이가 인정되지 않았고 사료가치 특히 조단백질과 TDN 함량은 오히려 유기질비료 처리 구에서 유의하게 높게 나타나(p<0.05), 반추동물에게 양질의 조사료 공급원으로 이용하고자 케나프가 재배된다면 유기질비료가 화학비료를 대체할 수 있음을 시사하였다. 한편 수확시기에 따른 건물수량은 100일째가 다른 수확시기보다 유의하게 높았지만 100~110일 수확시기가 수량구성요인 중 잎의 비율이 줄기보다도 높았고 사료가치 중 조단백질과 TDN 함량이 다른 수확시기보다 높게 나타났으며 ADF와 NDF 함량은 크게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 본 연구의 결과 특히 건물수량과 사료가치를 비교해 볼 때 적절한 질소공급원으로 유기질비료를 시용 시에는 ha당 200~250 kg 정도가 적절하고 수확시기는 100~110일이 적합하다고 사료된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1999

우리나라에서는 봄철에 콩과목초를 수확한 후 포장 건조시 목초의 수량 및 품질손실에 관한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 시험은 콩과목초인 알팔파(Medicago sativa L.), 크림손 클로버 (Trifolium incarnatum L.) 및 레드 클로버(Trifolium pratense L.)를 봄철 포장에 건조하였을 때 콩과목초의 수량 및 품질 손실에 관한 정보를 얻기 위하여 수행하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 알팔파의 수확시 건물 함량은 15%로 가장 높았으며, 크림손 및 레드 클로버의 건물 함량은 각각 12.4 및 11.5%였다. 이러한 초종간의 건물 함량의 차이는 포장 건조기간 중에 계속 유지되었다. 건물 함량이 80% 이상이 되는데 알팔파는 7일이 소요되었으나, 크림손 및 레드 클로버는 8일이 소요되었다. 크림손 클로버 및 알팔파의 건물당 잎과 줄기의 비는 레드클로버보다 높았으나, 조단백질 함량을 가지고 비교할 때 잎과 줄기 비는 레드 클로버가 크림손 클로버 및 알팔파보다 높았다. 건조기간중 탈엽에 의한 건물 손실률은 알팔파가 크림손 클로버 및 레드 클로버보다 높았으며, 조단백질의 손실률도 초종간의 차이가 같은 경향을 보였다. 생초와 건초의 사료가치 비교에서 생초는 조단백질(CP), 가소화영양소총량(TDN) 및 상대사료가치(RFV)에서 높았고, 건초는 ADF 및 NDF 함량이 낮았다. 이상의 연구결과를 볼 때 봄철(5월 중순)에 포장에서 건조된 건초는 건조기간 중 탈엽에 의한 조단백질의 손실이 높기 때문에 ADF 및 NDF 함량보다는 조단백질 함량에 더 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 1986

간석지(干拓地)에 자생(自生)하는 갈대 식생군락(植生群落)에 무비구(無肥區)와 시비구(施肥區)를 설치하여 5월(月)부터 10월(月)까지 월별(月別)로 초장(草長), 엽경비(葉莖比) 및 생산량(生産量)을 측정하고, 시료(試料)를 채취한 후 사료성분(飼料成分) 및 in vitro 건물소화율(乾物消化率)을 추정하였는바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 시비(施肥)에 의하여 갈대의 초장(草長) 및 수량(收量)이 증가(增加)하는 한편 식물체(植物體)의 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 및 in vitro 건물소화율이 유의적으로 향상되었는데 반(反)해 ADF 함량(含量)이 감소하였다. 2. 상관계수(相關係數)의 유의성(有意性) 검정(檢定)결과 생육시기(生育時期) 초장(草長), 수량(收量), crude fiber 및 ADF함량(含量)과 in vitro 건물소화율간(乾物消化率間)에는 부(負)(-)와 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타냈고, 엽경비율(葉莖比率) crude protein 및 crude fat 함량(含量)과 건물소화율(乾物消化率)과는 정(正)(+)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타냈다(P<0.05).

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.132-136
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 대표적인 섬유작물인 케나프의 가축 사료용으로 이용 가능성을 검증하기 위해서 한국원자력연구원에서 개발한 신품종 장대와 다른 품종들(옥수, C12, C14-DRS)에서 생육특성과 유용물질 함량을 비교 분석하였다. 전체적으로 돌연변이 신품종 장대가 다른 대조품종들보다는 생육이 좋았는데 특히 생체중, 건물중, 줄기직경, 마디 수에서 대조품종들보다 1.6~3.1배 가량 높은 생육 특성을 보였다. 조단백질과 조지방 함량은 장대의 줄기에서 가장 높았으며, 잎에서는 가장 적게 나타났다. 줄기의 조섬유와 조회분 함량은 계통들간의 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 잎의 조섬유 함량은 C14-DRS가 가장 높았으며 그 다음으로 장대가 높았다. ADF함량은 옥수의 줄기와 잎에서 가장 많이 나타났으며 NDF는 장대의 줄기와 잎에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 총폴리페놀과 총플라보노이드 함량은 옥수, C12, 장대, C14-DRS순으로 나타났다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.497-503
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• 1999

Change on the structural carbohydrate(several fiberous components) was determined by vegetables(crown daisy and butterbur)-cultivated in Ulsan, Kyungnam, Korea-as its stage of maturity developed. Samples were separated into leaf and stem, which were dried at 7$0^{\circ}C$ for 24hr, and ground to pass a 1mm screen. They were subjected to moisture, crude protein, crude fat and several dietary fiber-DF(dietary fiber, include unavaible components), NDF(neutral detergent fiber), ADF(acid detergent fiber), lignin, hemicellulose, cellulose and protein corrected NDF(c-NDF), IDF(indigestible fiber, include lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose). In general, structural carbohytrate(several dietary fiber) of vegetable was affected by the growth stage. In case of crown daisy and butterbur, dietary fiber in leaf was higher than DF in stem.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2020

These experiments were to investigate the variations of rye on forage quality, productivity and β-carotene concentration affected by maturity in Pyeongchang region. Limited information are available about how forage quality and β-carotene content are affected by various factors. Samples were collected from rye harvested every 5 days, from April 25 to May 31 (April 25, April 30, May 4, May 9, May 15, May 21, May 25 and May 31). Dry matter (DM) content, plant height, DM yield and total digestible nutrient (TDN) yield increased continuously with the progressed maturity. However, crude protein (CP) content, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and relative feed value (RFV) decreased markedly with the delay of harvesting, while TDN content decreased from April 25 till May 15, then followed by a stable fluctuation. Conversely, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) value increased and then fluctuated slightly after blooming stage. For quality of plant parts, stem contained the lowest CP content and RFV value, and the highest ADF and NDF contents compared with other parts, while the grain showed the higher CP, IVDMD, RFV and lower fiber contents than others. With the plant matured, leaf proportion decreased while stem and grain proportion increased, and feed value of all the three parts decreased till blooming stage and followed by a stable phase. β-carotene concentration showed its highest on jointing stage, and then fell down sharply on the sequential stages. In conclusion, harvest around May 15 (blooming) is proper for forage rye if directly consumed by livestock as green chop in Pyeongchang under the consideration of both nutritive yield and forage quality.