• 생약학회지
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• 제32권4호통권127호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2001

The extract and fractions of Rumex acetosa (Polygonaceae), a Korean medicinal plant, were examined for their cytotoxicities against five cultured human tumor cell lines, i.e. A549 (non-small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCY15 (colon), using the SRB (sulforhodamine-B) method in vitro and antimutagenic activities by Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 and SOS chromotest with E. coli PQ37. Among the tested samples, the methylene chloride fraction strongly inhibited the proliferation of each examined tumor cell line with $IC_{50}$ values ranged from 13.2 to $18.7\;{\mu}g/ml$ and showed potent antimutagenic activities with 96.1% and 96.7% at the concentration of 1 mg/plate against the mutagens, NPD and sodium azide, respectively. Its antigenotoxic activity was also very effective at the final concentration of $10\;{\mu}g/reaction$ tube against the mutagens, MNNG and NQO by SOS chromotest.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6697-6701
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• 2013

Objective: To explore the inhibiting effect and mechanism of Endostar injection concomitant with cryoablation on lung adenocarcinoma A549 xenografts in nude mice. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 nude mice with subcutaneous xenografts of the A549 cell line were established and divided into 4 groups when the maximal diameters of tumors became 1 cm: control group, Endostar group, cryoablation group and combination group (Endostar concomitant with cryoablation). The nude mice were sacrificed after 21-days treatment, tumour tissues were removed to measure their volume, in situ test of TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was adopted to determine the cellular apoptosis around freezing injury zones, and immunohistochemical SP test was applied for the detection of micro-vessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression levels. Results: At 21-days after treatment, the growth velocities of control group, Endostar group, cryoablation group and combination group were $236.7{\pm}51.2%$, $220.0{\pm}30.6%$, $159.5{\pm}29.3%$ and $103.3{\pm}25.5%$ (P<0.01), while cellular apoptosis rates of tumors were $21.7{\pm}2.34%$, ($22.17{\pm}1.47$)%, $38.3{\pm}1.37%$ and $49.2{\pm}1.72%$, (P<0.01), respectively, according to the immunohistochemical test. MVD and VEGF expression levels in the combination group were both lower than in other groups (P<0.01), also being positively related (r=0.925, P<0.01). Conclusions: Endostar can significantly improve the inhibitory effects of cryoablation on xenografts of lung adenocarcinoma A549, and the mechanism is probably associated with its function as an inhibitor of tumour neo-angiogenesis through down-regulating VEGF expression.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.588-595
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• 2010

배경: 종양의 종류에 따라 발현되는 종양 항원의 종류도 다양하며 그 발현률의 차이는 더욱 다양하다. 이와 같은 이유로 폐암의 치료연구를 위해서는 인체를 대신할 만한 동물 모형이 절대 필요하다. 저자는 편평상피세포암의 세포주를 배양하여 Nude mice의 흉강 내에 주입하는 방법으로 종양형성을 시도하여 종양형성의 성공 유무와 조직학적 변화와 함께 폐암과 관련 있는 EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor)의 수용기 중 하나인 HER2/neu 종양 유전자와 세포 성장 억제 작용과 악성화 과정에서의 저항성으로 작용하는 TGF-${\beta}_1$을 각각 정량 하도록 하여 인공적인 동소 폐암의 경우 암유전자의 발현에 관하여 조사해보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 면역성이 없는 20마리의 수컷생쥐 (Male BALB/c nude mice)로 5마리를 대조군으로 하였으며, 나머지 15마리는 실험군으로 하고 체중은 20~25 gm (Orient, Japan)의 범위에 있었다. HER2/neu는 채혈하여 보관된 혈액의 혈청을 분리하여 CLIA (chemiluminiscent immunoassay) 법으로 정량적으로 측정하였으며 TGF-${\beta}_1$은 immunosandwitch법을 이용하여 정량 분석하였다. 통계학적 분석을 위하여 SPSS통계(SPSS Version10.0, USA)프로그램을 이용하였으며 Student T test를 하였으며 p값이 0.05 미만인 경우를 유의성이 있는 것으로 간주하였다. 결과: 정상 대조군에서나 인위적으로 주입한 폐암 세포주에 의한 폐암이 만들어진 이후에도 HER2/neu 유전자의 증폭은 전혀 반응을 나타내지 못하였다. 하지만 TGF-${\beta}_1$ 대조군의 정량치는 $28,490{\pm}8,549pg/mL$이었고 폐암 세포 주입군은 $42,362{\pm}14,449pg/mL$로 유의하게 1.48배 높게 나왔다(p<0.483). HER2/neu 유전자와 TGF-${\beta}_1$은 유의한 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: TGF-${\beta}_1$유전자는 대조군에 비하여 1.48배 정도의 증폭이 발현되었다. TGF-${\beta}_1$의 증폭은 Nude mice에서 발암에 의한 생체 치유 억제 기전이 확실히 작동하고 있다는 것을 의미하며, 인체의 조기 폐암의 발견에 역할을 가능케 하는 정량 검사법으로 이용할 수도 있을 것이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.1261-1264
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• 2007

Bioassay-directed fractionations of the seed extracts of Trichosanthes kirilowii, have resulted in the isolation of two new compounds, 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-1-propanol (2) and isoetin 5'-methyl ether (5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy-5'-methoxyflavone) (3), together with two known compounds, 7-hydroxychromone (1) and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxyflavone (tricin, 4). Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic analysis such as 2D-NMR, HRTOFMS, and UV. Compound 3 showed cytotoxicity against human lung cancer cell line A549, human skin melanoma SK-Mel-2, and mouse melanoma B16F1, with IC50 of 0.92, 8.0, and 7.23 μg/mL, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.187-190
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• 1998

동결건조(凍結乾燥)한 누에 유래(4령유충(齡幼蟲), 암 수 번데기, 암 수 성충(成蟲)) 및 건조 뽕나무 유래 재료(잎, 오디, 상백피(桑白皮))의 메탄을 추출물, 백강잠(白彊蠶) 및 누에 4령유충(齡幼蟲) 잠분(蠶糞)의 메탄올 추출물의 5종 인간(人間) 암세포주(癌細胞株)(A549 lung, SK-OV-2 ovarian, SK-MEL-2 melanoma, XF-498 CNS, HCT-15 colon tumor cell lines)에 대한 세포독성(細胞毒性)을 sulforhodamine B법을 이용하여 in vitro 검정하였다. 공시시료중 잠분(蠶糞)의 70% 메탄올 열탕추출물(熱湯抽出物)은 이들 암세포주(癌細胞株)에 대하여 강한 세포독성(細胞毒性)을 나타내었으나, 잠분(蠶糞)의 메탄올 추출물 및 오디와 상백피(桑白皮)의 메탄을 추출물은 중간 정도의 활성을 보였다. 기타 물질들은 이들 암세포주(癌細胞株)에 거의 독성을 보이지 않았다. 70% 메탄올 열탕추출물(熱湯抽出物)이 강한 세포독성(細胞毒性)을 나타내어, 용매 분획한 결과 클로로포름과 에틸아세테이트 획분이 암세포주(癌細胞株)에 대하여 가장 강한 세포독성(細胞毒性)을 보였다. 결론적으로, 잠분(蠶糞), 상백피(桑白皮) 및 오디의 항암활성(抗癌活性)은 이들의 약리작용의 일부를 설명할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.165-169
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• 2002

One-hundred and twenty plant extracts were prepared from 29 Indonesian plants and were primarily tested in vitro cytotoxicity in cultured human lung (A549), colon (Col2), and stomach (SNU-638) cancer cells. As a result, the 23 extracts were found to be active in the criteria of $ED_{50}$<$20\;{\mu}g/ml$. Remarkable cytotoxicity was observed for chloroform and n-butanol extracts of Calotropis gigantea, with $ED_{50}$ values ranging from 0.25 to $0.46\;{\mu}g/ml$. Five extracts derived from Eclipta alba and Excoecaria cochinchinensis displayed potent cell-line selective cytotoxicity, while the rest of 15 extracts showed modest cytotoxic activity against all of three cancer cells. In addition, the cytotoxic potential of subfractions of Zingiber cassumunar against a panel of human cancer cell lines is presented.

• ALGAE
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2013

Marine microalgae are a promising source of organisms that can be cultured and targeted to isolate the broad spectrum of functional metabolites. In this study, two species of cyanobacteria, Chlorella ovalis Butcher and Nannchloropsis oculata Droop, one species of bacillariophyta, Phaeoductylum tricornutum Bohlin, and one species of Dinophyceae, Amphidinium carterae (Hulburt) were cultured and biomasses used to evaluate the proximate comical compositions. Among the determined proximate chemical compositions of the cultured marine microalgae, the highest content of crude proteins and lipids were exhibited in P. tricornutum and A. carterae, respectively. Solvent-solvent partition chromatography was subjected to fractionate each of the cultured species and separated n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions. Nitric oxide production inhibitory level (%) and cytotoxicity effect on lipo-polysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages were performed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity. N. oculata hexane and chloroform fractions showed significantly the strongest anti-inflammatory activity at $6.25{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ concentration. The cancer cell growth inhibition (%) was determined on three different cell lines including HL-60 (a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line), A549 (a human lung carcinoma cell line), and B16F10 (a mouse melanoma cell line), respectively. Among the extracts, C. ovalis ethyl acetate and A. carterae chloroform fractions suppressed the growth of HL-60 cells significantly at 25 and $50{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ concentrations. Thus, the cultured marine microalgae solvent extracts may have potentiality to isolate pharmacologically active metabolites further using advance chromatographic steps. Hence, the cultured marine microalgae can be described as a good candidate for the future therapeutic uses.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.331-334
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• 2002

The substance 0116p, which exhibits cytotoxicity against human macrophage cell line THP-1, was isolated from a mycelial extract of Streptomyces scabiei subsp. chosunensis M0137. The cytotoxic substance was purified by Diaion-HP2O adsorption, solvent extraction, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and silica-gel column chromatography. The molecular formula is C$\_$19/H$\_$38/O$\_$2/ (MW301.10) based on elemental and spectrometric analysis. It was identified as nonadecanoic acid by NMR spectral data. It exhibits cytotoxic activities in various human cancer cell lines, including A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2 and HCT-15. In addition, 0116p also inhibits IL-12 production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages.

• Mycobiology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2009

In the present study, the anti-cancer effects of ginseng fermented with Phellinus linteus (GFPL) extract were examined through in vitro and in vivo assays. GFPL was produced by co-cultivating ginseng and Phellinus linteus together. Ginsenoside Rg3, Rh1 and Rh2 are important mediators of anti-angiogenesis and their levels in GFPL were enriched 24, 19 and 16 times, respectively, more than that of ginseng itself through the fermentation. GFPL exhibited distinct anti-cancer effects, including growth inhibition of the human lung carcinoma cell line A549, and promotion of immune activation by stimulating nitric oxide (NO) production in Raw 264.7 cells. Further evidence supporting anti-cancer effects of GFPL was its significant prolongment of the survival of B16F10 cancer cell-implanted mice. These results suggest that the GFPL may be a candidate for cancer prevention and treatment through immune activation and anti-angiogenic effects by enriching Rg3, Rh1 and Rh2.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제25권B호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2005

Exopolysaccharide (CBP) from submerged culture broth of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium and the water soluble (BWS) and water insoluble (BWI) fractions of CBP were prepared by gel filtration. Antitumor activity and effects on proliferation and differenciation of human cancer cells and mouse NIH 3T3 cells were studied. Cytotoxicity test of CBP, BWS and BWI fractions on human cancer cell lines was performed by using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. A549 (lung carcinoma), Colo320 DM and HSR (colon carcinoma), and NIH 3T3 cells were used. BWI fraction showed the strongest cytotoxicity (maximum 20% survival) to all human cells tested. However it did not induced apoptosis. Interestingly BWI fraction did not exert cytotoxic effect on NIH 3T3 cells at low concentration of cells ($5{\times}10^4$) but strong toxic effect at high concentration of cells($5{\times}10^5$) which showed transformed morphology. These results suggest that BWI may have cancer cell specific anticancer activity. However, BWI fraction did not effect the amount of pRb and c-myc protein, which implied that BWI fraction did not act at the early stage of signal transduction pathway. CBP fraction induced differenciation of human leukemic cell line, HL-60 cells suggesting the carcinogenesis prevention of normal cell and possible induction of normalization for cancer cell.