• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.551-560
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Opuntia ficus indica(prickly pear) pigment and sodium lactate on nitrite-reduced sausages. The a* value, total bacterial counts, pH, water holding capacity, texture analysis, sensory evaluation of sausages, body weight gain and blood glucose of rat for 4 weeks were not significantly different between the control and treatments. However, 2-thiobarbituric acid(TBA) values and cholesterol(total, LDL, HDL) and neutral fat of blood were significantly different between the control and treatments(P<0.05). TBA value was lower in control and cholesterol and neutral fat were lower in treatments. Among the treatments T2(30ppm of nitrite+2% of sodium lactate+0.2% Opuntia ficus indica pigment) was the most effective. In conclusions, this study suggested that T2 can reduce adding level of nitrite from 100 ppm to 30 ppm without any changes in color, shelf life and flavor of sausages. In addition, it had the effect on the reduction of cholesterol and neutral fat in blood.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.519-525
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• 2013

The Opuntia extract has been traditionally used to treat diabetes, inflammation, and rheumatoid arthritis in oriental medicine. The purpose of this study is to investigate characteristics of biological activity between Opuntia humifusa and Opuntia ficus-indica which is cultivating in korea using cell-free system or cell-based assay. O. humifusa extract effectively inhibited ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity or improved the immune function, and its biological activity was more effective than O. ficus-indica extract. The scavenging activity of DPPH radical and the inhibitory effect of tyrosinase similarly showed by O. humifusa and O. ficus-indica extract, however neuroprotective effect only showed a tendency to increase compared with control in PC12 cells. Therefore the results suggest that O. humifusa can be a useful agent for treatment of diabetes and immunodeficiency.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2007

The external ultrastructural morphology and distribution of antennal sensilla and hair-pencils of Palpita indica (Saunder) were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The antennal flagellum of male and female has six types of sensilla: long trichodea, short trichodesa, chaetica, coeloconicum around spines, camaniformia and styloconica. There are sexual differences in antennae of P. indica. The female antenna has a coeloconicum sensillum without spines nearby the long trichodea sensilla on ninth flagellomere. Otherwise, auricillica sensilla are distribute on the basal segment of male antenna. These structures are not showed in the female antenna. There are a lot of pores on the hair tufts of the male hair-pencils.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.967-974
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• 2009

The effects of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten powder on the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were investigated in order to explore the possibility of manufacturing fermented milk containing the powder. Differences in pH, acidity, LAB counts, viscosity, and sensory evaluation were measured. Also the effects of dietary supplementation on the growth of piglets were evaluated by feeding fermented milks containing 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1.0% Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten powder. Levels of pH, titratable acidity, viable LAB counts and viscosity were significantly different by the addition of the powder. When fermented milks containg 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5% and 1.0% Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten powder were kept at $4^{\circ}C$ for 30 days, viable LAB counts remained high after 30 days of storage. The effects of dietary supplementation of 0.2% Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten fermented milk were investigated by examining piglet growth rate and fecal ammonia gas release. The piglets were fed 100g/herd of the fermented milk for 14 days. Average daily body weight gain was significantly (p<0.05) improved (110%) with dietary supplementation of the fermented milk, compared to a control group. More over, fecal ammonia gas emissions were reduced by dietary supplementation of the Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten fermented milk. Sensory evaluation results showed that the samples containing 0.1% and 0.2% Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten powder had the most parameters similar to those of the control.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.249-252
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• 2003

Maximal production of heteropolysaccharide-7(PS-7) with a batch culture for 48 hr was $10.0\;g/{\ell}$ and its conversion rate from 2% (w/v) glucose to PS-7 was 50%. After substitution of media, production of PS-7 continued and reached its maximal production. The highest productivity occurred when the fresh medium, which contained all ingredients, for the production of PS-7 was substituted. Higher production of PS-7 was maintained at a dilution rate of 0.0125, which was established as the optimal dilution rate for the production of PS-7 by B. indica HS-2001.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.238-241
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• 2022

Two species of the Drepanidae are newly recorded from Korea. Habrosyne indica formosana Werny, 1966 and Neodaruma tamanukii Matsumura, 1933. Habrosyne indica formosana can be distinguished by the blackish forewing with a large inverse triangular medial band and the whitish pink subtermen running from the apex to tornus, and the blackish hindwing. Neodaruma tamanukii can be distinguished by the dark grayish forewing with a pair of parallel undulating, blackish antemedial and postmedial lines and a large, renal-shaped discal dot, and a pale grayish undulating subterminal line of the forewing, and the whitish hindwing with a darkly colored postmedial line and subtermen. We provide the diagnosis and figures of adult and genitalia.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.150-156
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• 2019

Conventional extraction of oil and azadirachtin, a botanical insecticide, from Azadirachta indica involves defatting the seeds and leaves using hexane followed by azadirachtin extraction with a polar solvent. In order to simplify the process while maintaining the yield we explored a binary extraction approach using Soxhlet extraction device and hexane and ethanol as non-polar and polar solvents at various ratios and extraction times. The highest oil and azadirachtin yields were obtained at 6 h extraction time using a 50:50 solvent mixture for both neem leaves (44.7 wt%, $720mg_{Aza}/kg_{leaves}$) and seeds (53.5 wt%, $1045mg_{Aza}/kg_{leaves}$), respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.98-98
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• 2017

Leaf senescence is the process of aging in plants. Chlorophyll degradation during leaf senescence has the important role translocating nutrients from leaves to storage organs. The functional stay-green with slow leaf yellowing and photosynthesis activity maintenance has been considered one of strategy for increasing crop productivity. Here, we have identified two QTLs on chromosome 9 and 10 for leaf senescence with chlorophyll content of RIL population derived from a cross between Hanareum 2, early leaf senescence Indica-type variety, and Unkwang, delayed leaf senescence Japonica variety. Among these QTLs, we chose qPLS1 QTL on chromosome 9 for further study. qPLS1 was found to explain 14.4% of the total phenotypic variation with 11.2 of LOD score. Through fine-mapping approach, qPLS1 QTL locus was narrowed down to about 25kb in the marker interval between In/del-4-7-9 and In/del-5-9-4. There are 3 genes existed within 25kb of qPLS1 locus: LOC_Os09g36200, LOC_Os09g36210, and LOC_Os09g36220. Among these genes, transcript level of LOC_Os09g36200 was increased during the leaf senescence stage and the expression level of LOC_Os09g36200 in Indica was higher than in Japonica. Finally, we chose LOC_Os09g36200 as candidate gene and renamed it as OsPLS1-In and OsPLS1-Jp from Indica- and Japonica-type rice, respectively. OsPLS1-In and OsPLS1-Jp overexpressing transgenic plants showed both early leaf senescence phenotype. These results indicate that OsPLS1 functions in chlorophyll degradation and the difference of expression level of OsPLS1 cause the difference of leaf senescence between Indica and Japonica in rice.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to investigate the wound healing effects of the Opuntia ficus-indica. Four full-thickness skin wounds(2.5 cm × 2.5 cm) were made in different areas on the back in each of five dogs. Two wounds were used for wound size measurement and two for skin biopsy. The ten full-thickness wounds were treated with the extract of Opuntia ficus-indica, and the ten full-thickness wounds were treated with normal saline. The wound areas were measured every other day for three weeks after wounding. Statistical analysis was performed with the paired t-test. The wound healing rates were 32.9±4.0%, 28.2±7.1%, 42.2±4.1%, 55.0±4.3%, 76.6±2.8%, 86.8±2.3%, 94.0±1.l%, 97.3±0.8%, 99.3±0.3%, 99.8±0.2%, 100.0±0.0% in the experimental group, and 18.0± 8.2%, 13.S± 11.6%, 15.2±6.1 %, 36.9±8.8%, 62.4±4.1%, 80.0±2.3%, 86.0±1.4%, 94.0±0.9%, 96.9±0.8%, 97.8±0.3%, 99.7±0.1% in the control group on the 1/sup st/, 3/sup rd/, 5/sup th/, 7/sup th/, 9/sup th/, 11/sup th/, 13/sup th/, 15/sup th/, 17/sup th/, 19/sup th/, 21/sup st/ day. On the 17/sup th/ day, the wound closed above 99.9% in 1 dog of the experimental group. On the 19/sup th/ day, the wound closed above 99.9% in 3 dogs of the experimental group. On the 21/sup st/ day, the wound closed above 99.9% in 5 dogs of the experimental group, and 1 dog of the control group. The wound healing period was shortened by 2 to 4 days in the experimental group as compared with the control group. The tensile strength was 4,508±513 g/㎠ in the experimental group and 2,772±400 g/㎠ in the control group on the 21/sup st/ day after wounding. The tensile strength was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(p< 0.05). Inflammation rapidly spread and disappeared in the experimental group but not in the control group. Fibroblast and vascularization were found on the 5/sup th/ day in both group and increased only in the experimental group on the 9/sup th/ day. The firs finding of epithelialization was on the 13/sup th/ day in the experimental group and the 21/sup st/ day in the control group. A significantly higher wound healing rate(p< 0.05), tensile strength(p< 0.05) and better histopathological findings were observed in the experimental group than in the control group throughout the experimental period. These results suggest that topical application of Opuntia ficus-indica extract can promote wound healing in dogs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.398-401
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• 1997

A caecal fermentation study was conducted in 30 Angora rabbits equally placed under five whole diets (75 concentrate : 25 roughage) supplemented with processed Neem (Azadirachta indica) kernel meal (NKM ; 2% urea or 1.5% NaOH, W/W), replacing isonitrogenously either at 50 or 100% level of deoiled peanut (Arachis hypogea) meal, for 18 wk period. The total volatile fatty acids level was depressed (p < 0.05) in all the experimental groups (0.02 to 0.04 mEq/g) and ammonia-nitrogen was lowest (p < 0.05; $24.9{\mu}mol/g$) in rabbits fed NaOH treated NKM supplemented diet. Enzyme activity (unit/g) of carboxy methyl-cellulase, ${\alpha}$-amylase, protease and urease exhibited much variation and did not differ significantly. Hence, the results could not confirm a possible adverse effect of feeding NKM on caecal fermentation.