• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.541-556
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• 2022

Myocardial fibrosis is a key link in the occurrence and development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Its etiology is complex, and the effect of drugs is not good. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important cause of myocardial fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gaseous signal molecule sulfur dioxide (SO₂) on diabetic myocardial fibrosis and its internal regulatory mechanism. Masson and TUNEL staining, Western-blot, transmission electron microscopy, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry were used in the study, and the interstitial collagen deposition, autophagy, apoptosis, and changes in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways were evaluated from in vivo and in vitro experiments. The results showed that diabetic myocardial fibrosis was accompanied by cardiomyocyte apoptosis and down-regulation of endogenous SO₂-producing enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (AAT)_1/2. However, exogenous SO₂ donors could up-regulate AAT_1/2, reduce apoptosis of cardiomyocytes induced by diabetic rats or high glucose, inhibit phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT protein, up-regulate autophagy, and reduce interstitial collagen deposition. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the gaseous signal molecule SO₂ can inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote cytoprotective autophagy and inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis to improve myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats. The results of this study are expected to provide new targets and intervention strategies for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.690-697
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• 2022

This study was conducted to analyze genome of red sea cucumber and to use it as basic data for the development of genetic markers for red sea cucumber. Microsatellite marker analysis of Ulleungdo_normal and Ulleungdo_native red sea cucumbers revealed that dinucleotide simple sequence repeats (SSRs) had the highest ratio, at 81.3~81.4%, and the number of the detected SSRs tended to decrease as the number of repeating sequence units in SSRs increased. In general, microsatellites with between 5 and 10 iterations were most common. As the size of the SSR repeating sequence units increased, the SSR iterations gradually decreased. The di-, tri-, and tetra-nucleotides in SSRs were detected in the highest numbers as (AT)₅, (AAT)₅, and (AAAT)₅, respectively. (CG) and (CCG) had very low frequencies compared to the numbers of other repeating SSR units. The numbers of di-and tri-nucleotide repeats were up to 35 and 32, respectively, and then increased discontinuously up to 44 and 43 repeats, respectively. Tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotides in SSRs occurred in numbers up to 25, 21 and 14, respectively. This analysis of red sea cucumber indicated that it maintains its own repetition sequence and repetition number; therefore, we suggest that using it as basic data for molecular marker will be possible in future research.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.1B
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• pp.109-116
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• 2004

Optical Burst Switching (OBS) technology has drawn much attention as a promising solution for IP/WDM networks. OBS has the features such as the offset time, the delayed reservation and the burst assembly. In particular, the burst assembly, which assembles IP packets into the data bursts, has a great impact on the performance of OBS network. In this paper, we compare the performance of three different burst assembly schemes and investigate their impact on the performance of OBS network.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.934-939
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• 2001

The growth inhibition of Campylobacter jejuni ATCC 33291 in the presence of $1\%$ acetic acid at 4, 25, and $42^{\circ}C$, followed by $25^{\circ}C$ and $4^{\circ}C$, at pH 5.5 and pH 6.5, and by the addition of $1\%$ acetic acid aat 4, 25, and $42^{\circ}C$ were determined to be 22, 8.5, and 1.4 min, respectively, in an FBP-SBB medium. The D values of C. jejuni were increased by the addition of chicken and did not follow the linear relationship observed in the FBP-SBB media without chicken. When using distilled water instead of FBP-SBB in the model system, the death rate of C. jejuni was dramatically accelerated. The injured or low cell numbers that were impossible to enumerate using the plate count method, were detected by a polymerase chain reaction and enrichment culture procedure. These results suggested that acetic acid is reliable and effective as a disinfectant, however, it is necessary to take additional care at refrigeration temperatures due to the potential of injred cells during poultry processing.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.15 no.spc1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2000

We review the early historical developement of astronomical spectrographs, properties of emission line spectra of HII regions in spiral galaxies, and absorption line features of galactic globular clusters. Emission line spectra of HII regions within three spiral galaxies NGC 300, NGC 1365, and NGC 7793, which were observed from AAT/IPCS, had been analysed, and we discuss the abundances of elements in HII regions and the radial abundace gradients through the galaxies. The radial UBV color variations of two globular clusters, NGC 1851 and NGC 2808, were examined for correlations with radial variations of several absorption lines in the integrated spectra, which were obtained from SAAO 74 inch telescope and image tube spectrograph. Nine giant star's spectra in NGC 3201 were also obtained and analysed for the radial abundance gradients in the globular cluster. The results show that the presence of a radial color gradient in a globular cluster is correlated with the presence of abundance gradients. Finally, we suggest some scientific programs for the new high dispersion spectrograph, which will be installed to the BOAO 1.8m telescope.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.63.2-63.2
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• 2012

한국천문연구원의 대형광학망원경 개발사업(K-GMT)의 세 가지 세부 목표 중 GMT 망원경 건설 후 GMT 망원경 활용 극대화가 그 하나이며 이 목표를 달성하기 위한 두 부류의 큰 활동이 이루어지고 있다. 첫째, 국내 전문가로 구성된 과학.기기 워킹그룹(Science Instrument Working Group)은 한국천문학계 연구역량강화 프로그램을 준비하고 시행하고 있으며 2012년 K-GMT 여름학교를 개최할 예정이다. 둘째, 천문연은 2개의 핵심연구주제를 선정하고 2011년부터 학계와 공동으로 pilot 연구를 수행하고 있다. 이 학연공동연구에서는 AAT를 이용한 남반구 별탄생영역 관측, CFHT를 이용한 은하단/은하군 관측을 수행하였고 2012년엔 UKIRT 망원경을 이용하여 우리은하평면의 [FeII] 서베이 관측 등을 수행할 계획이다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.152-159
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• 1980

The temperature and the grain boundary precipitation have the great influence on the low-cycle fatigue behavior of austenite stainless steel at elevated temperature. For the purpose of investigating the mechanism concerning the change of fatigue micro crack mode in SUS 316 under various conditions low-cycle fatigue test was carried out at the elevated temperature 600.deg.C, plastic strain range 2% and constant strain rate .5c.p.m. A special attention is given to the observation of intergranular crack initiation. The results obtained are summarized as follows. The low-cycle fatigue behavior of SUS 316 at 600.deg.C is affected by transition of crack initiation mode from intergranular to transgranular. The transition is due to the aging effect, which is caused by grain boundary precipitations of Cr$\_$23/C$\_$6/. Since the intergranular crack initiation is brought about by the grain boundary sliding, the transgranular crack initiates in case that the strengthening of grain boundary due to the precipitation of Cr$\_$23/C$\_$6/ carbides takes place ahead of the intergranular crack initiation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 1995

A biochemical genetic study on blood enzyme/protein systems in some breeds/crosses of sheep in Malaysia was carried out using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Blood samples were collected from 435 sheep, representing 8 breeds/crosses. These included 5 wool sheep breeds (Thai Longtail, wiltshire, Suffolk, Dorsimal and cMBLx), 1 hair sheep breed (Barbados Blackbelly) and 2 hybrids between wool sheep and hair sheep (Cameroon ${\times}$ Thai Longtail and Bali Bali ${\times}$ Malin). Twenty loci systems were examined. Of these, ten ($HB{\beta}$, ALB, TF, XP, CAT, DIA1, EsA, GPI, ME and NP) exhibited genetic variation whereas the other ten (AAT, CA, DIA2, ${\alpha}GLO$, ${\alpha}GLU$, LDH, MDH, PEP[leu-gly-gly], 6PGD and SOD) were monomorphic. The allelic frequencies which were obtained in 10 polymorphic markers are assessed and compared with the results obtained by previous workers. The estimations of inbreeding coefficient, intrabreed variation and breed relationships have been critically discussed and are used to reveal some important recommendations.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 1992

Many species of genus Entoloma were collecte from areas aat Mt. Naejang National Park, Mt. Sunun Provincial Park Mt. Manduck and adjacent areas. these Entoloa were idenified. According to the results, Entoloma subfarinaceum, E.viriincum, E.subgriseum, E.dolosum, E.squamiferum, E.intutum, E.violaceobrunnrum an E.seicatum were new to be Korea. Detail descriptions and Korean descriptions for them were made.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 1990

Al-Si piston alloys such as AlS10CuMg have been anodized to examine apossibility of forming a hard film aat relatively higher temperatures compard with those in conventional sulfuric acid processes. Three types of electrolytes have been employed in this study ; electrolyte A(15% H2SO4, $0^{\circ}C$), electrolyte B(12% H2SO4, 1% oxalic, $10^{\circ}C$), electrolyte C(tartaric acid 125g/L+oxalic 75g/L+aluminum sulfate 225g/L, $25^{\circ}C$). Hard anodisine process in electrolyte B at a current density of 1.54A/dm2 produced a harder film of VHN 396 at a relatibely low film forming voltage compared with those obtained in other electrolyte at equivalent current density. A liner relationship between hardness and abrasion resistance exists for Al-Si piston alloys. The hardness of anodized film decreasees with increasing silicon content in Al-Si alloys and also with bath temperature. The film hardeness of Na-modified alloy os higher than that of P-modified alloy due to its finer microstructre. The film on the silicon phase in Al-Si alloys is observed to be formed by lateral growth of oxide film nucleated at surroundings.