• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.297-308
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• 1992

The effect of orthodontic force on the collagenase and phosphatase activities of the adjacent alveolar bone was evaluated. Maxillary canines of male cats were treated orthodontically with closed coil spring so as to exert about 80g force. Sixteen cats were equally divided into one control group and seven experimental groups (12 hrs, 24 hrs, 36 hrs, 2 days, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days after orthodontic treatment). After sacrificing all animals on experimental intervals, collagenase, acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were determined in the pressure and tension sides of alveolar bones. ACP activities increased in both the pressure and tension sides, but significantly increased in the pressure side continuously. ALP activities increased in the tension side at early stage (1-2 days after treatment), but changed small amount in the pressure side. Collagenase activities increased in the pressure side, especially at late stage (5-7 days after treatment). These results suggest that (1) orthodontic fore force increases the ACP, ALP and collagenase activities generally and (2) activities of ACP and collagenase increase in the pressure side, but that of ALP in the tension side and (3) activities of ACP and ALP increase at early stage, but that of collagenase at late stage after orthodontic treatment. Therefore it is shown that there are time differences in the formation and destruction of organic and inorganic components in the bone metabolism of alveolus with application of the orthodontic forces.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 2013

Objective : Although removal of the anterior clinoid process (ACP) is essential surgical technique, studies about quantitative measurements of the space broadening by the anterior clinoidectomy are rare. The purposes of this study are to investigate the dimension of the ACP, to quantify the improved exposure of the parasellar space after extradural anterior clinoidectomy and to measure the correlation of each structure around the paraclinoidal area. Methods : Eleven formalin-fixed Korean adult cadaveric heads were used and frontotemporal craniotomies were done bilaterally. The length of C6 segment of the internal carotid artery on its lateral and medial side and optic nerve length were checked before and after anterior clinoidectomy. The basal width and height of the ACP were measured. The relationships among the paraclinoidal structures were assessed. The origin and projection of the ophthalmic artery (OA) were investigated. Results : The mean values of intradural basal width and height of the ACP were 10.82 mm and 7.61 mm respectively. The mean length of the C6 lateral and medial side increased 49%. The mean length of optic nerve increased 97%. At the parasellar area, the lengths from the optic strut to the falciform liament, distal dural ring, origin of OA were 6.69 mm, 9.36 mm and 5.99 mm, respectively. The distance between CN III and IV was 11.06 mm. Conclusion : With the removal of ACP, exposure of the C6 segments and optic nerve can expand 49% and 97%, respectively. This technique should be among a surgeon's essential skills for treating lesions around the parasellar area.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.20-30
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• 1999

In order to modify lipid production of Perilla qualitatively as well as quantitatively by genetic engineering, genes involved in carbon metabolism were isolated and characterized. These include acyl-ACP thioesterases from Perilla frutescens and Iris sp., four different $\beta$-ketoacyl- ACP synthases from Perilla frutescens, and two $\Delta$15 a-cyl-ACP desaturases(Pffad7, pffad3). Δ15 acyl-ACP desa turase (Δ15-DES) is responsible for the conversion of linoleic acid (18:2) to $\alpha$-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3). pffad 3 encodes Δ15 acyl-desaturase which is localized in ER membrane. On the other hand, Pffad7 encodes a 50 kD plastid protein (438 residues), which showed highest sequence similarity to Sesamum indicum fad7 protein. Northern blot analysis revealed that the Pffad7 is highly expressed in leaves but not in roots and seeds. And Pffad3 is expressed throughout the seed developmental stage except very early and fully mature stage. We constructed Pffad7 gene under 355 promoter and Pffad3 gene under seed specific vicillin promoter. Using Pffad7 construct, Perilla, an oil seed crop in Korea, was transformed by Agrobacterium leaf disc method. $\alpha$-linolenic acid contents increased in leaves but decreased in seeds of transgenic Perilla. Currently, we are transforming Perilla with Pffad3 construct to change Perilla seed oil composition. We isolated three ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) genes from Perilla immature seed specific cDNA library. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that two of three AGP (Psagpl, Psagp2) genes encode AGP small subunit polypeptides and the remaining (Plagp) encodes an AGP large subunit. PSAGPs, AGP small subunit peptide, form active heterotetramers with potato AGP large subunit in E. coli expressing plant AGP genes.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2003년도 제3회 국제심포지움 및 학술대회
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• pp.75-75
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• 2003

Transition of the resting primordial follicle to the growing primary follicle is a critical process for female reproduction, but its mechanism is poorly understood. The present study was conducted to investigate gene expression profile at the primordial-primary follicle transition process. We isolated total RNA of female mouse ovary at day1 (contains only primordial follicles) and day5 (contains primordial and primary follicles) and synthesized cDNA using annealing control primers (ACP; Seegene, Inc., Seoul, Korea). ACP provides annealing specificity and sensitivity to the template and allows to identify only authentic differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We used total 80 ACPs for PCR, observed PCR products on 2% agarose gel, cloned 42 DEGs using TOPO TA cloning vector, sequenced, and analyzed by BLAST search. Sequences of 34 clones significantly matched database entries while 4 clones were novel and 4 clones were EST. Two of 34 genes were specifically expressed only in day 5 ovaries (Sui1-rs1, Apg3p/Aut1p-like), and rest of 32 genes were expressed in both stages but were differential in amount. Differential expression was confirmed using semiquantitative RT-PCR, and there was no false positive. Anx11 and Pepp2-pending were highly expressed genes in day1-, while BPOZ, Ches1, Kcmf1, NHE3, Nid2, Ninj1, SENP3 and Survivin were highly expressed genes in day5-ovary. List of genes would provide insight for further study of mechanism regulating primordial-primary follicle transition.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

본 연구는 항우식 제품인 Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP)를 포함하는 치아크림, 불소 바니쉬, 저농도 불소 양치액을 치아에 도포하는 것이 단시간 탄산음료에 의한 법랑질의 침식을 예방할 수 있는지 살펴보기 위해 계획되었다. 법랑질 시편에 다음과 같은 항우식 제품을 도포하였고, 인공타액에 24시간 보관한 후, 콜라에 1분 증류수에 1분씩 5회 번갈아 처리하였다. 1군: 대조군(무처치) 2군: CPP-ACP 치아크림군 3군: 불소 바니쉬군(1,000 ppm F) 4군: 저농도 불소 양치액군(227 ppm F) 5군: 불소 바니쉬 + CPP-ACP 치아크림군 6군: 저농도 불소 양치액 + CPP-ACP 치아크림군 미세경도와 침식깊이를 측정하였고, Quantitative light-induced fluorescence(QLF)를 이용하여 안정된 형광 격자에 대한 부피 형광 변화인 ${\Delta}Q$를 측정하여 무기질 감소량을 평가하였다. 6일 동안 실험을 반복하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 미세경도는 1군$\leq$2군$\leq$4군<6군<3군$\fallingdotseq$5군 순이었다. 2. 평균 침식깊이는 5군$\fallingdotseq$3군<6군<4군$\fallingdotseq$2군$\fallingdotseq$1군 순이었다. 3. ${\Delta}Q$는 1군$\fallingdotseq$2군$\leq$4군$\leq$6군$\leq$3군$\fallingdotseq$5군 순이었다. ${\Delta}Q$의 감소율은 1군과 2군, 4군과 6군, 3군과 5군이 각각 유사하였다. 4. ${\Delta}Q$는 미세경도와 강한 양의 상관관계를 나타냈고(r=0.96, p<0.05), 침식깊이와는 강한 음의 상관관계를 보였다(r=-0.96, p<0.05).

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제71권1호
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• pp.90-98
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• 1985

Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa의 유전변이(遺傳變異)를 조사(調査)하기 위해 GOT, ACP, MDH, ADH의 isozyme을 starch gel에 의한 수평식(水平式) 전기영동법(電氣泳動法)으로 조사(調査)하였다. 염색결과(染色結果) 4종류(種類)의 동위효소(同位酵素)에 모두 band가 나타났으며 GOT의 band는 6 - 7 loci로 구분(區分)되고, 이 중 변이(變異)를 보인 다섯 loci에서 양친수(兩親樹)의 유전자형(遺傳子型) 추정(推定)에 의한 차대(次代)의 분리비(分離比)는 이론치(理論値)와 관찰치(觀察値)가 거의 일치(一致)하였다. ACP에 있어서 두 개의 locus가 있는 것으로 추정(推定)되며 A-zone은 monomorphic하게 나타났고, B-zone에서는 P. alba는 band가 없고 P. alba ${\times}$ P. alba는 $B_1$-band가 있으므로 교잡종(交雜種)에서 현사시나무 2호가 1호보다 유전변이(遺傳變異)가 크다는 것이 확인되었다. MDH는 변이(變異)가 없는 한 개 유전자좌(遺傳子座)와 변이(變異)가 있는 두 개의 유전자좌(遺傳子座)가 확인되었다. ADH는 교배양친수(交配兩親樹)가 각각(各各) 한 개의 다른 A-band만 나타내나 차대(次代)는 모두 3개의 band를 나타내어 양친수(兩親樹)는 homozygote, 차대(次代)는 heterozygote로 추정(推定)되고 중간(中間) band가 나타남으로 dimer로 판단되었다. 교배모수(交配母樹)인 은백양과 화분수(花粉樹)인 수원사시나무는 4가지 enzyme에 있어서 클론간(間)에 모두 변이(變異)가 없었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.360-371
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• 2023

Hispidin is an important styrylpyrone produced by Sanghuangporus sanghuang. To analyze hispidin biosynthesis in S. sanghuang, the transcriptomes of hispidin-producing and non-producing S. sanghuang were determined by Illumina sequencing. Five PKSs were identified using genome annotation. Comparative analysis with the reference transcriptome showed that two PKSs (ShPKS3 and ShPKS4) had low expression levels in four types of media. The gene expression pattern of only ShPKS1 was consistent with the yield variation of hispidin. The combined analyses of gene expression with qPCR and hispidin detection by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with ion-trap and time-of-flight technologies (LCMS-IT-TOF) showed that ShPKS1 was involved in hispidin biosynthesis in S. sanghuang. ShPKS1 is a partially reducing PKS gene with extra AMP and ACP domains before the KS domain. The domain architecture of ShPKS1 was AMP-ACP-KS-AT-DH-KR-ACP-ACP. Phylogenetic analysis shows that ShPKS1 and other PKS genes from Hymenochaetaceae form a unique monophyletic clade closely related to the clade containing Agaricales hispidin synthase. Taken together, our data indicate that ShPKS1 is a novel PKS of S. sanghuang involved in hispidin biosynthesis.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2005

배반포 단계의 난자에서 차이 나게 발현하는 유전자의 발굴을 통해 초기 동물 발생과 분화에 관한 기전을 알 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 차별발현 역전사효소중합법, 이름하여 에닐링 콘트롤 프라이머(ACP) 방법에 의해 생쥐 배반포에서 차이 나게 발현하는 유전자를 줄기세포와 비교하여 발굴하였다. 총 100개의 ACP를 사용하여 26개의 유전자 단편을 확인하였고, BLAST 탐색에 의해 유전자 정보 은행(GeneBank/EMBL)에 저장된 유전자와 동일하다는 것을 알았다. 이들 유전자 중에 15개의 유전자를 선별하여 역전사효소중합법에 의해 조사한 결과, 배반포에서 차이 나게 발현함을 재확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 ACP 방법이 특정 발달 단계에 있는 소량의 배아 샘플로부터 전사되는 유전자를 확인하는데 실용적으로 사용될 수 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2012

이전 연구에서 넙치유래 재조합 마이오스타틴 프로도메인을 무지개송어에 한달간 침지법을 통하여 처리한 결과 대조군에 비하여 무게가 최대 약 42% 증가되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 재조합 마이오스타틴 프로도메인을 침지법에 의해 처리된 무지개송어와 대조군의 근육으로부터 발현되는 cDNA를 제작하여 마이오스타틴 프로도메인에 의해서 유도된 특정유전자를 선발하기 위하여 ACP (annealing control primer)를 이용한 DDRT법을 통하여 분석하였다. 총 20가지의 ACP를 이용한 결과 2개의 특정 유전자를 분석하였으며, NCBI BLAST 분석결과 Cytochrome P450 mono oxygenase와 Profilin으로 판명되었다. 이 중 Cytochrome P450 mono oxygenase는 대조군보다 발현량이 증가하였으며, Profilin는 대조군에 비해서 발현량이 감소하였다. 이러한 결과를 재확인하기 위하여 두 유전자의 primer를 각각 제작하여 semi-quantitative RT-PCR를 시행한 결과 DDRT법에 의한 분석과 동일하였다. 본 결과는 어류의 성장에서 마이오스타틴 프로도메인의 기능 및 메카니즘에 대한 연구에 유용한 자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.829-832
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• 2008

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to simultaneously detect 4 varieties of genetically modified (GM) cotton. The event-specific primers were used to distinguish the 4 varieties of GM cotton (MON1445, MON15985, MON88913, and LLcotton25) using multiplex PCR. The acyl carrier protein 1 (Acp1) gene was used as an endogenous reference gene of cotton in the PCR detection. The primer pair Acp1-AF/AR containing a 99 bp amplicon was used to amplify the Acp1 gene and no amplified product was observed in any of the 13 different plants used as templates. This multiplex PCR method allowed for the detection of event-specific targets in a genomic DNA mixture of up to 1% GM cotton containing MON1445, MON15985, MON88913, and LLcotton25.