• 제목/요약/키워드: A low protein diet

검색결과 608건 처리시간 0.027초

저단백질식이(低蛋白質食餌)에 가공육류식품(加工肉類食品) 첨가급식시(添加給食時) 백서(白鼠) 성장(成長) 및 혈청성분(血淸成分)에 미치는 영향(影響) (A Study on the Change of Growth and Serum Components in Rats by Feeding Low Protein Diet Supplemented with Processed food of Meat)

  • 이성동;김창식
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.31-36
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    • 1978
  • This experiment was designed to observe some influence on the serum components of growing rats maintained with basal diet supplemented with sausage. Forty male Albino rats were used as the experimental animals and the subjects were divided into four diet groups (control group; feeding of basal diet containing 10.8% and 10.4% of protein and lipid respectively, A group; feeding of sausage containing 12.5% and 27.6% of protein and lipid respectively supplemented with basal diet every day, B group; feeding of sausage supplemented with basal diet once a three-day and C group; feeding of sausage supplemented with basal diet once a five-day) and each group was fed on the corresponding diet for forty-days. The contents of protein, lipid and cholesterol in their serum were determined. The result obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The final body weight and liver weight of the A group were increased more than other groups. 2) The protein contents in the serum of the B group was increased more than other groups. 3) The total lipid contents in the serum of the A group and B group were decreased compared with control group. 4) The total cholesterol, ester form cholesterol and free form cholesterol in the serum of the A group were decreased, but the total cholesterol and ester form cholesterol in that of the C group were increased compared with control group.

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저단백질 TMR을 기초사료로 급여한 홀스타인 거세우에 있어서 CNCPS fraction별 고함유 단백질 공급이 반추위 발효패턴 및 혈액대사물질에 미치는 영향 (Effects of CNCPS fraction-enriched proteins on ruminal fermentation and plasma metabolites in holstein steers fed TMR containing low protein)

  • 최창원
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제42권3호
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    • pp.237-244
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    • 2015
  • Four ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (BW $401.0{\pm}2.22kg$) fed TMR containing low protein (CP 9.63 %) as a basal diet were used to investigate the effects of cornell net carbohydrates and protein system (CNCPS) fraction enriched protein feeds on rumen fermentation and blood metabolites. The steers used in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design consumed TMR only (control), TMR with rapeseed meal (AB1), TMR with soybean meal (B2) and TMR with perilla meal (B3C), respectively. The protein feeds were substituted for 30 % crude protein of TMR intake. For measuring ruminal pH, ammonia-N and volatile fatty acids (VFA), ruminal digesta was sampled through ruminal cannula at 1 h-interval after the afternoon feeding. Blood was sampled via the jugular vein after the ruminal digesta sampling. Different CNCPS fraction-enriched proteins did not affect (p>0.05) ruminal pH except B3C being numerically low compared with the other groups. Ammonia-N and VFA were not significantly different among the experimental groups. Numerically low ammonia-N appeared in the steers fed rapeseed meal even though it contained high soluble N composition (A and B1 fractions). The discrepancy is unclear; however this may be related to low protein level in the diet and/or low DM intake. Blood metabolites were not significantly affected by the protein substitution except for blood urea nitrogen that was significantly (p<0.05) increased.

한국 젊은 여성의 단백질 및 칼슘 섭취 수준이 체내 철분 및 아연 평형에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Dietary Protein and Calcium Levels on Iron and Zine Balance in Young Korean Women)

  • 남기선;김경원;구재옥;최혜미
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.218-227
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    • 1998
  • 단백질 및 칼슘 수준이 체내 철분 및 아연의 평형에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 건강한 젊은 여성 8명을 대상으로 20일간의 대사실험을 실시하였다. 실험대상자는 2일간의 적응 기간 후 저단백저칼슘식이 (44g 단백질, 422mg 칼슘), 고단백저칼슘식이 (85g 단백질, 365mg 칼슘), 고단백고칼슘식이 (84g 단백질, 727mg 칼슘)의 6일씩 각 실험식이를 섭취하였다. 각 식이 기간 후반 3일간의 대변 및 뇨를 수집하고 각 식이 기간이 끝난 후 공복시에 채혈하였다. 각 식이의 열량, 단백질, 칼슘, 철분 및 아연을 분석하고 대변과 뇨의 철분 및 아연을 분석하였으며 혈청중의 철분 및 아연 농도를 측정하여 비교하였다. 식이의 단백질 수준이 높아졌을 때 체내 철분과 아연의 흡수 및 평형이 유의적으로 증가되었으며(P<0.01) 식이의 칼슘 수준이 높아졌을 때 철분(p<0.01) 및 아연(p<0.05)의 흡수 및 평형은 감소되었다. 혈청의 철분이나 아연 농도는 저단백질식이보다 고단백질식이일 때 증가되는 경향이 있었다. 혈청의 철분 농도는 철분 평형보다는 섭취된 철분의 함량과 높은 양의 상관관계(r=0.99)를 나타냈다. 혈청과 두발의 아연 농도 간에는 상관관계를 볼 수 없었다. 본 연구 결과 식이중의 단백질 및 칼슘 섭취수준은 체내 철분 및 아연의 평형에 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 우리 나라 영양권장량을 책정함에 있어서 이러한 영양소들의 대사를 재검토해야 하며 또한 최근 칼슘과 함께 철분을 강화시키는 몇몇의 시판 유제품이나 음료의 실제 유용성에 대한 평가도 필요하다고 사료된다.

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유년기백서(幼年期白鼠)의 단백질부족(蛋白質不足)이 성장후(成長後) 납 (연(鉛)) 중독(中毒)에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effect of Early Protein Undernutrition of Rats on Later Susceptibility to Lead Toxicity)

  • 김양선;유정열
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.318-327
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    • 1985
  • This study was designed to investigate the effect of early protein undernutrition of rats on later susceptibility to lead poisoning. Weanling rats, weighing about 55 grams, were malnourished by feeding low protein diets ( 12% and 5% casein diet ) during the four weeks of protein deprivation period. For the following 5 weeks, the malnourished rats were fed with 25% casein diet as rehabilitation diet. After the rehabilitation period, all rats were fed with 25% casein diet and the drinking water containing 2000ppm-Pb during the four weeks. The results obtained were as follows ; 1 ) Feed intake, body weight gain and food efficiency ratio were reduced in all rats exposed to lead, especially in rats fed with 5% casein diet during the four weeks of weanling period. 2 ) Enlargement of kidney and spleen were observed in all rats exposed to lead and were more remarkable in rats fed with 5% casein diet. 3 ) In rats exposed to lead, activity of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase ( S- GOT ) was significantly increased by increasing the degree of early protein deprivation, whereas hematocrit value was significantly decreased. Activity of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase ( S- GPT ) was shown a tendency to increase by increasing the degree of early protein deprivation, but the difference was not significant. 4) In rats exposed to lead, the amount of lead accumulation in kidney was increased by increasing the degree of early protein deprivation. The significant increase was shown in rats fed with 5% casein diet during the four weeks of weanling period. The results of the experiment suggest that early protein undernutrition, even after some period of rehabilitation, may enhance the later susceptibility to lead poisoning.

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Effects of Low Calorie Diet and Platycodon Grandiflorum Extract on Fatty Acid Binding Protein Expression in Rats with Diet-induced Obesity

  • Park, Yoon-Shin;Cha, Min-Ho;Yoon, Yoo-Sik;Ahn, Hong-Seok
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.3-9
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    • 2005
  • Obesity can be defined as a metabolic disease due to an increased fat accumulation in the body caused by an imbalance of calorie intake and output The prevalence of obesity has increased substantially over the past 2-3 decades in developed and developing countries. The health impact of weight gain is so marked that obesity has now been classified as a major global public health problem In order to investigate the effect of diet conversion and oral administration of Platycodon grandiflorum extracts on the treatment of obesity, male Spraque-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: a group converted to normal diet (Control group), a group maintained high fat (30%) diet (H), and two groups with Platycodon grandiflorum extract added to the previously mentioned two groups. All animals were fed high fat diet for 7 weeks to induce the obesity. Then they were divided as mentioned above. Animals were fed experimental diet and Platycodon grandiflorum extract (150 mg/ml/rat/day) for 7 weeks. Body weight, adipose tissue weight (subcutaneous, epididymal, peritoneal fat pads) and serum lipids (total cholesterol and triglyceride) showed some differences among groups. The Platycodon grandiflorum feeding markedly decreased both body weight and adipose tissue weight in control group compared to H, high fat diet maintaining, group. Platycodon grandiflorum extracts significantly decreased the concentrations of serum lipids compared to H group. Fat cell numbers and sizes were significantly reduced in the oriental medicinal herb extract administrated group. Increased fatty acid binding protein (FABP) expression in high fat diet group was decreased by the dietary conversion to normal diet and the oral administration of Platycodon glandiflorum extracts. In contrast, there was no significant effect on FABP expression in the high fat maintenance group. In this study, the conversion from high fat diet to low fat or normal diet had a beneficial effect on body weight loss and serum lipid profiles. Dietary Platycodon glandiflorum extracts had an additive beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of obesity.

이상환경하(異常環境下)의 영양문제(營養問題) 연구(硏究)(제1보) -진동하(振動下)의 영양문제(營養問題)- (Studies on the Nutrition under Abnormal Environment(I) -Nutrition under Vibration-)

  • 유정열
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.15-23
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    • 1971
  • On the assumption that the supplementation of certain nutrients or foods to the rice diet (low protein, low fat, and low vitamins) may decrease, to some extent, the degree of suffering from abnormal environments, such as vibration, noises, gases, dusts, smog etc. a series of experiments were started. As the first report the nutrition under vibration was studied in this experiment. Sixty (60) young growing male rats weighing about 65 grams were used, grouping to five (5) groups, twelve (12) rats each group. They were fed on the following five (5) experimental diets: rice diet (basal diet), rice diet+casein, rice diet+vitamins, rice $diet+{\alpha}-tocopherol$, and rice diet+ginseng powder (see the tables 1 and 2) for the period of 14 weeks experiment. During the experiment period the half number of the rats of each group were exposed to the three (3) hours vibration every day. The protective effect of each diet against the vibration may be summarized as follows. 1. The growth of rice diet group was impaired significantly under vibration, However, those of other groups (protein-supplemented, vitamin-supplemented, ${\alpha}-tocopherol-supplemented$ and ginseng-supplemented groups) were impaired much less compared with rice diet group. 2. The feed efficiency of the rice diet group was decreased significantly under vibration. It is estimated that the biological availability of nutrients was impaired under this environment. On the other hand, the feed efficiencies of protein supplemented, of vitamin supplemented, and of ginseng supplemented groups were not decreased under vibration, statistically. 3. There is tendency that the food spillages of vibration groups are higher than those of non-vibration groups. Especially it seems true in the case of rice diet group. The food spillage may be, to some extent, related with mental nervousness of animals. From the point that the food spillage of ginseng supplemented group is significantly lower than those of other groups it is thought ginseng acts some good role in protecting nervous system from suffering from vibration. 4. In all groups except protein supplemented group, liver fat of vibration group tends to be higher than that of non-vibration group. 5. It shows that, in general, the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of the vibration group is significantly higher than that of the non-vibration group. It seems that there may be, to some extent, corelation between the amount of liver fat and serum alkaline phosphatase activity. 6. There is tendency that, in rice diet group, the organs of vibration group are smaller than those of non-vibration group, especially lung is so. It is thought that this may be due to the poor growth of whole body size in vibration group.

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Modification of Gut Microbiota and Immune Responses via Dietary Protease in Soybean Meal-Based Protein Diets

  • Song, Minho;Kim, Byeonghyeon;Cho, Jin Ho;Kyoung, Hyunjin;Choe, Jeehwan;Cho, Jee-Yeon;Kim, Younghoon;Kim, Hyeun Bum;Lee, Jeong Jae
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제32권7호
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    • pp.885-891
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    • 2022
  • Plant-based protein sources such as soybean meal have low digestibility and are generally promoted accumulation of undigested proteins into the intestine by enzymatic treatments. Moreover, potential intestinal pathogens ferment undigested proteins, producing harmful substances, such as ammonia, amines and phenols, leading to an overactive immune response and diarrhea in weaned pigs. As a solution, dietary proteases hydrolyze soybean-based antinutritive factors, which negatively affect immune responses and gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary proteases (PRO) in a low-crude protein (CP) commercial diet on the immune responses and gut microbiota of weaned pigs. The experimental design consisted of three dietary treatments: a commercial diet as a positive control (PC; phase1 CP = 23.71%; phase 2 CP: 22.36%), a lower CP diet than PC as negative control (NC; 0.61% less CP than PC), and NC diet supplement with 0.02% PRO. We found that PRO tended to decrease the frequency of diarrhea in the first two weeks after weaning compared with PC and NC. In addition, pigs fed PRO showed decreased TNF-α and TGF-β1 levels compared with those fed PC and NC. The PRO group had a higher relative proportion of the genus Lactobacillus and lower levels of the genus Streptococcus than the PC and NC groups. In conclusion, the addition of PRO to a low CP commercial weaned diet attenuated inflammatory responses and modified gut microbiota in weaned pigs.

EFFECTS OF DIETARY TRYPTOPHAN LEVEL AND FOOD INTAKE ON ENERGY UTILIZATION BY MALE GROWING CHICKS

  • Sugahara, K.;Kubo, T.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.647-651
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    • 1992
  • Two experiments involving comparative slaughter procedures were conducted to see if the decrease in total energy retention (ER) resulted from the decreased food intake in growing chicks fed on a diet containing tryptophan less than the requirement. Ad libitum-feeding a diet containing 50% of tryptophan of a control diet (1.5 g/kg) decreased body weight gain, apparent metabolizable energy intake (AMEI), ER and ER : AMEI ratio. When both the control diet and the 0.75 g/kg tryptophan diet were tube-fed at the two levels of food intake, body weight gain was significantly lower in chicks on the low tryptophan diet than in the control chicks at each level of intake. AME : gross-energy ratio decreased only when the low tryptophan diet was tube-fed at the higher level of intake. Energy retained as protein was significantly decreased by the low tryptophan level and reduction of food intake. Energy retained as fat was affected by food intake. ER and ER : AMEI ratio were unaffected by dietary tryptophan level and were proportional to AMEI. Heat increment of feeding was affected by neither tryptophan nor food intake. These results indicate that the decreased ER in chicks fed on the low tryptophan diet was due mainly to the decreased food intake and not to the decreased efficiency of ME utilization.

Effects of the Low-Crude Protein and Lysine (Low CP/lys) Diet and a Yeast Culture Supplemented to the Low CP/lys Diet on Growth and Carcass Characteristics in Growing-finishing Pigs

  • Ha, Seung-Ho;Park, Byung-Chul;Son, Seung Won;Ha, Duck-Min;Lee, C. Young
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제54권6호
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    • pp.427-433
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    • 2012
  • The present study was performed to investigate long-term effects of the low-crude protein and lysine (low CP/lys) diet and a yeast culture supplemented to the low CP/lys diet on growth and carcass characteristics in growing-finishing pigs. Forty-five gilts and 45 barrows weighing approximately 25 kg born to Yorkshire ${\times}$ Landrace dams and Duroc sires were allocated to nine pens, with five gilts and five barrows assigned per pen. Every three pens received CP/lys-rich grower and finisher diets (control), low CP/lys grower and finisher (basal), or the low CP/lys grower and finisher supplemented (2%) with a yeast culture providing $3.2{\times}10^8$ Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells/kg diet (yeast) for 31 and 79 days, respectively. The ADG was less in the low CP/lys (basal + yeast) group than in the control group (P<0.01) during both grower (0.59 vs. 0.70 kg) and finisher (0.75 vs. 0.89 kg) phases. However, marbling score was greater (P<0.05) in the low CP/lys group vs. control (3.86 vs. 3.12) at slaughter, which resulted in a twice percentage of the $1^+$-quality grade carcasses in the former compared with that for the latter. Supplementation of the yeast culture to the basal diet caused a decrease in ADG during the grower phase (P<0.01), but not during the finisher phase (0.64 vs. 0.53 kg and 0.73 vs. 0.77 kg for the basal vs. yeast group during the grower and finisher phases, respectively), without influencing the marbling score or percentage of the $1^+$-quality grade carcasses. In conclusion, results indicate that long-term provision of the low CP/lys diet has a beneficial effect on marbling and carcass quality grade as well as a negative effect on weight gain and that the yeast culture supplemented to the low CP/lys diet has no beneficial effect on weight gain or carcass quality.

식이단백질과 칼슘 수준이 흰쥐의 칼슘대사에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Dietary Protein and Calcium Levels on Calcium Metabolism of the Rat)

  • 윤군애;황혜진
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.176-180
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    • 2005
  • 흰쥐를 대상으로 하여 식이 단백질 수준에 따라 칼슘 수준을 달리하여 식이를 공급하여 칼슘 식이효율, 칼슘대사와 관련된 호르몬, 대퇴골의 무게 및 칼슘 함유량, 골밀도를 측정하였다. 실험 식이의 구성은 \circled1 HPNC군-고단백 적정칼슘군(Protein: 400 g/kg diet, calcuim: 0.5%) \circled2 HPLC군-고단백 저칼슘군(Protein: 400 g/kg diet, calcium: 0.1%) \circled3 NPNC군-적정 단백 적정 칼슘군 protein: 200 g/kg diet, calcium: 0.5%) \circled4 NPLC군-적정단백 저칼슘군(protein: 200 g/kg diet, calcium: 0.1%)으로 구별하였다. 실험 종료까지의 체중은 NPLC군에서 가장 많이 증가하였으나, 실험군간의 차이를 나타내지 않았고, 식이 섭취량도 실험군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 뇨 칼슘배설량은 고단백군이 적정단백군보다 높은 경향을 나타내었고, HPLC군에서 유의적으로 높은 값을 보였으며 체내 칼슘보유량과 흡수율은 실험군에 따른 차이가 없었다. 뼈형성의 biomarker인 ALP의 활성은 저칼슘 식이군인 NPLC군에서 유의하게 높았고, 고단백 적정칼슘을 섭취한 HPNC군에서 유의적으로 낮았다. 혈액의 PTH 농도는 HPLC군에서 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 소변의 DPD농도는 저칼슘 식이군인 HPLC군과 NPLC군에서 높은 수치로 관찰되었고, HPNC군에서는 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 대퇴골의 건조 전의 습윤무게는 중 100 g당의 무게로 환산했을 때 NPLC군에서 가장 낮았으며 건조 후의 대퇴골의 무게 역시 다른군에 비해 NPLC군에서 가장 낮았다. 대퇴골의 회분 함량은 실험군간의 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았고, 칼슘 함량은 NPLC군과 HPLC군에서 유의하게 낮았다. 대퇴골의 골밀도는 NPNC군에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, NPC군은 가장 낮게 나타났다. 본 연구결과 고단백 저칼슘 식이 섭취시 요중 칼슘 배설량이 가장 많았고, DPD 농도가 다른 군에 비하여 유의적으로 높았으며, 골밀도도 가장 낮게 조사되어 고단백식이 섭취시 칼슘섭취 부족은 칼슘대사에 좋지 못한 결과를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다.이로 볼 때 적절한 단백질과 칼슘 섭취가 골격의 건강을 유지하고 노령화에 따른 골격질환을 예방할 수 있고, 특히 고단백 섭취시에는 칼슘영 양이 부족할 경우 골격 대사를 저해할 수 있으므로 충분한 칼슘 섭 취가 무엇보다도 중요하다고 본다.